Vocabulary

  • have to: Must do
  • in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • below the surface: Hidden emotions or issues not immediately visible.
  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • for the world: Used to emphasize something would never happen.
  • ramp up: To increase the level or amount of something sharply.
  • reduce to: To simplify or condense something.
  • in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
  • below the salt: Belonging to a lower social or economic class.
  • feed on: To eat a particular food.
  • tremendous: Very good or very impressive
  • ingredient: Food item used when making a meal or drink
  • tackle: To start working on a difficult problem
  • prone: Lying flat with your head facing the ground
  • impact: A striking effect or result to hit with force
  • community: Group of people who share a common idea or area
  • climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
  • environment: Natural world in which plants and animals live
  • combat: To fight someone or something physically
  • firm: Company that sells goods or services
  • incorporate: To form into a company or business corporation
  • concentrate: To cause to be present in large amount or number
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • encourage: To increase the chance of something happening
  • exist: To be present, alive or real
  • component: One of the parts that something is made up of
  • conventional: Following the common attitudes and practices
  • indigenous: Being naturally from an area, not somewhere else
  • dialogue: Conversation between two or more individuals
  • resist: To not be affected by e.g. a force or an effect
  • remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
  • bargain: Something bought for a lower price than expected
  • grasp: Person's control over something
  • surface: To give (road) a top layer
  • form: Sports team or person's current winning record
  • population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
  • extract: Essential ingredient of a natural thing
  • capture: To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
  • transition: Change from one state, movement, place to another
  • generation: Act or process of producing or causing something
  • agriculture: The science of farming
  • drought: Long period of dry weather
  • ramp: Path that increases in height as you walk up it
  • transform: To change the shape completely in a good way
  • decrease: To reduce the size, amount or number of something
  • evaporate: To pass off or away; to disappear
  • system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
  • government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
  • microscopic: Too small to be seen with the eyes
  • solar: Concerning the sun, or its heat
  • protect: To defend someone or something from harm or danger
  • laboratory: A place to do scientific experiments
  • change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • remember: To give someone a gift, e.g. birthday, wedding
  • mining: To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
  • world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • renewable: Being able to be replaced naturally
  • live: To be alive
  • oversight: A mistake; something you forget to do
  • mine: That thing that belongs to me
  • people: Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • main: Most important; most often used
  • lithium: Soft silver-white univalent element of the alkali metal group; the lightest metal known; occurs in several minerals
  • brine: Water that contains a lot of salt, e.g. sea water
  • evaporation: Changing from a liquid into a gas, e.g. steam
  • cubic: Measurement of the length, width, and height
  • slurry: Mixture of snow, mud, concrete or animal waste
  • wetland: Low area where the land is saturated with water
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • agriculture

      US /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ/

      UK /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • The science of farming
      • The study of farming and related sciences.
      A2
      More
    • bargain

      US /ˈbɑrɡɪn/

      UK /'bɑ:ɡən/

      • Countable Noun
      • Something bought for a lower price than expected
      • An agreement between people or groups about what each will do for the other.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To discuss terms for a business deal; negotiate
      • To expect or anticipate something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • below the salt

      US /bəˈloʊ ðə sɔlt/

      UK /bɪˈləu ðə sɔ:lt/

      • other
      • Belonging to a lower social or economic class.
      C2
      More
    • below the surface

      US /bəˈloʊ ðə ˈsɝfɪs/

      UK /bɪˈləu ðə ˈsɜ:fɪs/

      • other
      • Hidden emotions or issues not immediately visible.
      B2
      More
    • brine

      US /braɪn/

      UK /braɪn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Water that contains a lot of salt, e.g. sea water
      C1
      More
    • capture

      US /ˈkæptʃɚ/

      UK /'kæptʃə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
      • To record, tape, or film something
      • Noun
      • The act of seizing or taking control of something.
      B1
      More
    • climate

      US /ˈklaɪmɪt/

      UK /ˈklaɪmət/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Typical weather conditions in a particular place
      • The general attitudes, feelings, or opinions that people have at a particular time.
      A2
      More
    • combat

