advocate
US /ˈædvəˌket/
UK /'ædvəkeɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A lawyer who protects a clients interests
- Person who supports a movement for changes
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To request change
- To publicly support a belief
B1TOEICMorearchitecture
US /ˈɑrkɪˌtɛktʃɚ/
UK /ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- Design and construction of buildings
- The style or design of a building or buildings.
A2Moreas for
US /æz fɔr/
UK /æz fɔ:/
- Preposition
- Concerning; regarding.
- Phrase
- Used to introduce a new topic or aspect of a subject.
A1Moreat night
US /æt naɪt/
UK /æt nait/
- Phrase
- During the night; in the nighttime.
A1Moreattempt
US /əˈtɛmpt/
UK /ə'tempt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To try to do something challenging or difficult
- Noun
- Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
A2TOEICMoreattention
US /əˈtɛnʃən/
UK /əˈtenʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Taking notice of someone or something
- Noun
- (Soldiers) Standing with straight backs
A2TOEICMorebookstore
US /ˈbʊkˌstɔr, -ˌstor/
UK /'bʊkstɔ:(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Shop where books are sold
B2Morebrand
US /brænd/
UK /brænd/
- Noun
- A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
- Product made or designed by a named company
- Transitive Verb
- To burn a mark on an animal to show who owns it
- To describe someone as a liar, coward, etc.
A2TOEICMoreconcept
US /ˈkɑnˌsɛpt/
UK /'kɒnsept/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Abstract idea of something or how it works
- A plan or intention; a conception.
A2TOEICMorecozy
US /ˈkozi/
UK /'kəʊzɪ/
- Adjective
- Comfortable, warm, pleasant, and often, small
B1Moredecline
US /dɪˈklaɪn/
UK /dɪ'klaɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To bend towards the ground
- To slope downward.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To lessen in quality or value
A2TOEICMoredestruction
US /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/
UK /dɪ'strʌkʃn/
- Noun
- Act of destroying; damaging beyond repair
- The state of being destroyed or ruined.
B1TOEICMoredeter
US /dɪˈtə:/
UK /dɪˈtɜ:(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To stop people doing a thing; stop from happening
B2TOEICMoredilemma
US /dɪˈlɛmə/
UK /dɪ'lemə/
- Noun
- Position in which you must make difficult choices
- An argument forcing an opponent to choose between two unfavorable alternatives.
B1Morediscomfort
US /dɪsˈkʌmfərt/
UK /dɪsˈkʌmfət/
- Transitive Verb
- To cause to feel uncomfortable or not at ease
- Uncountable Noun
- Feelings of being uncomfortable or uneasy
B2Moredynamic
US /daiˈnæmik/
UK /daɪˈnæmɪk/
- Adjective
- Always active or energetic; getting things done
B1TOEICMoreenhance
US /ɛnˈhæns/
UK /ɪn'hɑ:ns/
- Transitive Verb
- To improve; make bigger or better
B1TOEICMoreevery kind of
US
UK
- Determiner
- Each and all types of something; all varieties of.
- A wide assortment or range of something.
A1Morehostile
US /ˈhɑstəl, -ˌtaɪl/
UK /ˈhɔstail/
- Adjective
- Unwelcoming; showing ill will, as to an enemy
- Very difficult to live due to harsh conditions
B1Morein mind
US /ɪn maɪnd/
UK /in maind/
- Phrase
- Being aware of or considering something.
- To remember or consider something.
A2Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
A1Moreinclusive
US /ɪnˈklusɪv/
UK /ɪnˈklu:sɪv/
- Adjective
- Covering or including everything
B2TOEICMoreinfluence
US / ˈɪnfluəns/
UK /'ɪnflʊəns/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To affect or change something indirectly
- To persuade someone to do something.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The power to affect what happens, to persuade etc.
- A person or thing that affects someone or something in an important way.
A2TOEICMoreinitiative
US /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
UK /ɪ'nɪʃətɪv/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
- New plan or idea that is meant to fix a problem
B1TOEICMoreinnovative
US /ˈɪnəˌvetɪv/
UK /'ɪnəveɪtɪv/
- Adjective
- Having or using new methods or ideas
B1Morelean
US /lin/
UK /li:n/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To balance against or on something for support
- To have a tendency to do something; favor
- Adjective
- Having a low fat content
- Efficient; well-designed with no waste
A2Moreleft out
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To forget; omit
- To exclude someone or something; to not include.
A1Moremock
US /mɑk/
UK /mɒk/
- Transitive Verb
- To laugh at someone or something in an unkind way
- Adjective
- Not genuine or real, but attempting to appear so
B1Morepopulation
US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/
UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
- A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
A2TOEICMorepresence
US /ˈprɛzəns/
UK /ˈprezns/
- Noun
- The same place or area that a person is
- Ability to reach a market, group of people etc.
