Vocabulary

  • lead to: To result in some action
  • have to: Must do
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • chain of events: A sequence of occurrences, where each event causes or influences the next.
  • in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • result in: To cause or produce as a consequence.
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
  • such as: For example; like
  • neurodegenerative diseases: Diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
  • with age: As someone gets older; as time passes.
  • in terms of
  • in blood: Covered or stained with blood, literally or figuratively.
  • have on: To be wearing something.
  • cognitive: The process of knowing and remembering
  • rhythm: Pattern of events, motions, or changes
  • ingredient: Food item used when making a meal or drink
  • diabetes: Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
  • term: Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
  • improve: To make, or become, something better
  • crave: To have a very strong desire for something
  • dopamine: Drug used to treat shock and hypotension
  • consume: To eat, drink, buy or use up something
  • disease: Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
  • consumption: The act of buying and using products
  • decline: To bend towards the ground
  • irritable: Annoyed; easily annoyed or angered
  • hormone: Chemical produced by the body to control functions
  • pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
  • concentrate: To cause to be present in large amount or number
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • cardiovascular: Concerning the heart and vessels of the body
  • conduct: Your behavior
  • detrimental: Harmful
  • stroke: When blood cannot get to brain, causing damage
  • contract: To become ill as a result of getting a disease
  • dementia: Illness characterized by loss of memory
  • stimulate: To arouse or excite emotionally
  • affect: To cause a change in something else
  • dictate: To speak while someone writes down your words
  • retention: Act of holding something inside the body
  • alter: To change so (clothing) fits better
  • desperately: In a way that shows you don't have much hope
  • addiction: Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
  • prompt: Message on a computer requiring attention
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • circadian: Concerning biological processes occurring at -hour intervals
  • glucose: Natural type of sugar found in fruits and plants
  • adapt: To change something for a different function
  • therapist: Person skilled in a particular type of therapy
  • effect: An advantage, benefit
  • release: To free someone from a responsibility or burden
  • insulin: Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
  • cortisol: Adrenal-cortex hormone (trade names Hydrocortone or Cortef) that is active in carbohydrate and protein metabolism
  • drop: Distance between a higher and a lower level
  • intake: Amount of something that a person's body consumes
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • mood: Emotion or a state of mind; how you feel
  • analyze: To study carefully to find out the meaning of
  • caffeine: Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
  • produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
  • suggest: To mention something that could be done; propose
  • peak: Part of a cap that sticks out over your eyes
  • activate: To cause to happen; cause a chemical reaction
  • commonly: Typically, normally; not unusually
  • tolerance: Ability to adjust to changes, your environment etc.
  • strengthen: To make something stronger
  • withdrawal: Action of pulling back or move away or backward
  • bloodstream: Blood flowing through the circulatory system
  • receptor: A nerve ending that changes stimuli into impulses
  • stimulant: Drug that increases physical or mental activity
  • awake: To make aware of (a certain feeling or memory)
  • perpetuate: To make something continue for a long time
  • drug: Illegal substance taken for effect on the mind
  • attentive: Thoughtful and considerate
  • dependent: Someone who relies on (financial) support
  • discomfort: To cause to feel uncomfortable or not at ease
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • activate

      US /ˈæktəˌvet/

      UK /ˈæktɪveɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause to happen; cause a chemical reaction
      • To make something start working
      B1
      More
    • adapt

      US /əˈdæpt/

      UK /ə'dæpt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change something for a different function
      • To change something to fit or suit a new purpose
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To change your behaviour so that it is easier to live in a new place or situation
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • addiction

      US /əˈdɪkʃən/

      UK /əˈdɪkʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
      • A compulsive physiological need for a habit-forming substance.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • affect

      US /əˈfɛkt/

      UK /ə'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • To pretend to have or feel (something).
      • Noun
      • (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • alter

      US /ˈɔltɚ/

      UK /ˈɔ:ltə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change so (clothing) fits better
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change or modify something.
      • To become different; to change.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • analyze

      US /ˈænəˌlaɪz/

      UK /'ænəlaɪz/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To study carefully to find out the meaning of
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • attentive

      US /əˈtɛntɪv/

      UK /əˈtentɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Thoughtful and considerate
      • Paying attention to; concentrating on
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • awake

      US /əˈwek/

      UK /əˈweɪk/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make aware of (a certain feeling or memory)
      • To wake from sleep; wake someone from sleep
      • Adjective
      • Not asleep; up; alert
      A2
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • bloodstream

      US /ˈblʌdˌstrim/

      UK /ˈblʌdstri:m/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Blood flowing through the circulatory system
      C2
      More
    • caffeine

