Preparing usage notes, please check back later
abundant
US /əˈbʌndənt/
UK /əˈbʌndənt/
- Adjective
- Being in very great supply; plentiful
B2TOEICMoreaffect
US /əˈfɛkt/
UK /ə'fekt/
- Transitive Verb
- To cause a change in something else
- To pretend to have or feel (something).
- Noun
- (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
A2TOEICMoreagriculture
US /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ/
UK /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- The science of farming
- The study of farming and related sciences.
A2Moreas well as
US /æz wɛl æz/
UK /æz wel æz/
- Adverb
- Also; in addition to
- Preposition
- In addition to; and also.
A1Moreback into
US /bæk ˈɪntu/
UK /bæk ˈɪntuː/
- Phrasal Verb
- To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
- To accidentally collide with something while moving backwards.
A1Morebiomass
US /'baɪoʊmæs/
UK /'baɪəʊmæs/
- Uncountable Noun
- Number of living things in a particular area
B2Morebloom
US /blum/
UK /blu:m/
- Intransitive Verb
- To flower; to produce flowers
- To achieve an ideal state of beauty and strength
- Noun
- Period of beauty, strength or freshness
B2Moreby nature
US /baɪ ˈnetʃɚ/
UK /bai ˈneitʃə/
- Adverb
- Inherently; by one's character or disposition.
- Phrase
- Inherently; by one's natural disposition or character.
- According to its essential characteristics; intrinsically.
A2Moreclimate
US /ˈklaɪmɪt/
UK /ˈklaɪmət/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Typical weather conditions in a particular place
- The general attitudes, feelings, or opinions that people have at a particular time.
A2Morecollapse
US /kəˈlæps/
UK /kə'læps/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To fold (e.g. a stroller) down to make it smaller
- To suddenly fall down or break apart into pieces
- Noun
- The sudden failure of a structure or system.
- The sudden failure of a bodily organ or function.
B1Morecrop
US /krɑp/
UK /krɒp/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
- Section of short, thick hair
- Transitive Verb
- To cut something to a shorter length or size
- To cut (something, especially hair) short.
B1Moredecline
US /dɪˈklaɪn/
UK /dɪ'klaɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To bend towards the ground
- To slope downward.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To lessen in quality or value
A2TOEICMoredeprive
US /dɪˈpraɪv/
UK /dɪˈpraɪv/
- Transitive Verb
- To deny someone access to or take away something
B2Moredie out
US /daɪ aʊt/
UK /dai aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To disappear completely; to become extinct
A1Moredownfall
US /ˈdaʊnˌfɔl/
UK /'daʊnfɔ:l/
- Noun
- Sudden loss of status/reputation/money
C1Moredue to
US /du tu/
UK /dju: tu:/
- Preposition
- Because of; owing to
- Adjective
- Attributable to; caused by.
A1Moreecosystem
US /ˈɛkoˌsɪstəm, ˈiko-/
UK /ˈi:kəʊsɪstəm/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Types of plants and animals in an specific area
- A network of interconnected companies, technologies, and services that interact to create value.
B1Moreextinct
US /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
UK /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
- Adjective
- (Of animal, etc.) having died out; with none left
- (E.g. of volcano) not active
B1TOEICMoreextinction
US /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
UK /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- When every example of animal, plant is dead
- The process of something ceasing to exist or be active.
B1Morefeed on
US /fid ɑn/
UK /fi:d ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To eat a particular food.
- To increase or become stronger because of something.
A1Morefood source
US
UK
- Noun
- A place or thing from which food is obtained.
B2Morefunction
US /ˈfʌŋkʃən/
UK /'fʌŋkʃn/
- Noun
- Social event, or party such as a wedding
- Mathematical operation used in calculations
- Intransitive Verb
- To serve a certain purpose or role
- To be operating, working or achieving its purpose
A2TOEICMorehabitat
US /ˈhæbɪˌtæt/
UK /'hæbɪtæt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Natural place where a plant or animal lives
B1Morehabitat loss
US
UK
- Noun
- The destruction or fragmentation of habitats, leading to a reduction in the area where species can live.
honeybee
US /ˈhʌniˌbi/
UK /ˈhʌnibi:/
- Countable Noun
- Bee often domesticated for the honey it produces
C2Morein danger
US /ɪn ˈdendʒɚ/
UK /in ˈdeindʒə/
- Phrase
- Exposed to the risk of harm, injury, or loss.
- At risk of experiencing something negative or harmful.
A1Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
A1Morein turn
US
UK
- Adverb
- One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
A1Moreindustrial
US /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/
UK /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/
- Adjective
- Concerning making things in factories
- Noun
- A worker in industry.
- A company involved in industrial production.
A2Morekill off
US /kɪl ɔf/
UK /kil ɔf/
- Phrasal Verb
- To eliminate or destroy completely; to cause to die.
majority
US /məˈdʒɔrɪti, -ˈdʒɑr-/
UK /mə'dʒɒrətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Amount that is more than half of a group
- The age at which a person is legally considered an adult.
