Vocabulary

  • on to: Toward something; forward
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
  • have to: Must do
  • work on: To devote effort to improve or develop something
  • next to: Being located along side another
  • in time: Eventually; after a period of time.
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • build on: To develop or expand something; to use something as a foundation for further progress.
  • first up: Firstly; to begin with; the first item on a list or agenda.
  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • back then: At that time in the past.
  • of all time: The best or most significant in history.
  • in the air: Present or circulating in the atmosphere.
  • in hand: In one's possession or control.
  • with it: Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
  • on board: Being on a ship, plane, or other vehicle
  • think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
  • in general: Typically; usually; on the whole.
  • in with: Fashionable or popular at the moment.
  • pass out: To distribute or hand out papers to people
  • wake up: To stop sleeping
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • in theory: According to the stated ideas or principles
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • gain traction: To become popular or gain support.
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • new level: A higher or improved stage of achievement or quality.
  • level with: To be honest and straightforward with someone; to tell someone the truth.
  • in a nutshell: As a summary; including the main points concisely
  • at risk: In danger; likely to be harmed
  • come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
  • third one: The item that is in the third position in a sequence.
  • time: Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • common: Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
  • people: Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • life: All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • work: The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • immune: Having a special protection from, e.g. the law
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • disease: Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
  • experiment: Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
  • start: First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • influence: To affect or change something indirectly
  • theory: Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
  • science: Study of the physical world, based on facts
  • scientific: Concerning academic study of the physical world
  • strain: To remove the water from (food) using a colander
  • bear: To accept (responsibilities or duties)
  • wind: A current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt
  • begin: To do the first part of an action; to start
  • bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • vaccine: Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
  • prove: To demonstrate truth by providing evidence
  • spoil: To damage something, usually by treating it poorly
  • scientist: Person who is trained in a science
  • infection: (Computers) Having a computer virus
  • spontaneous: Happening on its own, without anyone helping it
  • name: What something or someone is called
  • die: Cube with dots numbering 1-6 on it used in games
  • virus: File secretly put on computers to cause harm
  • include: To make someone, something part of a group
  • acid: Sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon
  • protect: To defend someone or something from harm or danger
  • germ: Tiny organism that can cause sickness and disease
  • spontaneously: In a sudden, unplanned way
  • prestigious: Respected as being important and with high status
  • air: Mixture of gases around the earth that we breathe
  • isolate: To identify, consider, or deal with separately
  • save: To make your computer keep a file
  • decay: To be slowly destroyed by natural processes; rot
  • protocol: Written agreement between countries
  • wine: Dark red color
  • broth: Liquid or soup that meat, etc. has been cooked in
  • surgeon: A doctor who performs surgery
  • neck: Part of the body joining the head and the body
  • influenza: Full name for the 'flu'
  • surgical: Of or relating to surgery or operations
  • mid: At (or near) the middle point
  • infect: To introduce a computer virus to
  • vaccination: Type of injection to prevent getting a disease
  • flask: Narrow-necked drink container
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    • acid

      US /ˈæsɪd/

      UK /ˈæsɪd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon
      A2
      More
    • at risk

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • In danger; likely to be harmed
      More
    • back then

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • At that time in the past.
      A1
      More
    • bacteria

      US /bækˈtɪriə/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪə/

      • Noun (plural)
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • bear

      US /bɛr/

      UK /bɛː/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To accept (responsibilities or duties)
      • To give birth to a child; to produce fruit
      • Countable Noun
      • Large brown animal with fur that lives in forests
      • Someone who expects stock market to fall
      A2
      More
    • broth

      US /brɔθ, brɑθ/

      UK /brɒθ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Liquid or soup that meat, etc. has been cooked in
      B2
      More
    • build on

      US /bɪld ɑn/

      UK /bild ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To develop or expand something; to use something as a foundation for further progress.
      • To use something as a base or foundation for further development or success.
      A2
      More
    • come up with

      US /kʌm ʌp wɪð/

      UK /kʌm ʌp wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To think of an idea or solution; produce
      A1
      More
    • decay

      US /dɪˈke/

      UK /dɪˈkeɪ/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be slowly destroyed by natural processes; rot
      • To lose health or strength
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Slow loss of physical or mental health
      B1
      More
    • disease

      US /dɪˈziz/

      UK /dɪˈzi:z/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
      • A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • experiment

      US /ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/

      UK /ɪk'sperɪmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
      • A course of action tentatively adopted without being sure of the eventual outcome.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To create and perform tests to research something
      • To try something new that you haven't tried before
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • first up

