Vocabulary

  • in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
  • in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
  • in particular: Specifically; especially.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • go back to: To return to a starting point
  • have to: Must do
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • for instance: As an example.
  • in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
  • come back: To reply to someone, often forcefully
  • as well as: Also; in addition to
  • such as: For example; like
  • talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
  • for sake of: For the purpose or benefit of something or someone.
  • in concert: Together in cooperation or agreement.
  • feel like: To have a desire or inclination for something.
  • touch on: To briefly discuss
  • for that matter: Used to emphasize that something is true or likely to happen, or to introduce a related point.
  • all the things: Everything; all items or aspects
  • come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
  • in general: Typically; usually; on the whole.
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • move around: To change position or location; to go from place to place.
  • to some extent: Partially; not completely.
  • back into: To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
  • as with: In the same way that something happens or is true of something else.
  • in mind: Being aware of or considering something.
  • in terms of
  • far and away: By a considerable margin; easily the best.
  • out there: In or to a place that is far away
  • in the face of: When confronted with something difficult or challenging.
  • up until now: Until the present time; so far.
  • point out: To make others aware of an idea
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • go out: To leave a building (e.g. a house)
  • with it: Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
  • in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
  • vital for: Absolutely necessary or important; essential.
  • at the tail: At the end or last position in a line or group.
  • going on: To continue doing something
  • thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
  • in blood: Covered or stained with blood, literally or figuratively.
  • in fairness: Used to indicate honesty or justice in judgment.
  • engage in: To participate or become involved in something.
  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • all at once: Suddenly; at the same time
  • at once: Immediately; without delay
  • for sure: Definitely; certainly; without a doubt.
  • other than: Except for; apart from.
  • prior to: Before a particular time or event.
  • lie down: To put your body in a flat position, as to sleep
  • of all things: Used to express surprise or disbelief at something unexpected or unusual.
  • show up: To arrive or be seen at a place, e.g. a party
  • on and off: Intermittently; not continuously.
  • cognitive: The process of knowing and remembering
  • chronic: Always or often doing something, e.g. lying
  • meditation: Act of deep and quiet thinking
  • mental: Concerning the mind
  • physical: Health check at the doctors' or hospital
  • period: Set amount of time during which events take place
  • adrenaline: Chemical in the body that responds to stress, fear
  • improve: To make, or become, something better
  • experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
  • immediately: Without any delay; straight away
  • attempt: To try to do something challenging or difficult
  • sense: Certain mental feeling or emotion
  • amount: Quantity of something
  • emotional: Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
  • stress: To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
  • trial: Hearing and judgment of a case in court
  • ability: The power, resources or skill to do something
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • cardiovascular: Concerning the heart and vessels of the body
  • exercise: To work out to become stronger and healthier
  • spike: The top point in a graph
  • leverage: An advantage which gives you influence or power
  • function: Social event, or party such as a wedding
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • occur: To come to pass or to happen
  • mean: Average of a set of numbers
  • condition: To improve something to make it better
  • mention: To refer to or talk or write about something
  • state: Region within a country, with its own government
  • neural: About the nerves or nervous system
  • journal: A diary; record of what you do every day
  • hippocampus: A part of the brain that is part of the limbic system and is important for memory
  • perform: To carry out an action well or successfully
  • attention: Taking notice of someone or something
  • require: To demand that someone does something
  • form: Sports team or person's current winning record
  • sequence: Part of a movie showing one part of the story
  • effect: An advantage, benefit
  • neuron: A nerve cell
  • evoke: To bring forth a certain feeling or memory
  • caffeine: Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
  • sensory: Referring to the physical senses
  • enhance: To improve; make bigger or better
  • arena: Place to watch sports, performances, entertainment
  • bout: A boxing match
  • location: Particular position or area of place, event, etc.
  • datum: Item of factual information
  • snapshot: A photograph, especially an informal one
  • alpha: First letter in the Greek alphabet
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    • ability

      US /əˈbɪlɪti/

      UK /ə'bɪlətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The power, resources or skill to do something
      • A particular skill or talent.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • adrenaline

      US /əˈdrɛnəlɪn/

      UK /ə'drenəlɪn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Chemical in the body that responds to stress, fear
      • The intense excitement and energy felt when in a dangerous or exciting situation.
      C1
      More
    • all at once

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • Suddenly; at the same time
      • At the same time; simultaneously
      • Phrase
      • Suddenly; at the same time
      A1
      More
    • all the things

