Vocabulary

  • on to: Toward something; forward
  • interact with
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • pick up on: To notice or become aware of something that is not obvious.
  • lead to: To result in some action
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • coping mechanism: A psychological strategy used to manage stress or emotional distress.
  • for instance: As an example.
  • in person: Physically present; not by proxy or remotely.
  • weed out: To remove or get rid of people or things that are not wanted
  • grow up: To develop from a child into an adult
  • set up
  • compulsory education: Education that is required by law to be attended by all children.
  • know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
  • check out
  • vulnerable: Being open to attack or damage
  • anxiety: A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something that might happen, especially when the outcome is uncertain.
  • perceive: To notice or become aware of something
  • perception: Way in which one sees or understands something
  • struggle: To try very hard to do something difficult
  • depression: Medical condition of a lack of vitality
  • alternative: Something different you can choose
  • trauma: A very severe or upsetting experience
  • devastating: To cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly
  • experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
  • prone: Lying flat with your head facing the ground
  • poverty: State of being poor
  • reinforce: To send more troops/resources to support an army
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • traumatic: Causing upsetting emotional effects over time
  • interact: To talk or do things with each other
  • express: To send something by fast mail
  • emotional: Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
  • substance: Essence of; most basic or central qualities
  • stress: To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • burden: To weigh down with a load; impose a task upon
  • initial: First letter of your given name
  • cope: To deal with something in spite of difficulties
  • indigenous: Being naturally from an area, not somewhere else
  • absorb: To take up all attention / energy of something
  • inherent: Existing as an essential part of
  • affect: To cause a change in something else
  • mechanism: Part of a machine that performs a certain function
  • abuse: To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
  • alter: To change so (clothing) fits better
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • addiction: Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
  • behavior: The way a person or thing acts; manner
  • distinguish: To make something clearly different from others
  • adopt: To legally take a child into your family
  • identity: Collection of qualities that makes a person
  • strip: To remove your clothes (often sexily for someone)
  • vicious: Very dangerous, e.g. an animal or dog
  • peer: A noble, but not royal, person, e.g. lord or duke
  • rotten: Gone bad; broken into pieces through dying
  • suggest: To mention something that could be done; propose
  • learn: To get knowledge or skills by study or experience
  • weed: (Childish use) to urinate; go to the bathroom
  • continue: To do something without stopping, or after pausing
  • prepare: To make something ready for use
  • deep: Complex and important
  • compulsory: Required by the rules; that you cannot avoid doing
  • dictionary: Book with the spellings and meanings of many words
  • check: Paper showing how much you owe at a restaurant
  • assimilate: To adapt and become part of a new culture
  • relentlessly: Continuing without slowing or losing strength
  • firsthand: Received directly from a source
  • molecular: About or caused by molecules
  • detachment: Feeling of not being personally involved
  • visit: To go to a place for a time, usually for a reason
  • man: Humans in general, including male and female
  • face: To cover a surface with something like paint
  • holocaust: Act of mass destruction and loss of life in a war
  • ingrain: To be deeply attached or fixed in
  • formative: Having a long-term effect; giving form or shape
  • distrust: Feeling of having no faith in a person/thing
  • sociological: Concerning the study of society and social issues
  • grandfather: Your mother's or father's father
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • absorb

      US /əbˈsɔrb, -ˈzɔrb/

      UK /əb'sɔ:b/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To take up all attention / energy of something
      • To take in a liquid; soak up
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • abuse

      US /əˈbjuz/

      UK /ə'bju:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
      • To use in an inappropriate or excessive way
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Improper/dishonest/excessive use of something
      • Insulting someone, e.g. by swearing at them
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • addiction

      US /əˈdɪkʃən/

      UK /əˈdɪkʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Lack of control the overuse of something e.g. drugs
      • A compulsive physiological need for a habit-forming substance.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • adopt

      US /əˈdɑ:pt/

      UK /əˈdɒpt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To legally take a child into your family
      • To take on responsibility for something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • affect

      US /əˈfɛkt/

      UK /ə'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • To pretend to have or feel (something).
      • Noun
      • (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • alter

      US /ˈɔltɚ/

      UK /ˈɔ:ltə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change so (clothing) fits better
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change or modify something.
      • To become different; to change.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • alternative

      US /ɔlˈtɚnətɪv, æl-/

      UK /ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv/

      • Countable Noun
      • Something different you can choose
      • Adjective
      • A different choice
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • anxiety

      US /æŋˈzaɪɪti/

      UK /æŋ'zaɪətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something that might happen, especially when the outcome is uncertain.
      B1
      More
    • assimilate

