Name: 【TED】Mary Lou Jepsen: How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains (How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains | Mary Lou Jepsen)
Uploaded: 2018-08-24T16:31:00.000Z
Duration: 16 min 51 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

that red light and benign near-infrared light

Adverbs of degree

go right through your hand, just like this.

This fact could enable better, faster and cheaper health care.

I'm going to show you how we use this key and a couple of other keys

to see deep inside our bodies and brains.

You see this laser pointer and the spot it makes on my hand?

if we could bring the lights down, please --

But you can no longer see that laser spot.

That's because the light spreads out, it scatters.

I need you to understand what scattering is,

and see deep inside our bodies and brains.

So, I've got a piece of chicken back here.

It's got the same optical properties as human flesh.

So, here's the chicken ... putting it on the light.

Can you see, the light goes right through?

I also implanted a tumor in that chicken.

Mary Lou Jepsen: So this means, using red light and infrared light,

When I throw another piece of chicken on it,

So we have to do something about the scatter

A technology I spent the early part of my career on

And it won the Nobel Prize in physics in the 70s,

because of the fantastic things it enables you to do with light.

It captures all of the light, all of the rays, all of the photons

at all of the positions and all of the angles, simultaneously.

To see what we can do with holography ...

Look at these marbles bouncing off of the barriers,

as an analogy to light being scattered by our bodies.

As the marbles get to the bottom of the scattering maze,

they're chaotic, they're scattering and bouncing everywhere.

If we record a hologram at the bottom inside of the screen,

we can record the position and angle of each marble exiting the maze.

And then we can bring in marbles from below

and have the hologram direct each marble to exactly the right position and angle,

such as they emerge in a line at the top of the scatter matrix.

This is optically similar to human brain.

because green light is brighter to your eyes than red or infrared,

So we're going to put a hologram in front of this brain

and make a stream of light come out of it.

We just made a brain lase of densely scattering tissue.

Seems impossible, no one's done this before,

you're the first public audience to ever see this.

What this means is that we can focus deep into tissue.

Holography enabling de-scattering is the second key

to enable us to see deep inside of our bodies and brains.

"Sounds good, but what about skull and bones?

How are you going to see through the brain without seeing through bone?"

But we treat this skull with great respect at our lab and here at TED.

So we can go through skull and bones and flesh with just red light.

Gamma rays and X-rays do that, too, but they cause tumors.

So, using that, I'm going to come back here

and show you something more useful than making a brain lase.

We challenged ourselves to see how fine we could focus through brain tissue.

it was such a fine focus, we put a bare camera die in front of it.

【TED】Mary Lou Jepsen: How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains (How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains | Mary Lou Jepsen)

Subtitles ListPlay Video

【TED】Mary Lou Jepsen: How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains (How we can use light to see deep inside our bodies and brains | Mary Lou Jepsen)

extraordinary

slightly

simultaneously

audience