affect
US /əˈfɛkt/
UK /ə'fekt/
- Transitive Verb
- To cause a change in something else
- To pretend to have or feel (something).
- Noun
- (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
A2TOEICMorealcohol
US /ˈælkəˌhɔl,-ˌhɑl/
UK /'ælkəhɒl/
- Uncountable Noun
- A colorless liquid that can catch fire (C2H5OH)
- Drinks such as wine, whiskey, beer
B1Moreamorphous
US /əˈmɔ:rfəs/
UK /əˈmɔ:fəs/
- Adjective
- Without shape
C1Morebasically
US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/
UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/
- Adverb
- Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
A2Morebet
US /bet/
UK /bet/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To gamble money to win more money, e.g. on horses
- Used to express certainty or confidence
- Countable Noun
- Act of gambling money on the result of a race etc.
A2Morebottom
US /ˈbɑtəm/
UK /'bɒtəm/
- Noun
- The part of your body you sit on
- Lowest position, often in a company or contest
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To hit the lowest part of something
- To provide with a bottom.
A2TOEICMorebreak apart
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To separate into pieces; disintegrate.
- To end a relationship or association.
A2Morecarve out
US /kɑrv aʊt/
UK /kɑ:v aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To create or obtain something through effort or skill.
- To separate or isolate something from a larger whole.
C2Morecrack
US /kræk/
UK /kræk/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Attempt to achieve a goal or objective
- Unexpected and hard hit to the body
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To attempt to achieve a goal or objective
- To hit someone or something hard and unexpectedly
B1Morecritical
US /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/
UK /ˈkrɪtɪkl/
- Adjective
- Making a negative judgment of something
- Being important or serious; vital; dangerous
A2Morecue
US /kju/
UK /kju:/
- Noun
- Word or action in a play to tell an actor to speak
- Transitive Verb
- To give a signal telling someone when to act/speak
B2Moredense
US /dɛns/
UK /dens/
- Adjective
- Very thick and difficult to see, get through
- Hard to understand
B1TOEICMoredioxide
US /daɪˈɑksaɪd/
UK /daɪˈɒksaɪd/
- Noun
- An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
B2Moreexcept for
US /ɪkˈsɛpt fɔr/
UK /ikˈsept fɔ:/
- Preposition
- Not including; excluding.
experiment
US /ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/
UK /ɪk'sperɪmənt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
- A course of action tentatively adopted without being sure of the eventual outcome.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To create and perform tests to research something
- To try something new that you haven't tried before
A2TOEICMoreflame
US /flem/
UK /fleɪm/
- Intransitive Verb
- To glow
- To burn or glow in a fire
- Noun
- The red part you can see in fire
A2Moreflood
US /flʌd/
UK /flʌd/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To quickly appear unexpectedly and in volume
- (Of liquid) to fill or cover something completely
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A quick unexpectedly volume of something
- Large number of people or things arriving at once
B1Morefluid
US /ˈfluɪd/
UK /'flu:ɪd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A material that can easily flow, e.g. water
- Liquid that flows smoothly, such as water
- Adjective
- Able to move smoothly or gracefully
- Liable to change; unstable.
B2Morefor example
US
UK
- Phrase
- As an illustration or instance.
gel
US /dʒɛl/
UK /dʒel/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Thick substance, similar to jelly
- Intransitive Verb
- To adhere or stick together like a gel
B2Morein fact
US /ɪn fækt/
UK /in fækt/
- Adverb
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
C1Moreinside of
US /ɪnˈsaɪd ʌv/
UK /inˈsaid ɔv/
- Preposition
- Within; in the inner part of.
- Within a certain period of time.
A1Moreinstead of
US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/
UK /inˈsted ɔv/
- Preposition
- When one thing is replaced by another
- Adverb
- As a substitute or alternative.