      US /əˈsɪməˌlet/

      UK /ə'sɪməleɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To adapt and become part of a new culture
      • To absorb and integrate new information
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • burden

      US /ˈbɚdn/

      UK /'bɜ:dn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To weigh down with a load; impose a task upon
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something difficult to do, manage, or accept
      • Something that is carried with difficulty; an oppressive load.
      B1
      More
    • check out

      US /tʃɛk aʊt/

      UK /tʃek aut/

      • Phrase
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To find out information about something
      • To take books out of a library
      A1
      More
    • compulsory

      US /kəmˈpʌlsəri/

      UK /kəmˈpʌlsəri/

      • Adjective
      • Required by the rules; that you cannot avoid doing
      B2
      More
    • compulsory education

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • Education that is required by law to be attended by all children.
      B1
      More
    • cope

      US /koʊp/

      UK /kəʊp/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To deal with something in spite of difficulties
      A2
      More
    • coping mechanism

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A psychological strategy used to manage stress or emotional distress.
      B2
      More
    • depression

      US /dɪˈprɛʃən/

      UK /dɪ'preʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Medical condition of a lack of vitality
      • Period of unemployment and low economic activity
      B2
      More
    • detachment

      US /dɪ'tætʃmənt/

      UK /dɪ'tætʃmənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Feeling of not being personally involved
      • Separating something from another larger thing
      • Countable Noun
      • (Of soldiers) a group separated from the main unit
      B2
      More
    • devastating

      US

      UK

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly
      • Adjective
      • Destroying everything; very shocking
      • Causing great emotional pain or shock.
      B1
      More
    • distinguish

      US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

      UK /dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something clearly different from others
      • To make noticeable or different; to set apart.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • distrust

      US /dɪsˈtrʌst/

      UK /dɪs'trʌst/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Feeling of having no faith in a person/thing
      • Transitive Verb
      • To not trust someone or something
      B2
      More
    • emotional

      US /ɪˈmoʃənəl/

      UK /ɪˈməʊʃənl/

      • Adjective
      • Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
      • Relating to or characterized by emotion
      A2
      More
    • firsthand

      US /'fɜ:st'hænd/

      UK /'fɜ:st'hænd/

      • Adjective
      • Received directly from a source
      C1
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for instance

      US /fɔr ˈɪnstəns/

      UK /fɔ: ˈinstəns/

      • Adverb
      • As an example.
      • Phrase
      • As an example.
      • As an illustration or case in point
      B1
      More
    • formative

      US /ˈfɔ:rmətɪv/

      UK /ˈfɔ:mətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Having a long-term effect; giving form or shape
      B2
      More
    • grandfather

      US /ˈɡrændˌfɑðɚ, ˈɡræn-/

      UK /'ɡrænfɑ:ðə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • Your mother's or father's father
      B2
      More
    • grow up

      US /ɡro ʌp/

      UK /ɡrəu ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To develop from a child into an adult
      A1
      More
    • identity

      US /aɪˈdɛntɪti/

      UK /aɪ'dentətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Collection of qualities that makes a person
      • Who someone is; the name of a person
      B1
      More
    • in person

      US /ɪn ˈpɜːrsn/

      UK /in ˈpɜːsn/

      • Adverb
      • Physically present; not by proxy or remotely.
      • Face-to-face; not through electronic communication.
      A1
      More
    • indigenous

      US /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/

      UK /ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/

      • Adjective
      • Being naturally from an area, not somewhere else
      • Relating to the people who are native to a particular region.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous peoples.
      • The original inhabitants of a particular region or country.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • ingrain

      US /ɪn'greɪn/

      UK /'ɪn'greɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To be deeply attached or fixed in
      C2
      More
    • inherent

      US /ɪnˈhɪrənt/

      UK /ɪnˈhɪərənt/

      • Adjective
      • Existing as an essential part of
      • Involved in the constitution or essential character of something.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • initial

      US /ɪˈnɪʃəl/

      UK /ɪ'nɪʃl/

      • Noun
      • First letter of your given name
      • The beginning or commencement of something.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To authorize something by writing your initials
      • To mark or sign with one's initials.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • interact

      US /ˌɪntɚˈækt/

      UK /ˌɪntər'ækt/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To talk or do things with each other
      A2
      More
    • interact with

      US /ˌɪntɚˈækt wɪð/

      UK /ˌɪntərˈækt wið/

      • Phrase
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To engage in communication or action involving mutual or reciprocal influence.
      • To use a computer interface to achieve a specific goal.
      A2
      More
    • know about

      US /noʊ əˈbaʊt/

      UK /nəʊ əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
      More
    • lead to