      US /fɚst ʌp/

      UK /fə:st ʌp/

      • Phrase
      • Firstly; to begin with; the first item on a list or agenda.
      A1
      More
    • flask

      US /flæsk/

      UK /flɑ:sk/

      • Countable Noun
      • Narrow-necked drink container
      C1
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • gain traction

      US

      UK

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To become popular or gain support.
      B1
      More
    • germ

      US /dʒɚm/

      UK /dʒɜ:m/

      • Countable Noun
      • Tiny organism that can cause sickness and disease
      B2
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • immune

      US /ɪˈmjoon/

      UK /ɪˈmju:n/

      • Adjective
      • Having a special protection from, e.g. the law
      • Protected against a particular disease or condition because of antibodies or vaccination.
      B1
      More
    • in a nutshell

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As a summary; including the main points concisely
      C2
      More
    • in fact

      US /ɪn fækt/

      UK /in fækt/

      • Adverb
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
      • Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
      C1
      More
    • in general

      US /ɪn ˈdʒɛnərəl/

      UK /in ˈdʒenərəl/

      • Phrase
      • Typically; usually; on the whole.
      • Not specific or detailed; broadly.
      • Adjective
      • Not detailed or specific; overall.
      C2
      More
    • in hand

      US /ɪn hænd/

      UK /in hænd/

      • Phrase
      • In one's possession or control.
      More
    • in the air

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Present or circulating in the atmosphere.
      • Felt or sensed by many people; circulating as a rumor or feeling.
      • Adjective
      • Being broadcast on radio or television.
      A1
      More
    • in theory

      US /ɪn ˈθiəri/

      UK /in ˈθiəri/

      • Adverb
      • According to the stated ideas or principles
      • Phrase
      • According to the theoretical possibilities rather than actual practice.
      B2
      More
    • in time

      US /ɪn taɪm/

      UK /in taim/

      • Adverb
      • Eventually; after a period of time.
      • Not late; with enough time to spare.
      • Phrase
      • Eventually; before it is too late.
      • According to the scheduled time; punctual.
      A1
      More
    • in with

      US /ɪn wɪð/

      UK /in wið/

      • Phrase
      • Fashionable or popular at the moment.
      • Having influence or favor with someone.
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To introduce or bring something new into a system or organization.
      A1
      More
    • infect

      US /ɪnˈfɛkt/

      UK /ɪn'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To introduce a computer virus to
      • To give a disease, bacteria or virus to
      B1
      More
    • infection

      US /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/

      UK /ɪnˈfekʃn/

      • Noun
      • (Computers) Having a computer virus
      • Making or becoming sick with a bacteria/virus
      A2
      More
    • influence

      US / ˈɪnfluəns/

      UK /'ɪnflʊəns/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To affect or change something indirectly
      • To persuade someone to do something.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The power to affect what happens, to persuade etc.
      • A person or thing that affects someone or something in an important way.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • influenza

      US /ˌɪnflʊ'enzə/

      UK /ˌɪnfluˈenzə/

      • Noun
      • Full name for the 'flu'
      B2
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • isolate

      US /ˈaɪsəˌlet/

      UK /ˈaɪsəleɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To identify, consider, or deal with separately
      • To keep in a place or situation apart from others
      B1
      More
    • level with

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be honest and straightforward with someone; to tell someone the truth.
      A2
      More
    • mid

      US /mɪd/

      UK /mɪd/

      • Adjective
      • At (or near) the middle point
      B2
      More
    • neck

      US /nɛk/

      UK /nek/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Part of the body joining the head and the body
      • Opening of a piece of clothing for your head
      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Lovers) to play affectionately; kissing
      A2
      More
    • new level

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A higher or improved stage of achievement or quality.
      • A different or more advanced degree of expertise or understanding.
      A1
      More
    • next to

      US /nɛkst tu/

      UK /nekst tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Being located along side another
      • In comparison with
      • Adverb
      • Almost; nearly
      A1
      More
    • of all time

      US /ʌv ɔl taɪm/

      UK /ɔv ɔ:l taim/

      • Adjective
      • The best or most significant in history.
      • Phrase
      • Ever; in all of history.
      A1
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • on board

      US /ɑn bɔrd/

      UK /ɔn bɔ:d/

      • Phrase
      • Being on a ship, plane, or other vehicle
      • Adverb
      • On or in a ship, aircraft, train, or other vehicle
      A1
      More
    • on to

      US /ɑn tu/

      UK /ɔn tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Toward something; forward
      • Aware of someone's activities.
      • Adjective
      • Aware of someone's deception or illegal activities.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • pass out