      US /kəmˈbæt, ˈkɑmˌbæt/

      UK /'kɒmbæt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To fight someone or something physically
      B1
      More
    • community

      US /kəˈmjunɪti/

      UK /kə'mju:nətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Group of people who share a common idea or area
      • A feeling of fellowship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests, and goals.
      • Adjective
      • Relating to or shared by the people in a particular area.
      • Shared or participated in by all members of a group
      A2
      More
    • component

      US /kəmˈponənt/

      UK /kəmˈpəʊnənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • One of the parts that something is made up of
      • A constituent part; ingredient.
      • Adjective
      • Being a part of something
      A2
      More
    • concentrate

      US /ˈkɑnsənˌtret/

      UK /'kɒnsntreɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause to be present in large amount or number
      • To pay great attention to a task; focus
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A substance made by removing water or other diluents; a concentrated form of something.
      A2
      More
    • conventional

      US /kənˈvɛnʃənəl/

      UK /kən'venʃənl/

      • Adjective
      • Following the common attitudes and practices
      • Non-nuclear
      B2
      More
    • cubic

      US /ˈkjubɪk/

      UK /ˈkju:bɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Measurement of the length, width, and height
      B2
      More
    • decrease

      US /dɪˈkris/

      UK /dɪˈkri:s/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To reduce the size, amount or number of something
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Amount by which something has been reduced
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • dialogue

      US /ˈdaɪəˌlɔɡ, -ˌlɑɡ/

      UK /'daɪəlɒɡ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Conversation between two or more individuals
      • A discussion or series of discussions between people or groups, especially ones aimed at resolving a problem.
      B1
      More
    • drought

      US /draʊt/

      UK /draʊt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Long period of dry weather
      • A prolonged absence or shortage of something specified.
      B1
      More
    • encourage

      US /ɛnˈkɚrɪdʒ, -ˈkʌr-/

      UK /ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To increase the chance of something happening
      • To make someone more determined or confident
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • evaporate

      US /ɪˈvæpəˌret/

      UK /ɪˈvæpəreɪt/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To pass off or away; to disappear
      • Transitive Verb
      • To change from a liquid into a gaseous state
      B2
      More
    • evaporation

      US /ɪˌvæpəˈreʃən/

      UK /ɪˌvæpə'reɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Changing from a liquid into a gas, e.g. steam
      B2
      More
    • extract

      US /ɪkˈstrækt/

      UK /'ekstrækt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Essential ingredient of a natural thing
      • Part taken from a longer written work
      • Transitive Verb
      • To get a substance out of a plant, etc.
      • To get a person to share secret information
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • feed on

      US /fid ɑn/

      UK /fi:d ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To eat a particular food.
      • To increase or become stronger because of something.
      A1
      More
    • firm

      US /fɚm/

      UK /fɜ:m/

      • Countable Noun
      • Company that sells goods or services
      • Adjective
      • Fairly hard or solid, not soft
      • Unchanging and strong
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • for the world

      US /fɚ ðə wɝld/

      UK /fə ðə wɜ:ld/

      • other
      • Used to emphasize something would never happen.
      B2
      More
    • generation

      US /ˌdʒɛnəˈreʃən/

      UK /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act or process of producing or causing something
      • People born and living at about the same time
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • grasp

      US /ɡræsp/

      UK /ɡrɑ:sp/

      • Noun
      • Person's control over something
      • Act of holding something strongly in your hands
      • Transitive Verb
      • To hold something in your hand very tightly
      • To understand or make sense of a complex idea
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • impact

      US /ˈɪmˌpækt/

      UK /'ɪmpækt/

      • Noun
      • A striking effect or result to hit with force
      • Act or force of one thing hitting something else
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To hit or strike someone or something with force
      • To have a strong effect on someone or something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • in the past

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • During a former period of time; previously.
      A1
      More
    • in the world

      US /ɪn ði wɜrld/

      UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
      • Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
      A1
      More
    • incorporate

      US /ɪnˈkɔrpəˌret/

      UK /ɪn'kɔ:pəreɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To form into a company or business corporation
      • To include or involve as part of something else
      A2
      More
    • indigenous