      US /lid tu/

      UK /li:d tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To result in some action
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have something as a consequence or result.
      A1
      More
    • mechanism

      US /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/

      UK /'mekənɪzəm/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Part of a machine that performs a certain function
      • System or process for achieving a certain result
      B1
      More
    • molecular

      US /məˈlɛkjəlɚ/

      UK /mə'lekjələ(r)/

      • Adjective
      • About or caused by molecules
      B2
      More
    • on to

      US /ɑn tu/

      UK /ɔn tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Toward something; forward
      • Aware of someone's activities.
      • Adjective
      • Aware of someone's deception or illegal activities.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • peer

      US /pɪr/

      UK /pɪə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A noble, but not royal, person, e.g. lord or duke
      • Person of the same age, class or situation
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To look closely and carefully, as if hard to see
      B2
      More
    • perceive

      US /pɚˈsiv/

      UK /pə'si:v/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To notice or become aware of something
      • To think of someone or something in a certain way
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • perception

      US /pɚˈsɛpʃən/

      UK /pəˈsepʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Way in which one sees or understands something
      • The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
      B1
      More
    • pick up on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To notice or become aware of something that is not obvious.
      • To learn something by watching or listening to other people.
      A1
      More
    • poverty

      US /ˈpɑvəti/

      UK /ˈpɔvəti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of being poor
      • Lack of something necessary
      B1
      More
    • prone

      US /proʊn/

      UK /prəʊn/

      • Adjective
      • Lying flat with your head facing the ground
      • Likely to have, do or be (usually something bad)
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • reinforce

      US /ˌri:ɪnˈfɔ:rs/

      UK /ˌri:ɪnˈfɔ:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To send more troops/resources to support an army
      • To encourage or strengthen an idea or feeling
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • relentlessly

      US /rɪˈlɛntlɪslɪ/

      UK /rɪ'lentləslɪ/

      • Adverb
      • Continuing without slowing or losing strength
      • In a harsh or inflexible manner; without ceasing.
      C1
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rotten

      US /ˈrɑtn/

      UK /'rɒtn/

      • Adjective
      • Gone bad; broken into pieces through dying
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • set up

      US /sɛt ʌp/

      UK /set ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make arrangements for something; establish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrange or prepare something for use.
      • To start a business, organization, etc.
      A1
      More
    • sociological

      US /ˌsoʊsɪr'lɒdʒɪkl/

      UK /ˌsəʊsɪə'lɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the study of society and social issues
      B2
      More
    • stress

      US / strɛs/

      UK /stres/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
      • To put pressure on something or someone
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Emphasis on part of a word or sentence
      • Pressure on something or someone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • strip

      US /strɪp/

      UK /strɪp/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To remove your clothes (often sexily for someone)
      • To remove something, e.g. paint from a wall
      • Countable Noun
      • Long narrow piece, such as ribbon or land
      B1
      More
    • struggle

      US /ˈstrʌɡəl/

      UK /'strʌɡl/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try very hard to do something difficult
      • To fight or struggle violently
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Strong efforts made to do something difficult
      • A difficult or challenging situation or task
      A2
      More
    • substance

      US /ˈsʌbstəns/

      UK /'sʌbstəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Essence of; most basic or central qualities
      • Particular type of material
      A2
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • trauma

      US /ˈtraʊmə/

      UK /'trɔ:mə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A very severe or upsetting experience
      • Serious injury to part of the body
      B2
      More
    • traumatic

      US /traʊˈmætɪk/

      UK /trɔ:ˈmætɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Causing upsetting emotional effects over time
      • Causing an injury
      B2
      More
    • vicious

      US /ˈvɪʃəs/

      UK /'vɪʃəs/

      • Adjective
      • Very dangerous, e.g. an animal or dog
      • Being very mean or violent
      B1
      More
    • vulnerable

      US /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/

      UK /ˈvʌlnərəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Being open to attack or damage
      • Being easily harmed, hurt, or wounded
      B1
      More
    • weed

      US /wid/

      UK /wi:d/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Childish use) to urinate; go to the bathroom
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Marijuana
      C1
      More
    • weed out

      US /wid aʊt/

      UK /wi:d aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To remove or get rid of people or things that are not wanted
      C2
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B2
    #trauma#emotional#epigenetic#generation#coping#abuse

    Inherited Pain: The Science of Generational Trauma

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2025/06/17
    Ever wondered how past generations' experiences can shape us today? This video dives into the fascinating science of transgenerational trauma and epigenetics, explaining complex ideas with clear language. You'll pick up advanced vocabulary and gain a deeper understanding of cultural depth, making it a fantastic watch for curious minds!

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