Vocabulary

  • in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • per year: For each year; annually.
  • in terms of
  • at the end of the day: Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
  • talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
  • head up: To lead or manage a team, project, or organization.
  • map out: To plan or arrange something in detail.
  • carry on: To engage in an activity, e.g. a conversation
  • at that time: During a specific point in the past.
  • with it: Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
  • in favor of: Expressing support or approval for someone or something.
  • for the better: Resulting in improvement; to a more favorable condition.
  • in parallel: Done at the same time; simultaneously.
  • blend of: A mixture of different things combined together.
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • as one: Acting or moving together at the same time.
  • come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
  • in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
  • grapple with: To struggle or deal with something difficult.
  • farm out: To contract work out to another company or organization.
  • attrition rate: The rate at which employees leave a company over a certain period.
  • across the board: Broad in scope or content
  • hedge your bets: To reduce risk by taking multiple options or precautions.
  • in trouble: Experiencing difficulties, problems, or legal issues.
  • got to: To arrive at some place
  • in focus: State in which you see something sharp and clearly
  • intellectual property: Creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.
  • on the market: Available for sale.
  • speed up: To move more quickly
  • in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
  • step down: To reduce the amount of something
  • start on: To begin or start doing something.
  • check out
  • process: To organize and use data in a computer
  • immune: Having a special protection from, e.g. the law
  • opportunity: Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
  • improve: To make, or become, something better
  • scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
  • disorder: State of confusion or a lack of organization
  • completely: In every way or as much as possible
  • revenue: Money that is made by or paid to a business
  • treat: To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
  • executive: A senior manager in a business or organization
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • disease: Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • molecule: Two or more atoms chemically combined
  • dementia: Illness characterized by loss of memory
  • field: Area of study, such as physics or biology
  • innovation: Process of creating new ideas or inventions
  • advice: Suggestion about what would help someone
  • generic: Concerning a product without a brand name
  • consensus: A decision that is shared by most of a group
  • acquisition: Process of acquiring; thing that is acquired
  • population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
  • decision: Choice made after thinking; final judgment
  • vaccine: Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
  • board: Surface for posting or showing information
  • budget: Amount of money planned to be spent
  • guide: To help or advise someone about something
  • risk: To do something potentially dangerous or foolish
  • rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • neurological: Concerning, used in or practicing neurology
  • investment: Something purchased hoping its value will increase
  • invest: To use resources to build for the future
  • competitive: Being strongly driven to win or be better than
  • strategic: Concerned with strategy; well thought out
  • digital: Using electronic signals or computers
  • development: Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
  • stage: To organize an event to gain public interest
  • company: Good feeling from being with someone else
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • transform: To change the shape completely in a good way
  • important: Having power or authority
  • pharmaceutical: Concerning the science of drugs and medicines
  • unit: One apartment in a building
  • datum: Item of factual information
  • leadership: Quality of being able to guide or influence others
  • pipeline: Line of pipes used for carrying gases or liquids
  • transformation: A complete change in shape or form of something
  • globally: Throughout the world
  • partnership: Shared business relationship with someone
  • attrition: Reduction in size, numbers, or strength over time
  • ceo: CEO for Chief Operating Officer
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    • acquisition

      US /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən/

      UK /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Process of acquiring; thing that is acquired
      • A company or asset bought by another company.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • across the board

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Broad in scope or content
      • Adverb
      • Applying to all; comprehensive; universal.
      • Involving all sectors, categories, or items.
      A1
      More
    • advice

      US /əd'vaɪs/

      UK /ədˈvaɪs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Suggestion about what would help someone
      • Professional guidance from a lawyer or legal expert.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • as one

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • Acting or moving together at the same time.
      • In complete agreement or unity.
      • Phrase
      • With a single voice or opinion; unanimously.
      • In perfect harmony or unison.
      A1
      More
    • at that time

      US /æt ðæt taɪm/

      UK /æt ðæt taim/

      • Phrase
      • During a specific point in the past.
      A1
      More
    • at the end of the day

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Ultimately; when everything else is considered.
      • After a day's work or activities.
      A1
      More
    • attrition

      US /əˈtrɪʃən/

      UK /əˈtrɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Reduction in size, numbers, or strength over time
      C1
      More
    • attrition rate

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • The rate at which employees leave a company over a certain period.
      • The rate at which customers stop doing business with a company over a certain period.
      B1
      More
    • blend of

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A mixture of different things combined together.
      • A combination of different qualities or elements.
      A1
      More
    • budget

      US /ˈbʌdʒɪt/

      UK /'bʌdʒɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Amount of money planned to be spent
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make a plan for how to spend your money
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • carry on

