abuse
US /əˈbjuz/
UK /ə'bju:s/
- Transitive Verb
- To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
- To use in an inappropriate or excessive way
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Improper/dishonest/excessive use of something
- Insulting someone, e.g. by swearing at them
A2TOEICMoreanalysis
US /əˈnælɪsɪs/
UK /əˈnæləsɪs/
- Uncountable Noun
- Careful study to better understand something
B1TOEICMoreanonymous
US /əˈnɑnəməs/
UK /ə'nɒnɪməs/
- Adjective
- Unknown; with no name revealed
B1Moreapplause
US /əˈplɔz/
UK /ə'plɔ:z/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The sound made by clapping a performance or speech
B1Moreapproach
US /əˈprəʊtʃ/
UK /ə'prəʊtʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- To request someone to do something specific
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
- Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
A2TOEICMorecommercial
US /kəˈmɚʃəl/
UK /kəˈmə:ʃəl/
- Noun
- Radio or television advertisement
- Adjective
- A notice, picture, or film telling people about a product, job, or service.
- Designed for or primarily concerned with financial success.
B1Moredatum
US /ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm/
UK /ˈdeɪtəm/
- Noun
- Item of factual information
B1Moredeviance
US /ˈdivɪəns/
UK /'di:vɪəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Action or state that is not normal or not accepted
B2TOEICMorediffusion
US /dɪˈfjuʒən/
UK /dɪ'fju:ʒn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Spreading out over a larger area
B2Moredisease
US /dɪˈziz/
UK /dɪˈzi:z/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
- A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.
- Transitive Verb
- To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
A2TOEICMoredrone
US /dron/
UK /drəʊn/
- Countable Noun
- A remote controlled flying device
- Male bee
- Intransitive Verb
- To talk in a continually dull or monotonous voice
- To make a continuous low humming sound.
B2TOEICMorefantastic
US /fænˈtæstɪk/
UK /fænˈtæstɪk/
- Adjective
- Strange or unusual in design or appearance
- Very large, fast or great
A2Morehack
US /hæk/
UK /hæk/
- Transitive Verb
- To illegally access someone else's computer
- To cut away plants and branches to make a path
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Dry cough
- Horse for hire to work or pull a vehicle for a fee
B1TOEICMorehuge
US /hjudʒ/
UK /hju:dʒ/
- Adjective
- Very very large
A2Moreinnovate
US /ˈɪnəˌvet/
UK /ˈɪnəveɪt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To introduce or create new things or make changes
B1TOEICMoreinnovation
US /ˌɪnəˈveʃən/
UK /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Process of creating new ideas or inventions
- A new thing or method that is introduced.
B1TOEICMoreinstance
US /ˈɪnstəns/
UK /'ɪnstəns/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An example of something; case
- An occurrence of something.
- Transitive Verb
- To give as an example of something else
A2TOEICMoreissue
US /ˈɪʃu/
UK /'ɪʃu:/
- Transitive Verb
- To make something available to be used or sold
- To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
- Single edition of a magazine
A2TOEICMorejet
US /dʒɛt/
UK /dʒet/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Stream of liquid/gas shooting out of small opening
- A pipe that water or gas goes through
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- (Of liquid, gas) to shoot out of a small opening
- To travel on a jet plane
B1TOEICMorekite
US /kaɪt/
UK /kaɪt/
- Countable Noun
- Toy flown in the wind on a long string
B1Morelung
US /lʌŋ/
UK /lʌŋ/
- Noun
- One of the two organs we use to breathe
B1Moremarketing
US /ˈmɑ:rkɪtɪŋ/
UK /ˈmɑ:kɪtɪŋ/
- Transitive Verb
- To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise
- Uncountable Noun
- The act of selling services or goods
B1Moremethod
US /ˈmɛθəd/
UK /'meθəd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- (Organized and planned) way of doing something
- Orderliness of thought, arrangement, or behavior.