      US

      UK

      • Pronoun
      • Everything; all items or aspects
      • Determiner
      • Every item or object being considered or discussed.
      A1
      More
    • alpha

      US /'ælfə/

      UK /ˈælfə/

      • Noun
      • First letter in the Greek alphabet
      • Adjective
      • Most powerful (animals of the same sex)
      B1
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    • arena

      US /əˈrinə/

      UK /ə'ri:nə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Place to watch sports, performances, entertainment
      B1
      More
    • as well as

      US /æz wɛl æz/

      UK /æz wel æz/

      • Adverb
      • Also; in addition to
      • Preposition
      • In addition to; and also.
      A1
      More
    • as with

      US /æz wɪð/

      UK /æz wið/

      • Preposition
      • In the same way that something happens or is true of something else.
      A1
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • at once

      US /æt wʌns/

      UK /æt wʌns/

      • Adverb
      • Immediately; without delay
      • At the same time; simultaneously
      A2
      More
    • at the tail

      US /ət ðə ˈteɪl/

      UK /ət ðə ˈteɪl/

      • other
      • At the end or last position in a line or group.
      B2
      More
    • attempt

      US /əˈtɛmpt/

      UK /ə'tempt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try to do something challenging or difficult
      • Noun
      • Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • attention

      US /əˈtɛnʃən/

      UK /əˈtenʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Taking notice of someone or something
      • Noun
      • (Soldiers) Standing with straight backs
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • back into

      US /bæk ˈɪntu/

      UK /bæk ˈɪntuː/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
      • To accidentally collide with something while moving backwards.
      A1
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • bout

      US /baʊt/

      UK /baʊt/

      • Countable Noun
      • A boxing match
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Period of time spent in a way; period; spell
      B2
      More
    • caffeine

      US /kæˈfin, ˈkæfˌin, ˈkæfiɪn/

      UK /ˈkæfi:n/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
      • The amount of caffeine in a substance.
      B2
      More
    • chronic

      US /ˈkrɑnɪk/

      UK /'krɒnɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Always or often doing something, e.g. lying
      • (Of disease) over a long time; serious
      B1
      More
    • cognitive

      US /ˈkɑɡnɪtɪv/

      UK /ˈkɒgnətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • The process of knowing and remembering
      • Relating to the ability to think and reason.
      C1
      More
    • come back

      US /kʌm bæk/

      UK /kʌm bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reply to someone, often forcefully
      • To be remembered
      A1
      More
    • come up with

      US /kʌm ʌp wɪð/

      UK /kʌm ʌp wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To think of an idea or solution; produce
      A1
      More
    • condition

      US /kənˈdɪʃən/

      UK /kənˈdɪʃn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To improve something to make it better
      • To cause to behave automatically in a certain way
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Disease or other medical problem
      • The state of living you are in, e.g. good health
      A2
      More
    • datum

      US /ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm/

      UK /ˈdeɪtəm/

      • Noun
      • Item of factual information
      B1
      More
    • emotional

      US /ɪˈmoʃənəl/

      UK /ɪˈməʊʃənl/

      • Adjective
      • Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
      • Relating to or characterized by emotion
      A2
      More
    • engage in

      US /ɪn'gedʒ ɪn/

      UK /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To participate or become involved in something.
      B1
      More
    • enhance

      US /ɛnˈhæns/

      UK /ɪn'hɑ:ns/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To improve; make bigger or better
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • evoke

      US /ɪˈvok/

      UK /ɪ'vəʊk/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To bring forth a certain feeling or memory
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • exercise

      US /ˈɛksɚˌsaɪz/

      UK /'eksəsaɪz/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To work out to become stronger and healthier
      • To retain your ability or practice your skills
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Physical activity to increase health and strength
      • Set of questions in a text book
      A2
      More
    • far and away

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • By a considerable margin; easily the best.
      More
    • feel like

      US

      UK

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To have a desire or inclination for something.
      • To have a particular quality or sensation; resemble.
      A1
      More
    • for instance

      US /fɔr ˈɪnstəns/

      UK /fɔ: ˈinstəns/

      • Adverb
      • As an example.
      • Phrase
      • As an example.
      • As an illustration or case in point
      B1
      More
    • for sake of

      US /fɚ seɪk əv/

      UK /fə seɪk əv/

      • other
      • For the purpose or benefit of something or someone.
      B1
      More
    • for sure

      US /fɔr ʃʊr/

      UK /fɔ: ʃuə/

      • Adverb
      • Definitely; certainly; without a doubt.
      • Used to emphasize a statement.
      • Interjection
      • An expression of strong agreement or affirmation.
      A2
      More
    • for that matter