B1TOEICMoremalaria
US /məˈlɛriə/
UK /məˈleəriə/
- Noun
- Disease caused by being bitten by a mosquito
B2Moremass
US /mæs/
UK /mæs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
- Large amount or number of something
- Transitive Verb
- To gather people or things into a large group
B1Morenumerous
US /ˈnumərəs, ˈnju-/
UK /ˈnju:mərəs/
- Adjective
- Existing in large numbers
- Consisting of many things or people.
B1Moreon earth
US /ɑn ɚθ/
UK /ɔn ə:θ/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
- Used to emphasize that something is not possible or will not happen.
A1Moreorganic
US /ɔrˈɡænɪk/
UK /ɔ:ˈgænɪk/
- Adjective
- Developing naturally and without a set structure
- Concerning food made with few or no chemicals
B1Moreout of sync
US
UK
- Adjective
- Not occurring at the same time or rate; not synchronized.
- Not in agreement or harmony.
A1Morepart with
US /pɑrt wɪð/
UK /pɑ:t wið/
- Phrasal Verb
- To give something away; relinquish possession of something.
A1Morepesticide
US /ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd/
UK /ˈpestɪsaɪd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A chemical substance used to kill pests
- The control or management of pesticides.
- Adjective
- Relating to or treated with a pesticide.
- Relating to or having the effect of a pesticide.
B2Moreplanet
US /ˈplænɪt/
UK /'plænɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of the bodies that orbit the sun
- A different world or sphere of existence.
- Proper Noun
- The earth.
A2Morepollination
US /ˈpɑləneʃən/
UK /ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Putting pollen on a plant so it makes seeds
- The process of pollination carried out by insects.
B2Morepresence
US /ˈprɛzəns/
UK /ˈprezns/
- Noun
- The same place or area that a person is
- Ability to reach a market, group of people etc.
A2Morerace
US /res/
UK /reɪs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
- People who share physical features or culture
- Intransitive Verb
- To take part in a running or swimming competition
- To move or go at a very fast pace
A2Morereduction
US /rɪˈdʌkʃən/
UK /rɪ'dʌkʃn/
- Noun
- Act of making something smaller
B1Morerely
US /rɪˈlaɪ/
UK /rɪ'laɪ/
- Intransitive Verb
- Depend on with full trust or confidence
- To trust or have confidence in someone.
B2TOEICMoreresult in
US /rɪˈzʌlt ɪn/
UK /riˈzʌlt in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To cause or produce as a consequence.
reveal
US /rɪˈvil/
UK /rɪ'vi:l/
- Transitive Verb
- To show something that was hidden before
A2TOEICMorerife
US /raɪf/
UK /raɪf/
- Adjective
- (Of a bad thing) very common; found everywhere
C1TOEICMorerot
US /rɑ:t/
UK /rɒt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To break down into pieces through dying; decay
- Uncountable Noun
- The process or state of decaying or rotting.
- Foolish or nonsensical talk or ideas.
B2Morescale
US /skel/
UK /skeɪl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Size, level, or amount when compared
- Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To change the size of but keep the proportions
- To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
A2TOEICMorescientific
US /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/
UK /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/
- Adjective
- Concerning academic study of the physical world
- Systematic and precise, following a methodology.
- Noun
- Relating to or used in science.
A2Moresoil
US /sɔɪl/
UK /sɔɪl/
- Uncountable Noun
- Conditions in which something develops
- Mix of natural material in which plants grow
- Transitive Verb
- To get or become dirty
B1Moresource
US /sɔrs, sors/
UK /sɔ:s/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Piece of information; a person giving information
- Place from which something necessary comes
- Adjective
- Produces or provides what is wanted or needed
A2TOEICMorespawn
US /spɔn/
UK /spɔ:n/
- Noun
- Product or result of something
- The young of some fish and animals
- Transitive Verb
- To produce something or make something happen
B2Moresync
US /sɪŋk/
UK /sɪŋk/
- Noun
- Short for 'synchronization'
C1Moresynthetic
US /sɪnˈθɛtɪk/
UK /sɪnˈθetɪk/
- Adjective
- Not natural; made from artificial materials
B2Moretrend
US /trɛnd/
UK /trend/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Current style or fashion
- General direction that is taken
- Intransitive Verb
- To be current and popular
- To move up or down
A2Moretropical
US /ˈtrɑpɪkəl/
UK /ˈtrɒpɪkl/
- Adjective
- Hot and humid; near to the equator
- Very hot and humid
- Noun
- The tropical region of the earth
B1Moreusage
US /ˈjusɪdʒ, -zɪdʒ/
UK /ˈju:sɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Amount something is used
- Way something is actually used
B2Moreused to
US /juzd tu/
UK /ˈju:st tə/
- Adjective
- Did regularly before, but don't do now
- Auxiliary Verb
- Have done before, but do not do now
A1Morevast
US /væst/
UK /vɑ:st/
- Adjective
- Being very large in size or amount
A2TOEICMorevital
US /'vaɪtl/
UK /'vaɪtl/
- Adjective
- Needed to support life; essential
- Full of life; energetic
B1TOEICMorewitness
US /ˈwɪtnɪs/
UK /'wɪtnəs/
- Transitive Verb
- To see the signing of an official document
- To see an event take place (usually a crime)
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Person who was present to see an event take place
- Evidence or proof of something
B1TOEICMore