      US /ˈkæri ɑn/

      UK /ˈkæri ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To engage in an activity, e.g. a conversation
      • To continue or keep doing something
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To continue doing something
      A1
      More
    • ceo

      US

      UK

      • Abbreviation
      • CEO for Chief Operating Officer
      C2
      More
    • check out

      US /tʃɛk aʊt/

      UK /tʃek aut/

      • Phrase
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To find out information about something
      • To take books out of a library
      A1
      More
    • come up with

      US /kʌm ʌp wɪð/

      UK /kʌm ʌp wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To think of an idea or solution; produce
      A1
      More
    • competitive

      US /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/

      UK /kəmˈpetətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Being strongly driven to win or be better than
      • As good as or better than others.
      B1
      More
    • consensus

      US /kənˈsɛnsəs/

      UK /kənˈsensəs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A decision that is shared by most of a group
      B1
      More
    • datum

      US /ˈdetəm, ˈdætəm, ˈdɑtəm/

      UK /ˈdeɪtəm/

      • Noun
      • Item of factual information
      B1
      More
    • dementia

      US /dɪˈmɛnʃə/

      UK /dɪˈmenʃə/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Illness characterized by loss of memory
      B2
      More
    • development

      US /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/

      UK /dɪ'veləpmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
      • A new event related to a previous event
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • disease

      US /dɪˈziz/

      UK /dɪˈzi:z/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illness that affects a person, animal, or plant
      • A disorder of structure or function in a plant, especially one caused by a pathogen.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To affect with disease; to corrupt or sicken.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • disorder

      US /dɪsˈɔrdɚ/

      UK /dɪs'ɔ:də(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of confusion or a lack of organization
      • Illness when the body is not functioning well
      • Transitive Verb
      • To disrupt the order or arrangement of something.
      B2
      More
    • executive

      US /ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv/

      UK /ɪɡ'zekjətɪv/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A senior manager in a business or organization
      • The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws.
      • Adjective
      • Of a high ranking job in a company
      • Relating to the management of a business or organization.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • farm out

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To contract work out to another company or organization.
      A1
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for the better

      US /fɔr ði ˈbɛtɚ/

      UK /fɔ: ðə ˈbetə/

      • Phrase
      • Resulting in improvement; to a more favorable condition.
      A1
      More
    • generic

      US /dʒəˈnɛrɪk/

      UK /dʒə'nerɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning a product without a brand name
      • Concerning an entire class, category, or group
      B2
      More
    • globally

      US /'ɡloʊbəlɪ/

      UK /'ɡləʊbəlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • Throughout the world
      B1
      More
    • got to

      US /ɡɑt tu/

      UK /gɔt tu:/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrive at some place
      • To have the opportunity or permission to do something
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To appeal to the emotions of; move
      • To finally begin to start something after a delay
      A1
      More
    • grapple with

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To struggle or deal with something difficult.
      • To engage in a physical struggle or fight.
      More
    • guide

      US /ɡaɪd/

      UK /ɡaɪd/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To help or advise someone about something
      • To control missile to hit a target by radio signal
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Book or a magazine containing information/advice
      • Person leading others visiting an unknown place
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • head up

      US /hɛd ʌp/

      UK /hed ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To lead or manage a team, project, or organization.
      A1
      More
    • hedge your bets

      US /hɛdʒ jɚ ˈbɛts/

      UK /hedʒ jə ˈbets/

      • other
      • To reduce risk by taking multiple options or precautions.
      B2
      More
    • immune

      US /ɪˈmjoon/

      UK /ɪˈmju:n/

      • Adjective
      • Having a special protection from, e.g. the law
      • Protected against a particular disease or condition because of antibodies or vaccination.
      B1
      More
    • in favor of

      US /ɪn ˈfevɚ ʌv/

      UK /in ˈfeivə ɔv/

      • Phrase
      • Expressing support or approval for someone or something.
      • To the advantage of; benefiting.
      • Preposition
      • Supporting or approving of something.
      • To the advantage of; to the benefit of.
      A1
      More
    • in focus

      US /ɪn ˈfokəs/

      UK /in ˈfəukəs/

      • Phrase
      • State in which you see something sharp and clearly
      A2
      More
    • in parallel

      US /ɪn ˈpærəˌlɛl/

      UK /in ˈpærəlel/

      • Adverb
      • Done at the same time; simultaneously.
      • Adjective
      • Relating to a system where multiple operations are carried out simultaneously, especially in computing.
      C2
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in the future

      US /ɪn ði ˈfjutʃɚ/

      UK /in ðə ˈfju:tʃə/

      • Phrase
      • At a later time; in times to come.
      A1
      More
    • in the past

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • During a former period of time; previously.
      A1
      More
    • in the world