      US /fɔr ðæt ˈmætɚ/

      UK /fɔ: ðæt ˈmætə/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize that something is true or likely to happen, or to introduce a related point.
      • Used to introduce a statement that supports or strengthens a previous statement.
      A2
      More
    • function

      US /ˈfʌŋkʃən/

      UK /'fʌŋkʃn/

      • Noun
      • Social event, or party such as a wedding
      • Mathematical operation used in calculations
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To serve a certain purpose or role
      • To be operating, working or achieving its purpose
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • go back to

      US /ɡo bæk tu/

      UK /ɡəu bæk tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To return to a starting point
      A1
      More
    • go out

      US /ɡo aʊt/

      UK /ɡəu aut/

      • Phrase
      • To leave a building (e.g. a house)
      • Phrasal Verb
      • (Of a fire) to burn out; be extinguished
      • Go out of fashion to stop being fashionable
      A1
      More
    • going on

      US /ˈɡoɪŋ ɑn/

      UK /ˈgəʊɪŋ ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To continue doing something
      • To happen (usually negative)
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • in blood

      US /ɪn blʌd/

      UK /in blʌd/

      • other
      • Covered or stained with blood, literally or figuratively.
      C2
      More
    • in concert

      US /ɪn ˈkɑnˌsɚt/

      UK /in ˈkɔnsət/

      • Adverb
      • Together in cooperation or agreement.
      • Phrase
      • Performing a live musical performance.
      A2
      More
    • in fact

      US /ɪn fækt/

      UK /in fækt/

      • Adverb
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
      • Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
      C1
      More
    • in fairness

      US /ɪn ˈfɛrnəs/

      UK /in ˈfeənəs/

      • other
      • Used to indicate honesty or justice in judgment.
      B2
      More
    • in general

      US /ɪn ˈdʒɛnərəl/

      UK /in ˈdʒenərəl/

      • Phrase
      • Typically; usually; on the whole.
      • Not specific or detailed; broadly.
      • Adjective
      • Not detailed or specific; overall.
      C2
      More
    • in mind

      US /ɪn maɪnd/

      UK /in maind/

      • Phrase
      • Being aware of or considering something.
      • To remember or consider something.
      A2
      More
    • in order to

      US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/

      UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/

      • Preposition
      • For the purpose of; with the aim of.
      • Phrase
      • In a specific sequence or arrangement.
      • With the aim of; for the purpose of.
      C1
      More
    • in other words

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
      More
    • in particular

      US /ɪn pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/

      UK /in pəˈtikjulə/

      • Phrase
      • Specifically; especially.
      • Detailed or precise.
      A1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in the face of

      US //ɪn ðə feɪs ɑv//

      UK

      • Phrase
      • When confronted with something difficult or challenging.
      • Despite; in defiance of; when confronted with.
      A1
      More
    • in the future

      US /ɪn ði ˈfjutʃɚ/

      UK /in ðə ˈfju:tʃə/

      • Phrase
      • At a later time; in times to come.
      A1
      More
    • journal

      US /ˈdʒɚnəl/

      UK /ˈdʒə:nl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A diary; record of what you do every day
      • Magazine of academic papers
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • leverage

      US /ˈlɛvərɪdʒ, ˈlivə-/

      UK /'li:vərɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An advantage which gives you influence or power
      • An advantage gained through the use of resources or a strategic position
      • Transitive Verb
      • To use an advantage which gives you influence
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • lie down

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To put your body in a flat position, as to sleep
      • Phrase
      A2
      More
    • location

      US /loʊˈkeɪʃn/

      UK /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Particular position or area of place, event, etc.
      • A place away from a studio where film or television shots are made.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • meditation

      US /ˌmɛdɪˈteʃən/

      UK /ˌmedɪ'teɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act of deep and quiet thinking
      • The practice of focusing one's mind for a period of time.
      B2
      More
    • mental

      US /ˈmɛntl/

      UK /ˈmentl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the mind
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • mention

      US /ˈmɛnʃən/

      UK /'menʃn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To refer to or talk or write about something
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of referring to or talking about something
      • A formal acknowledgement of something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • move around

      US /muv əˈraʊnd/

      UK /mu:v əˈraund/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To change position or location; to go from place to place.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To spread or circulate (e.g., information, rumors).
      More
    • neural

