20、 Obama
B1 Intermediate US 6365 Folder Collection
After playing the video, you can click or select the word to look it up in the dictionary.
Loading...
Report Subtitle Errors
Nipah, Hendra, Ebola, Marburg, SARS.
These are some of the world's scariest viruses.
Hemorrhagic fevers like Ebola are extremely fatal.
They kill up to 90 percent of people infected while SARS, a coronavirus, has a lower mortality rate but spreads incredibly rapidly.
All of these nasty pathogens have surfaced in humans in just the last 50 years, and they are all carried by bats.
Which, to be clear, really isn't bats' fault.
The recent rise in outbreaks is likely due to humans and our animals creeping ever farther into bats' territory, especially in the tropics.
In Malaysia, for example, the spread of commercial pig farms into bat-inhabited forests led to the first human outbreak—via pigs—of Nipah.
And in Australia, human Hendra cases are cropping up as destruction of native forests forces fruit bats to feed in suburban gardens.
But still, bats do appear to carry more human-killing diseases than pretty much any other animal.
One big reason is that, with a few notable exceptions, bats love company.
Different kinds of bats often roost together in huge numbers and close quarters, which helps viruses spread not just between individuals, but also between species.
What's more, most infected bats don't die.
They live pretty normal bat lives, flapping around and giving the viruses time to spread.
In fact, flight may be the reason bats are so resilient to infection.
As a rule, mammals can't produce the immense amount of energy needed for flight without also producing a lot of reactive waste products that damage our DNA.
So when our bat cousins took to the air, they leveled up their in-flight DNA damage repair kits and other defenses, including specialized cells that keep viral invaders in check.
So bats can survive the deadly viruses, but what may matter even more, for humans anyway, is how the viruses survive the bats.
Nasty as they are, most viruses are also extremely finicky.
In order to thrive, they require the perfectly controlled climate inside a normal, resting, on-the-ground mammal.
But when bats take to the air, their internal temperatures cruise to around 40°C.
Those frequent in-flight saunas are far too toasty for your average virus, but a few hardy viruses have evolved to tolerate the heat, which, incidentally, means they can definitely weather a meager human fever.
Essentially, flight may have helped bats gain virtual immunity to viruses AND trained viruses to be virtually immune to us.
Stupid flying.
So, what should we landlubbers do?
We need bats for insect control and pollination, and a whole bunch of other things.
Maybe we could even learn some immune tricks from them, like how to be really good at not getting cancer!
Plus, bats aren't the biggest carriers of human disease.
Humans are, just do the math.
Perhaps we'd be better off leaving bats alone, and trying to control the spread of diseases carried by a different kind of flying mammal.
    You must  Log in  to get the function.
Tip: Click on the article or the word in the subtitle to get translation quickly!

Loading…

Loading…

B1 Intermediate US

Why Do Bats Carry So Many Diseases? (like Coronavirus)

6365 Folder Collection
Seraya published on February 11, 2020    Seraya translated    adam reviewed

Learning Words

loading

Comments

Loading…
More Recommended Videos

  1. 1. Search word

    Select word on the caption to look it up in the dictionary!

  2. 2. Repeat single sentence

    Repeat the same sentence to enhance listening ability

  3. 3. Shortcut

    Shortcut!

  4. 4. Close caption

    Close the English caption

  5. 5. Embed

    Embed the video to your blog

  6. 6. Unfold

    Hide right panel

  1. Listening Quiz

    Listening Quiz!

  1. Click to open your notebook

  1. UrbanDictionary 俚語字典整合查詢。一般字典查詢不到你滿意的解譯，不妨使用「俚語字典」，或許會讓你有滿意的答案喔