      US /kæˈfin, ˈkæfˌin, ˈkæfiɪn/

      UK /ˈkæfi:n/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
      • The amount of caffeine in a substance.
      B2
      More
    • chain of events

      US

      UK

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A sequence of occurrences, where each event causes or influences the next.
      • Phrase
      • A series of happenings linked by cause and effect.
      A1
      More
    • cognitive

      US /ˈkɑɡnɪtɪv/

      UK /ˈkɒgnətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • The process of knowing and remembering
      • Relating to the ability to think and reason.
      C1
      More
    • commonly

      US /ˈkɑmənlɪ/

      UK /ˈkɒmənli/

      • Adverb
      • Typically, normally; not unusually
      • Widely; by many people.
      A2
      More
    • concentrate

      US /ˈkɑnsənˌtret/

      UK /'kɒnsntreɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause to be present in large amount or number
      • To pay great attention to a task; focus
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A substance made by removing water or other diluents; a concentrated form of something.
      A2
      More
    • conduct

      US / kənˈdʌkt/

      UK /kənˈdʌkt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Your behavior
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To behave in a certain way; e.g. at a party
      • To let electricity or heat travel through
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • consume

      US /kənˈsum/

      UK /kən'sju:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To eat, drink, buy or use up something
      • To take all your energy; focus the attention
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • consumption

      US /kənˈsʌmpʃən/

      UK /kənˈsʌmpʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The act of buying and using products
      • The act of using energy, food or materials; the amount used
      B1
      More
    • crave

      US /krev/

      UK /kreɪv/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have a very strong desire for something
      B2
      More
    • decline

      US /dɪˈklaɪn/

      UK /dɪ'klaɪn/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To bend towards the ground
      • To slope downward.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To lessen in quality or value
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • dementia

      US /dɪˈmɛnʃə/

      UK /dɪˈmenʃə/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Illness characterized by loss of memory
      B2
      More
    • dependent

      US /dɪˈpɛndənt/

      UK /dɪˈpendənt/

      • Adjective
      • Someone who relies on (financial) support
      • Conditional; contingent
      • Countable Noun
      • A person who relies on someone else for financial support.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • desperately

      US /ˈdɛspərɪtlɪ/

      UK /'despərətlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • In a way that shows you don't have much hope
      • In a way that shows despair.
      A2
      More
    • detrimental

      US /ˌdɛtrəˈmɛntl/

      UK /ˌdetrɪˈmentl/

      • Adjective
      • Harmful
      B2
      More
    • diabetes

      US /ˌdaɪəˈbitɪs, -tiz/

      UK /ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
      • A form of diabetes, usually diagnosed in children and young adults, in which the body does not produce insulin.
      B2
      More
    • dictate

      US /ˈdɪkˌtet/

      UK /dɪk'teɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To speak while someone writes down your words
      • To make a thing necessary
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • discomfort

      US /dɪsˈkʌmfərt/

      UK /dɪsˈkʌmfət/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause to feel uncomfortable or not at ease
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Feelings of being uncomfortable or uneasy
      B2
      More
    • disease

      US /dɪˈziz/

      UK /dɪˈzi:z/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
      • A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • drug

      US /drʌɡ/

      UK /drʌɡ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illegal substance taken for effect on the mind
      • Chemical used as a medicine
      • Transitive Verb
      • To give drugs to someone to make them sleep
      A2
      More
    • glucose

      US /ˈɡluˌkos/

      UK /'ɡlu:kəʊs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Natural type of sugar found in fruits and plants
      • The concentration of glucose in the blood, often measured to monitor metabolic health.
      C1
      More
    • have on

      US /hæv ɑn/

      UK /hæv ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be wearing something.
      • To deceive or trick someone, often in a playful way.
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • hormone

      US /ˈhɔrˌmon/

      UK /'hɔ:məʊn/

      • Noun
      • Chemical produced by the body to control functions
      B2
      More
    • in blood

      US /ɪn blʌd/

      UK /in blʌd/

      • other
      • Covered or stained with blood, literally or figuratively.
      C2
      More
    • in order to

      US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/

      UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/

      • Preposition
      • For the purpose of; with the aim of.
      • Phrase
      • In a specific sequence or arrangement.
      • With the aim of; for the purpose of.
      C1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in the future

      US /ɪn ði ˈfjutʃɚ/

      UK /in ðə ˈfju:tʃə/

      • Phrase
      • At a later time; in times to come.
      A1
      More
    • in turn