      US /ˈnʊrəl, ˈnjʊr-/

      UK /ˈnjuərəl/

      • Adjective
      • About the nerves or nervous system
      B2
      More
    • neuron

      US /ˈnʊrˌɑn, ˈnjʊr-/

      UK /ˈnʊərˌɔn, ˈnjʊər-/

      • Noun
      • A nerve cell
      B2
      More
    • occur

      US /əˈkɚ/

      UK /əˈkɜ:(r)/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To come to pass or to happen
      • To be found to exist; to be present.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • of all things

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Used to express surprise or disbelief at something unexpected or unusual.
      • Used to emphasize the unexpected or inappropriate nature of a choice or action.
      A1
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • on and off

      US /ɑn ənd ɔf/

      UK /ɔn ænd ɔf/

      • Adverb
      • Intermittently; not continuously.
      • Adjective
      • Characterized by periods of involvement and separation.
      A1
      More
    • other than

      US

      UK

      • Preposition
      • Except for; apart from.
      • Conjunction
      • Different from.
      A1
      More
    • out there

      US /aʊt ðɛr/

      UK /aut ðɛə/

      • Adverb
      • In or to a place that is far away
      • Existing in the universe
      • Adjective
      • Unconventional; strange; avant-garde
      • Existing or available.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • physical

      US /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

      UK /ˈfɪzɪkl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Health check at the doctors' or hospital
      • Adjective
      • Concerning the body of a person
      • Concerning things that can be seen or touched
      A2
      More
    • point out

      US /pɔɪnt aʊt/

      UK /pɔint aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make others aware of an idea
      • To draw attention to something or someone
      A1
      More
    • prior to

      US /ˈpraɪɚ tu/

      UK /ˈpraiə tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Before a particular time or event.
      C1
      More
    • require

      US /rɪˈkwaɪr/

      UK /rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To demand that someone does something
      • To need to do something, to make it necessary
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • sensory

      US /ˈsɛnsəri/

      UK /ˈsensəri/

      • Adjective
      • Referring to the physical senses
      B2
      More
    • sequence

      US /ˈsikwəns, -ˌkwɛns/

      UK /'si:kwəns/

      • Noun
      • Part of a movie showing one part of the story
      • A particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To arrange things in an order they should happen
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • show up

      US /ʃo ʌp/

      UK /ʃəu ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive or be seen at a place, e.g. a party
      • To be noticeably better than (someone else)
      A1
      More
    • snapshot

      US /ˈsnæpʃɑ:t/

      UK /ˈsnæpʃɒt/

      • Countable Noun
      • A photograph, especially an informal one
      B2
      More
    • spike

      US /spaɪk/

      UK /spaɪk/

      • Noun
      • The top point in a graph
      • Long, thin metal rod that ends in a point
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To go up to a point on a graph
      B2
      More
    • stress

      US / strɛs/

      UK /stres/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
      • To put pressure on something or someone
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Emphasis on part of a word or sentence
      • Pressure on something or someone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • such as

      US /sʌtʃ æz/

      UK /sʌtʃ æz/

      • Preposition
      • For example; like
      A1
      More
    • talking about

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To discuss a particular topic.
      • To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
      A1
      More
    • thanks to

      US /θæŋks tu/

      UK /θæŋks tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; as a result of.
      A1
      More
    • to some extent

      US /tu sʌm ɪkˈstɛnt/

      UK /tu: sʌm iksˈtent/

      • Phrase
      • Partially; not completely.
      A1
      More
    • touch on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To briefly discuss
      A1
      More
    • trial

      US /ˈtraɪəl, traɪl/

      UK /ˈtraɪəl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Hearing and judgment of a case in court
      • Act or process of testing or experimenting
      • Transitive Verb
      • To be made or done as a test or experiment
      A2TOEIC
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    • up until now

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Until the present time; so far.
      A1
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    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • vital for

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Absolutely necessary or important; essential.
      A1
      More
    • with it

      US /wɪð ɪt/

      UK /wið it/

      • Adjective
      • Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
      • Understanding and knowledgeable about current trends or information.
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    A2US
    #memory#adrenaline#learning#brain#enhance#epinephrine

    Understand & Improve Memory Using Science-Based Tools | Huberman Lab Essentials

    0
    lai posted on 2026/08/27
    Ever wonder why you remember some things and forget others? This "Huberman Lab Essentials" episode dives into the fascinating science of memory, explaining how perceptions become memories and how you can leverage this process to remember information better. You'll learn about practical tools like repetition and even discover how stress-related chemicals can surprisingly boost your learning capacity!

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