A1Moreinsulation
US /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃn/
UK /ˌɪnsjuˈleɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Material that is used to prevent heat, etc. passing
B2Morejelly
US /ˈdʒɛli/
UK /ˈdʒeli/
- Uncountable Noun
- Semisolid food substance, eaten as dessert
- Adjective
- Being soft and without form
B2Moreliquid
US /ˈlɪkwɪd/
UK /ˈlɪkwɪd/
- Adjective
- (Of wealth) being able to be spent as cash
- In a state of being uncertain
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Something that is similar to the state of water
- A drink; beverage.
A2Morelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moremass
US /mæs/
UK /mæs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
- Large amount or number of something
- Transitive Verb
- To gather people or things into a large group
B1Morematerial
US /məˈtɪriəl/
UK /məˈtɪəriəl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Cloth; fabric
- Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
- Adjective
- Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
- Belonging to the world of physical things
A2Moremelt
US /mɛlt/
UK /melt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To disappear or to go away
- To make, become soft or liquid due to heat
- Uncountable Noun
- A mass of material that has been melted, especially metal.
B1Morenano
US /'nænoʊ/
UK /'nænəʊ/
- Adjective
- Concerning 1/1000,000th
C2Moreon average
US /ɑn ˈævərɪdʒ/
UK /ɔn ˈævəridʒ/
- Phrase
- Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
B1Moreon cue
US /ɑn kju/
UK /ɔn kju:/
- Adverb
- At exactly the moment expected or required.
- Phrase
- Occurring or done precisely as planned or expected.
on the table
US /ɑn ði ˈtebəl/
UK /ɔn ðə ˈteibl/
- Phrase
- Located on the surface of a table.
- Available for consideration or discussion.
A1Moreopaque
US /oʊˈpeɪk/
UK /əʊˈpeɪk/
- Adjective
- Hard to see through; cloudy
- Being hard to understand
C2Moreparticle
US /ˈpɑrtɪkəl/
UK /ˈpɑ:tɪkl/
- Noun
- Adverb or preposition that joins with a verb
- Tiny piece or quantity of something
B1Morepass through
US /pæs θru/
UK /pɑ:s θru:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To experience something, often unpleasant or difficult.
- To go through something; to move from one side to the other of something.
A2Morepeanut
US /ˈpiˌnʌt/
UK /ˈpi:nʌt/
- Countable Noun
- Edible small nut which grows under the ground
- A very small amount of money.
B2Moreporous
US /ˈpɔrəs, ˈpor-/
UK /ˈpɔ:rəs/
- Adjective
- With many tiny holes so liquid, etc. passes through
- (Of borders) easy for people to pass through
C1Morepressure
US /ˈprɛʃɚ/
UK /'preʃə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Anxiety caused by difficult problems
- Force, weight when pressing against a thing
- Transitive Verb
- To apply force to something
- To persuade or force someone to do something
A2TOEICMorepull on
US /pʊl ɑn/
UK /pul ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To put on a piece of clothing quickly and easily.
- To encourage someone to try harder or to continue doing something.
A1Morered hot
US /rɛd hɑt/
UK /red hɔt/
- Adjective
- Extremely hot; heated to a point of glowing red.
- Very exciting, popular, or successful.
A1Morereduce
US /rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus/
UK /rɪ'dju:s/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
A2TOEICMoreresult
US /rɪˈzʌlt/
UK /rɪ'zʌlt/
- Noun
- Something produced through tests or experiments
- Final score of a competition, election or game
- Intransitive Verb
- To be the outcome of other causes and effects
- To happen or exist as a consequence of something.
A2Morerover
US /ˈroʊvə(r)/
UK /ˈrəʊvə(r)/
- Noun
- Someone who leads a wandering unsettled life
B1Morerubbery
US /ˈrʌbəri/
UK /ˈrʌbəri/
- Adjective
- Having an elastic texture resembling rubber
B1Morescatter
US /ˈskætɚ/
UK /'skætə(r)/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To throw or move into various different directions
- Transitive Verb
- To place or leave things in various places
B2Moresee through
US /si θru/
UK /si: θru:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To realize the truth about
- To continue doing something until it is finished, especially something difficult or unpleasant.