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
      A1
      More
    • ingredient

      US /ɪnˈɡridiənt/

      UK /ɪnˈgri:diənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Food item used when making a meal or drink
      • Quality necessary to be something to work well
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • insulin

      US /ˈɪnsəlɪn/

      UK /ˈɪnsjəlɪn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
      B2
      More
    • intake

      US /ˈɪnˌtek/

      UK /ˈɪnteɪk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Amount of something that a person's body consumes
      • Act of consuming something
      B1
      More
    • irritable

      US /ˈɪrɪtəbəl/

      UK /ˈɪrɪtəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Annoyed; easily annoyed or angered
      • Easily inflamed or sore.
      B2
      More
    • lead to

      US /lid tu/

      UK /li:d tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To result in some action
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have something as a consequence or result.
      A1
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • neurodegenerative diseases

      US

      UK

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
      B1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • peak

      US /pik/

      UK /pi:k/

      • Noun
      • Part of a cap that sticks out over your eyes
      • The very top of a mountain
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To reach the highest or best point
      B1
      More
    • perpetuate

      US /pɚˈpɛtʃuˌet/

      UK /pə'petʃʊeɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something continue for a long time
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • pressure

      US /ˈprɛʃɚ/

      UK /'preʃə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Anxiety caused by difficult problems
      • Force, weight when pressing against a thing
      • Transitive Verb
      • To apply force to something
      • To persuade or force someone to do something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • prompt

      US /prɑmpt/

      UK /prɒmpt/

      • Noun
      • Message on a computer requiring attention
      • Encouragement to ask someone else to talk
      • Transitive Verb
      • To display a message to requires a user to act
      • To say something to encourage someone else to talk
      B1
      More
    • receptor

      US /rɪˈseptər /

      UK /rɪˈseptə(r)/

      • Noun
      • A nerve ending that changes stimuli into impulses
      B2
      More
    • release

      US /rɪ'li:s/

      UK /rɪ'li:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To free someone from a responsibility or burden
      • To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
      • Noun
      • Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
      • Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • result in

      US /rɪˈzʌlt ɪn/

      UK /riˈzʌlt in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To cause or produce as a consequence.
      More
    • retention

      US /rɪˈtɛnʃən/

      UK /rɪˈtenʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of holding something inside the body
      • Act of keeping or holding someone or something
      B2
      More
    • rhythm

      US /ˈrɪðəm/

      UK /ˈrɪðəm/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Pattern of events, motions, or changes
      • A pattern of sound and beats in music
      A2
      More
    • stimulant

      US /ˈstɪmjələnt/

      UK /ˈstɪmjələnt/

      • Noun
      • Drug that increases physical or mental activity
      B2
      More
    • stimulate

      US /ˈstɪmjəˌlet/

      UK /'stɪmjʊleɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To arouse or excite emotionally
      B1
      More
    • strengthen

      US /ˈstrɛŋkθən,ˈstrɛŋ-,ˈstrɛn-/

      UK /ˈstreŋθn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something stronger
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • stroke

      US /strok/

      UK /strəʊk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • When blood cannot get to brain, causing damage
      • Mark made by a pen, pencil or brush
      • Transitive Verb
      • To rub your hand in a caring way on something
      B1
      More
    • such as

      US /sʌtʃ æz/

      UK /sʌtʃ æz/

      • Preposition
      • For example; like
      A1
      More
    • therapist

      US /ˈθɛrəpɪst/

      UK /ˈθerəpɪst/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person skilled in a particular type of therapy
      B2
      More
    • tolerance

      US /ˈtɑ:lərəns/

      UK /ˈtɒlərəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Ability to adjust to changes, your environment etc.
      • The space between metal objects e.g. in engines
      B1
      More
    • with age

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As someone gets older; as time passes.
      • Improving in quality or value as it gets older.
      A1
      More
    • withdrawal

      US /wɪðˈdrɔəl, wɪθ-/

      UK /wɪðˈdrɔ:əl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Action of pulling back or move away or backward
      • Pain of coming off drugs
      • Adjective
      • Feeling pain and suffering when coming off drugs
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B2US
    #caffeine#adenosine#body#drink coffee#intake#epinephrine

    Coffee PROTECTS Your Brain! Science Behind The World's Most POPULAR Drug

    0
    李青 posted on 2019/01/18
    Did you know your morning coffee might be protecting your brain? Dive into the fascinating science behind caffeine, exploring how it boosts memory and when's the best time to drink it to avoid jitters. You'll pick up advanced vocabulary and practical tips for enjoying your favorite brew!

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