A2TOEICMorenegative
US /ˈnɛɡətɪv/
UK /'neɡətɪv/
- Noun
- The opposite to a positive electrical charge
- In grammar, containing words such as 'no' or 'not'
- Adjective
- Being harmful, unwanted or unhelpful
- In mathematics, being less than zero
A2Morepopulation
US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/
UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
- A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
A2TOEICMorepositive
US /ˈpɑzɪtɪv/
UK /ˈpɒzətɪv/
- Adjective
- Showing agreement or support for something
- Being sure about something; knowing the truth
- Noun
- A photograph in which light areas are light and dark areas are dark
A2Morepotential
US /pəˈtɛnʃəl/
UK /pəˈtenʃl/
- Adjective
- Capable of happening or becoming reality
- Having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future.
- Uncountable Noun
- someone's or something's ability to develop, achieve, or succeed
A2TOEICMoreprinciple
US /ˈprɪnsəpəl/
UK /ˈprɪnsəpl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Moral rule or belief governing a person's behavior
- Natural law that explains how things work
A2TOEICMoreresearch
US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/
UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Study done to discover new ideas and facts
- A particular area or topic of study.
A2TOEICMorestuff
US /stʌf/
UK /stʌf/
- Uncountable Noun
- Generic description for things, materials, objects
- Transitive Verb
- To push material inside something, with force
B1Moresubstance
US /ˈsʌbstəns/
UK /'sʌbstəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Essence of; most basic or central qualities
- Particular type of material
A2Moresurgeon
US /ˈsɜrdʒən/
UK /'sɜ:dʒən/
- Countable Noun
- A doctor who performs surgery
B2Moreurine
US /ˈjʊrən/
UK /ˈjʊərɪn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Yellow liquid waste from the body
C1Morewithdrawal
US /wɪðˈdrɔəl, wɪθ-/
UK /wɪðˈdrɔ:əl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Action of pulling back or move away or backward
- Pain of coming off drugs
- Adjective
- Feeling pain and suffering when coming off drugs
B1More
Vocabulary
- stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
- sort: To organize things by putting them into groups
- potential: Capable of happening or becoming reality
- approach: To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- figure: To appear in a game, play or event
- evidence: Factual proof that helps to establish the truth
- experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
- positive: Showing agreement or support for something
- negative: The opposite to a positive electrical charge
- instance: An example of something; case
- treat: To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
- general: Widespread, normal or usual
- applause: The sound made by clapping a performance or speech
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- disease: Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
- substance: Essence of; most basic or central qualities
- research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- commercial: Radio or television advertisement
- method: (Organized and planned) way of doing something
- field: Area of study, such as physics or biology
- fantastic: Strange or unusual in design or appearance
- abuse: To mistreat or be cruel towards someone
- issue: To make something available to be used or sold
- innovation: Process of creating new ideas or inventions
- huge: Very very large
- population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
- principle: Moral rule or belief governing a person's behavior
- reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
- anonymous: Unknown; with no name revealed
- lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- urine: Yellow liquid waste from the body
- leave: To go away from; depart
- drone: A remote controlled flying device
- notice: To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing
- hack: To illegally access someone else's computer
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- analysis: Careful study to better understand something
- withdrawal: Action of pulling back or move away or backward
- important: Having power or authority
- kind: In a caring and helpful manner
- surgeon: A doctor who performs surgery
- lung: One of the two organs we use to breathe
- jet: Stream of liquid/gas shooting out of small opening
- datum: Item of factual information
- marketing: To publicize products to get you to buy; advertise
- innovate: To introduce or create new things or make changes
- diffusion: Spreading out over a larger area
- kite: Toy flown in the wind on a long string
- deviance: Action or state that is not normal or not accepted
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
User-Developed Innovations in the Substance Use Disorder Space
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/06/23Ever wondered where great ideas come from? This video dives into the fascinating world of 'user innovation,' showing how everyday people, not just big companies, develop groundbreaking solutions, especially in areas like substance abuse recovery. You'll learn about this powerful concept and pick up some great vocabulary for discussing innovation and problem-solving!
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