A2Moreprevent
US /prɪˈvɛnt/
UK /prɪ'vent/
- Transitive Verb
- To stop something from happening or existing
A2TOEICMoreproperty
US /ˈprɑpəti/
UK /'prɒpətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Particular quality that someone or something has
- Buildings or piece of land owned by someone
A2TOEICMorereduction
US /rɪˈdʌkʃən/
UK /rɪ'dʌkʃn/
- Noun
- Act of making something smaller
B1Moreregular
US /ˈrɛɡjəlɚ/
UK /ˈregjələ(r)/
- Adjective
- Having an equal amount of space or time in between
- Occurring or being done frequently
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Customers who frequently visit a place
- Soldier who has a permanent job in the army
A2TOEICMoreschool of thought
US
UK
- Noun
- A particular philosophy or set of beliefs; a way of thinking.
- A particular approach or method.
B1Moresecurity
US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/
UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/
- Noun
- Department in a company in charge of protection
- Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
A2TOEICMoreshelter
US /ˈʃɛltɚ/
UK /'ʃeltə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Place to protect people/animals from abuse
- Structure that covers or protects things
- Transitive Verb
- To give animals, people a place away from abuse
- To find protection from danger/bad weather
B1Moresidewalk
US /ˈsaɪdˌwɔk/
UK /ˈsaɪdwɔ:k/
- Countable Noun
- Paved area for pedestrians, usually beside a road
C2Morestiff
US /stɪf/
UK /stɪf/
- Noun
- Slang term for a dead body
- Adjective
- Frozen still due to fear or anger
- Not able to be bent
B1Moresurface
US /ˈsɚfəs/
UK /'sɜ:fɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To give (road) a top layer
- Intransitive Verb
- To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
- To come to the top of something; emerge
A2TOEICMoreurban
US /ˈɚbən/
UK /'ɜ:bən/
- Adjective
- Concerning a city; located in a city
- Relating to the style of dress and music popular in cities.
B1TOEICMoreviable
US /ˈvaɪəbəl/
UK /ˈvaɪəbl/
- Adjective
- Being capable of living, growing, and developing
B1TOEICMore
Vocabulary
- in mind: Being aware of or considering something.
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- every kind of: Each and all types of something; all varieties of.
- school of thought: A particular philosophy or set of beliefs; a way of thinking.
- at night: During the night; in the nighttime.
- as for: Concerning; regarding.
- left out: To forget; omit
- term: Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
- concept: Abstract idea of something or how it works
- initiative: Ability to come up with solutions by yourself
- experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
- presence: The same place or area that a person is
- attempt: To try to do something challenging or difficult
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- dynamic: Always active or energetic; getting things done
- decline: To bend towards the ground
- advocate: A lawyer who protects a clients interests
- property: Particular quality that someone or something has
- influence: To affect or change something indirectly
- prevent: To stop something from happening or existing
- brand: A mark burned on an animal to show who owns it
- cozy: Comfortable, warm, pleasant, and often, small
- lean: To balance against or on something for support
- dilemma: Position in which you must make difficult choices
- mean: Average of a set of numbers
- regular: Having an equal amount of space or time in between
- shelter: Place to protect people/animals from abuse
- similar: Nearly the same; alike
- behavior: The way a person or thing acts; manner
- surface: To give (road) a top layer
- attention: Taking notice of someone or something
- population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
- architecture: Design and construction of buildings
- security: Department in a company in charge of protection
- innovative: Having or using new methods or ideas
- stiff: Slang term for a dead body
- enhance: To improve; make bigger or better
- deter: To stop people doing a thing; stop from happening
- urban: Concerning a city; located in a city
- viable: Being capable of living, growing, and developing
- hostile: Unwelcoming; showing ill will, as to an enemy
- appear: To be seen, become visible; come into sight
- reduction: Act of making something smaller
- mock: To laugh at someone or something in an unkind way
- destruction: Act of destroying; damaging beyond repair
- century: Period of 100 years
- prefer: To like something better than something else
- public: Owned by the government
- detail: Small part of something; tiny fact
- point: An item to be discussed
- fill: To make something full
- drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
- change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
- discomfort: To cause to feel uncomfortable or not at ease
- sidewalk: Paved area for pedestrians, usually beside a road
- inclusive: Covering or including everything
- bookstore: Shop where books are sold
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Why cities are full of uncomfortable benches
0
Evangeline posted on 2021/03/04Ever wondered why those park benches are so darn uncomfortable? This video dives into the fascinating world of 'defensive design' in cities like New York, explaining how public spaces are intentionally designed to discourage certain behaviors. You'll pick up some cool vocabulary about urban planning and social issues while getting a cultural deep dive!
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