A1Moresemi
US /ˈsɛmaɪ, ˈsɛmi/
UK /ˈsemi/
- Prefix
- A prefix meaning 'half'
- Noun
- House that shares a wall with another house
B1Moreskeleton
US /ˈskɛlɪtn/
UK /ˈskelɪtn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Structure of bones that supports the body
- Frame that provides support for e.g. a building
- Adjective
- Outline of the basic of main part of something
B1Moreslight
US /slaɪt/
UK /slaɪt/
- Adjective
- Small (amount, quality)
- Appearing thin, delicate and physically weak
- Transitive Verb
- To ignore or treat rudely and with no respect
B1Moresmoke
US /smoʊk/
UK /sməʊk/
- Intransitive Verb
- To give off a cloud of grey gas from burning
- Uncountable Noun
- Grey gas from fires and cigarettes
- Fog of air coming from e.g. a cigarette, fire
B1Moresolid
US /ˈsɑlɪd/
UK /'sɒlɪd/
- Adjective
- Being able to be trusted; reliable
- Substance that is hard or of fixed shape
- Noun
- Something firm or hard; not gas or liquid
A2Moresolvent
US /ˈsɑ:lvənt/
UK /ˈsɒlvənt/
- Noun
- Substance used to dissolve or melt others
B2TOEICMorestardust
US /'stɑ:rdʌst/
UK /'stɑ:dʌst/
- Uncountable Noun
- Dreamy romantic or sentimental quality
C1Morestructure
US /ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ/
UK /ˈstrʌk.tʃə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- A building or other man-made object.
- Transitive Verb
- To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
A2TOEICMoresunset
US /ˈsʌnˌsɛt/
UK /ˈsʌnset/
- Noun
- Daily disappearance of the sun
B2Moresurface
US /ˈsɚfəs/
UK /'sɜ:fɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To give (road) a top layer
- Intransitive Verb
- To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
- To come to the top of something; emerge
A2TOEICMoreswap
US /swɑp/
UK /swɒp/
- Transitive Verb
- To exchange goods without spending money; trade
- Noun
- A trade or exchange of goods without using money
B2TOEICMoreswap out
US /swɑp aʊt/
UK /swɔp aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To replace something with something else.
A1Morethermal
US /ˈθɜ:rml/
UK /ˈθɜ:ml/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Item of warm clothing for cold weather use
- Rising body of warm air, e.g. in gliding
- Adjective
- Of or relating to heat or a source of heat
B2Morethink of
US /θɪŋk ʌv/
UK /θiŋk ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To look on as (being something specific); consider
- To consider or remember something.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To imagine or call something to mind
A1Moretilt
US /tɪlt/
UK /tɪlt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To change to a newly preferred idea or opinion
- To move something away from the upright
- Noun
- Position in which one side is above the other
B2Moreto the power of
US /tu ðə ˈpaʊɚ əv/
UK /tu ðə ˈpaʊə əv/
- other
- Indicating exponentiation in math; repeated multiplication.
B2Moreto the touch
US /tu ðə ˈtʌtʃ/
UK /tə ðə ˈtʌtʃ/
- other
- When tested or sensed by physical contact.
B2Moretransparent
US /trænsˈpærənt/
UK /trænsˈpærənt/
- Adjective
- Being open to see and to public criticism
- Able to be seen through
B2Moreultra
US /'ʌltrə/
UK /'ʌltrə/
- Prefix
- Prefix that denotes a lot of something; extreme
B2Morevessel
US /ˈvɛsəl/
UK /ˈvesl/
- Countable Noun
- Container, such as a cup, for holding liquids
- A ship or boat; something that carries things
B1TOEICMorewaterproof
US /ˈwɔtɚˌpruf, ˈwɑtə-/
UK /'wɔ:təpru:f/
- Adjective
- That keeps water out, as of clothes
- Resistant to water entering
- Transitive Verb
- To make resistant to water entering
C2Morewavelength
US /ˈwevˌlɛŋkθ, -ˌlɛŋθ/
UK /'weɪvleŋθ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- To have similar feelings
- The size of a wave
C1Moreweird
US /wɪrd/
UK /wɪəd/
- Adjective
- Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
- Eerily strange or disturbing.