      US /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/

      UK /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/

      • Adjective
      • Being naturally from an area, not somewhere else
      • Relating to the people who are native to a particular region.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous peoples.
      • The original inhabitants of a particular region or country.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • ingredient

      US /ɪnˈɡridiənt/

      UK /ɪnˈgri:diənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Food item used when making a meal or drink
      • Quality necessary to be something to work well
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • laboratory

      US /ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, -ˌtori/

      UK /lə'bɒrətrɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A place to do scientific experiments
      • A place where tests are done for medical diagnosis.
      B1
      More
    • microscopic

      US /ˌmaɪkrəˈskɑ:pɪk/

      UK /ˌmaɪkrəˈskɒpɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Too small to be seen with the eyes
      • Relating to or involving the use of a microscope.
      B1
      More
    • mining

      US /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

      UK /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
      • To dig into the earth or sea to obtain minerals
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of digging to get coal, gold, silver etc.
      B2
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • oversight

      US /ˈoʊvərsaɪt/

      UK /ˈəʊvəsaɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A mistake; something you forget to do
      • Supervision of someone or something
      C2
      More
    • population

      US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/

      UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
      • A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • prone

      US /proʊn/

      UK /prəʊn/

      • Adjective
      • Lying flat with your head facing the ground
      • Likely to have, do or be (usually something bad)
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • ramp

      US /ræmp/

      UK /ræmp/

      • Noun
      • Path that increases in height as you walk up it
      • Transitive Verb
      • To slope or incline; (phrasal: ramp up) to increase the level or amount of something sharply; to furnish with a sloping surface.
      B2
      More
    • ramp up

      US /ræmp ʌp/

      UK /ræmp ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To increase the level or amount of something sharply.
      More
    • reduce to

      US /rɪˈdus tu/

      UK /riˈdju:s tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To simplify or condense something.
      • To bring someone to a lower or worse state or condition.
      B1
      More
    • remain

      US /rɪˈmen/

      UK /rɪˈmeɪn/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be left behind; to continue to exist
      • To stay in a place when other people have gone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • renewable

      US /rɪˈnu:/

      UK /rɪˈnju:əbl/

      • Adjective
      • Being able to be replaced naturally
      • Noun
      • A resource that can be used again many times
      C1
      More
    • resist

      US /rɪˈzɪst/

      UK /rɪ'zɪst/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To not be affected by e.g. a force or an effect
      • To fight or prevent something from happening
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • slurry

      US /ˈslɚri/

      UK /'slʌrɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Mixture of snow, mud, concrete or animal waste
      C2
      More
    • solar

      US /ˈsolɚ/

      UK /'səʊlə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the sun, or its heat
      B1
      More
    • surface

      US /ˈsɚfəs/

      UK /'sɜ:fɪs/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To give (road) a top layer
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
      • To come to the top of something; emerge
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • tackle

      US /ˈtækəl/

      UK /'tækl/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To start working on a difficult problem
      • To grab and throw a person to the ground
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Equipment used in fishing
      • Arrangement of ropes and wheels used for lifting
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • transform

      US /trænsˈfɔrm/

      UK /træns'fɔ:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change the shape completely in a good way
      • To convert from one form or substance into another.
      C2
      More
    • transition

      US /trænˈzɪʃən, -ˈsɪʃ-/

      UK /trænˈzɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Change from one state, movement, place to another
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To change state, movement, place, or subject
      B1
      More
    • tremendous

      US /trɪˈmɛndəs/

      UK /trəˈmendəs/

      • Adjective
      • Very good or very impressive
      • Extremely large or great.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • wetland

      US /ˈwɛtˌlænd/

      UK /ˈwetlənd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Low area where the land is saturated with water
      B2
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #lithium#mining#water#atacama#climate#climate change

    What is the impact of lithium mining? | BBC News

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2025/07/25
    Ever wondered about the real cost of your gadgets? This BBC News investigation dives deep into lithium mining in the Atacama Desert, exploring its impact on water scarcity and indigenous rights. You'll pick up advanced vocabulary related to the energy transition and gain fascinating insights into this critical global issue!

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