      US /pæs aʊt/

      UK /pɑ:s aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To distribute or hand out papers to people
      • To faint; lose consciousness
      A1
      More
    • prestigious

      US /prɛˈstidʒəs, -ˈstɪdʒəs/

      UK /preˈstɪdʒəs/

      • Adjective
      • Respected as being important and with high status
      B2
      More
    • protocol

      US /ˈprotəˌkɔl, -ˌkol, -ˌkɑl/

      UK /'prəʊtəkɒl/

      • Noun
      • Written agreement between countries
      • Set of rules computers use to exchange data
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • prove

      US /pruv/

      UK /pru:v/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To demonstrate truth by providing evidence
      • To test the quality or worth of something.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To turn out to be; be found to be.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • science

      US /ˈsaɪəns/

      UK /'saɪəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Study of the physical world, based on facts
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • scientific

      US /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

      UK /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning academic study of the physical world
      • Systematic and precise, following a methodology.
      • Noun
      • Relating to or used in science.
      A2
      More
    • scientist

      US /ˈsaɪəntɪst/

      UK /ˈsaɪəntɪst/

      • Countable Noun
      • Person who is trained in a science
      A2
      More
    • spoil

      US /spɔɪl/

      UK /spɔɪl/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To damage something, usually by treating it poorly
      • To overindulge and harm the character of a child
      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of food) to go bad
      A2
      More
    • spontaneous

      US /spɑnˈteniəs/

      UK /spɒnˈteɪniəs/

      • Adjective
      • Happening on its own, without anyone helping it
      B1
      More
    • spontaneously

      US /spɔnˈtenɪəslɪ/

      UK /spɒn'teɪnɪəslɪ/

      • Adverb
      • In a sudden, unplanned way
      B1
      More
    • strain

      US /stren/

      UK /streɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To remove the water from (food) using a colander
      • To injure a muscle, leg etc. by using it too much
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Injury to a muscle, leg etc. through overuse
      • Type or variation of a disease or bacillus
      B2
      More
    • surgeon

      US /ˈsɜrdʒən/

      UK /'sɜ:dʒən/

      • Countable Noun
      • A doctor who performs surgery
      B2
      More
    • surgical

      US /ˈsɜ:rdʒɪkl/

      UK /ˈsɜ:dʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Of or relating to surgery or operations
      B2
      More
    • theory

      US /ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri/

      UK /ˈθiəri/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
      • An idea or belief about something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • think of

      US /θɪŋk ʌv/

      UK /θiŋk ɔv/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To look on as (being something specific); consider
      • To consider or remember something.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To imagine or call something to mind
      A1
      More
    • third one

      US

      UK

      • Pronoun
      • The item that is in the third position in a sequence.
      • Noun
      • The third option or choice from a set of possibilities.
      A1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • vaccination

      US /ˌvæksəˈneʃən/

      UK /ˌvæksɪ'neɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Type of injection to prevent getting a disease
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • vaccine

      US /vækˈsin,ˈvækˌsin/

      UK /'væksi:n/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
      • A preparation of weakened or killed microorganisms, or of antigenic proteins derived from them, used to induce protective immunity in animals.
      B2
      More
    • virus

      US /ˈvaɪrəs/

      UK /'vaɪrəs/

      • Noun
      • File secretly put on computers to cause harm
      • Living organism that causes disease or sickness
      B1
      More
    • wake up

      US /wek ʌp/

      UK /weik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To stop sleeping
      • To become fully aware and alert to a situation.
      A1
      More
    • wine

      US /waɪn/

      UK /waɪn/

      • Adjective
      • Dark red color
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Alcoholic drink made from the juice of grapes
      A2
      More
    • with it

      US /wɪð ɪt/

      UK /wið it/

      • Adjective
      • Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
      • Understanding and knowledgeable about current trends or information.
      A1
      More
    • work on

      US /wɚk ɑn/

      UK /wə:k ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To devote effort to improve or develop something
      • To try to persuade or influence someone.
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B2UK
    #pasteur#germ#theory#surgeon#infection#broth

    3 People Who Probably Saved Your Life

    0
    Yu Sheng Chen posted on 2016/10/02
    Ever wonder who's behind the medical breakthroughs that keep us safe? This video dives into the incredible stories of Louis Pasteur, Joseph Lister, and Maurice Hilleman, exploring the science of germ theory and vaccine development. You'll pick up fascinating vocabulary and gain a deeper understanding of these life-saving pioneers!

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