B1Morewhoa
US /woʊ/
UK /wəʊ/
- Interjection
- Tell someone to do something more slowly
- An exclamation of surprise, amazement, or shock.
C1More
Vocabulary
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- on cue: At exactly the moment expected or required.
- think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
- pull on: To put on a piece of clothing quickly and easily.
- swap out: To replace something with something else.
- except for: Not including; excluding.
- see through: To realize the truth about
- red hot: Extremely hot; heated to a point of glowing red.
- to the touch: When tested or sensed by physical contact.
- on the table: Located on the surface of a table.
- carve out: To create or obtain something through effort or skill.
- inside of: Within; in the inner part of.
- to the power of: Indicating exponentiation in math; repeated multiplication.
- pass through: To experience something, often unpleasant or difficult.
- on average: Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
- break apart: To separate into pieces; disintegrate.
- instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
- for example: As an illustration or instance.
- weird: Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
- critical: Making a negative judgment of something
- material: Cloth; fabric
- basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- structure: The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- experiment: Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
- expect: To believe something is probably going to happen
- solid: Being able to be trusted; reliable
- crack: Attempt to achieve a goal or objective
- pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
- fluid: A material that can easily flow, e.g. water
- bet: To gamble money to win more money, e.g. on horses
- affect: To cause a change in something else
- cue: Word or action in a play to tell an actor to speak
- vessel: Container, such as a cup, for holding liquids
- surface: To give (road) a top layer
- transparent: Being open to see and to public criticism
- dense: Very thick and difficult to see, get through
- effect: An advantage, benefit
- result: Something produced through tests or experiments
- swap: To exchange goods without spending money; trade
- pretty: Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- mass: Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
- break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
- alcohol: A colorless liquid that can catch fire (C2H5OH)
- reduce: To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- tilt: To change to a newly preferred idea or opinion
- slight: Small (amount, quality)
- bottom: The part of your body you sit on
- dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
- flame: To glow
- kind: In a caring and helpful manner
- liquid: (Of wealth) being able to be spent as cash
- piece: A counter in a board game
- skeleton: Structure of bones that supports the body
- flood: To quickly appear unexpectedly and in volume
- particle: Adverb or preposition that joins with a verb
- point: An item to be discussed
- melt: To disappear or to go away
- thermal: Item of warm clothing for cold weather use
- scatter: To throw or move into various different directions
- pull: Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
- ultra: Prefix that denotes a lot of something; extreme
- remove: To get rid of something completely
- insulation: Material that is used to prevent heat, etc. passing
- peanut: Edible small nut which grows under the ground
- travel: To go to a place that is far away
- light: To cause something to burn; put a burning match to
- opaque: Hard to see through; cloudy
- touch: To affect feelings, especially by causing sympathy
- gel: Thick substance, similar to jelly
- porous: With many tiny holes so liquid, etc. passes through
- rover: Someone who leads a wandering unsettled life
- long: Person's name
- put: To move or place a thing in a particular position
- warm: To become more friendly or to like something
- wavelength: To have similar feelings
- waterproof: That keeps water out, as of clothes
- solvent: Substance used to dissolve or melt others
- jelly: Semisolid food substance, eaten as dessert
- semi: A prefix meaning 'half'
- amorphous: Without shape
- sunset: Daily disappearance of the sun
- whoa: Tell someone to do something more slowly
- smoke: To give off a cloud of grey gas from burning
- stardust: Dreamy romantic or sentimental quality
- nano: Concerning 1/1000,000th
- rubbery: Having an elastic texture resembling rubber
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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Yvonne posted on 2026/07/28Ever wondered about the world's lightest solid? This video dives into the amazing properties of aerogel, showing you how it's made and why it's such an incredible thermal insulator with a super cool chocolate-melting experiment! You'll pick up fascinating science vocabulary and get a close look at this almost-invisible material.
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