      US /ɪn ði wɜrld/

      UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
      • Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
      A1
      More
    • in trouble

      US /ɪn ˈtrʌbəl/

      UK /in ˈtrʌbl/

      • Adjective
      • Experiencing difficulties, problems, or legal issues.
      • other
      • In serious trouble or difficulty.
      A1
      More
    • innovation

      US /ˌɪnəˈveʃən/

      UK /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of creating new ideas or inventions
      • A new thing or method that is introduced.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • intellectual property

      US

      UK

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce.
      B2
      More
    • invest

      US /ɪnˈvɛst/

      UK /ɪn'vest/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To use resources to build for the future
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • investment

      US /ɪnˈvɛstmənt/

      UK /ɪnˈvestmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something purchased hoping its value will increase
      • Something you invest in, such as a company, property, etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • leadership

      US /ˈli:dərʃɪp/

      UK /ˈli:dəʃɪp/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Quality of being able to guide or influence others
      B1
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • map out

      US /mæp aʊt/

      UK /mæp aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To plan or arrange something in detail.
      A2
      More
    • molecule

      US /ˈmɑlɪˌkjul/

      UK /ˈmɒlɪkju:l/

      • Noun
      • Two or more atoms chemically combined
      B2
      More
    • neurological

      US /ˌnjʊrəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/

      UK /ˌnjʊərəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning, used in or practicing neurology
      B2
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • on the market

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Available for sale.
      • Actively seeking employment.
      A2
      More
    • opportunity

      US /ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju-/

      UK /ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
      • A favorable time or occasion for doing something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • partnership

      US /ˈpɑ:rtnərʃɪp/

      UK /ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Shared business relationship with someone
      • Working with others for some purpose
      B1
      More
    • per year

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • For each year; annually.
      A2
      More
    • pharmaceutical

      US /ˌfɑ:rməˈsu:tɪkl/

      UK /ˌfɑ:məˈsu:tɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the science of drugs and medicines
      B2
      More
    • pipeline

      US /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/

      UK /ˈpaɪplaɪn/

      • Noun
      • Line of pipes used for carrying gases or liquids
      • Transitive Verb
      • To send through a series of pipes
      B2
      More
    • population

      US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/

      UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
      • A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • process

      US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/

      UK /prə'ses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To organize and use data in a computer
      • To deal with official forms in the way required
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Dealing with official forms in the way required
      • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • revenue

      US /ˈrevənju/

      UK /'revənju:/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Money that is made by or paid to a business
      • Money a government collects from its people
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • scale

      US /skel/

      UK /skeɪl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Size, level, or amount when compared
      • Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change the size of but keep the proportions
      • To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • speed up

      US /spid ʌp/

      UK /spi:d ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To move more quickly
      A2
      More
    • start on

      US /stɑrt ɑn/

      UK /stɑ:t ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To begin or start doing something.
      • To criticize or complain to someone repeatedly.
      A1
      More
    • step down

      US /stɛp daʊn/

      UK /step daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reduce the amount of something
      • To resign
      • Transitive Verb
      • To reduce the voltage of an electrical current.
      A1
      More
    • strategic

      US /strəˈtidʒɪk/

      UK /strəˈti:dʒɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerned with strategy; well thought out
      A2
      More
    • talking about

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To discuss a particular topic.
      • To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
      A1
      More
    • transform

      US /trænsˈfɔrm/

      UK /træns'fɔ:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change the shape completely in a good way
      • To convert from one form or substance into another.
      C2
      More
    • transformation

      US /ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃn/

      UK /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A complete change in shape or form of something
      C2
      More
    • unit

      US /ˈjunɪt/

      UK /ˈju:nɪt/

      • Countable Noun
      • One apartment in a building
      • Group of people, e.g. soldiers, that work together
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • vaccine

      US /vækˈsin,ˈvækˌsin/

      UK /'væksi:n/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Shot using weak disease cells to stop same disease
      • A preparation of weakened or killed microorganisms, or of antigenic proteins derived from them, used to induce protective immunity in animals.
      B2
      More
    • with it

      US /wɪð ɪt/

      UK /wið it/

      • Adjective
      • Intelligent, alert, and up-to-date.
      • Understanding and knowledgeable about current trends or information.
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #acquisition#company#drug#disease#development#alzheimer

    How Japan's largest drugmaker became a global pharma powerhouse

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2025/07/19
    Ever wondered how a company becomes a global powerhouse? This video dives into Takeda's incredible journey, from its Japanese roots to becoming a major player in drug development, especially in neuroscience! You'll pick up advanced vocabulary related to pharma, AI, and business strategy, making it a fantastic way to boost your English while learning about innovation.

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