Vocabulary

• shelf life: The length of time for which an item remains usable, fit for consumption, or saleable.
• look back: To think about past events
• have been around: To have a lot of experience in life.
• at least: As a minimum
• of the century: The most notable or important in a hundred-year period.
• at a cost: Involving loss or sacrifice.
• start out: To begin your life or career in a particular way.
• by hand: Done manually; not by machine.
• at a time: Separately; one by one
• process: To organize and use data in a computer
• apparently: According to what you heard; from what can be seen
• native: Someone from or born in a specific country
• realize: To become aware of or understand mentally
• treat: To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
• necessarily: In a way that is needed/required/is unavoidable
• reputation: Common opinion that people have about someone
• bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
• approximately: Around; nearly; almost; about (a number)
• roughly: Approximately; (of numbers) about; around
• demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
• environment: Natural world in which plants and animals live
• dump: To end a romantic relationship
• industry: Hard work; being busy working
• accessible: Able to be entered, reached or used
• tiny: Very, very small
• remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
• reach: To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
• mature: Behaving like an adult
• raise: To increase a bet above another when playing cards
• compare: To consider how similar and different things are
• labor: To struggle to do something because it's difficult
• sewage: Waste matter/excrement carried away in sewers
• tap: To access a liquid (e.g. in a tree) through a hole
• capture: To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
• lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
• produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
• ethical: Morally right; following principles of goodness
• credit: System to buy something and pay for it later
• luxury: Something expensive bought for pleasure
• invention: Something new that is different from other things
• century: Period of 100 years
• sign: Indication that something exists or will happen
• british: Concerning the culture and people of British
• single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
• snack: Small amount of food eaten between meals
• natural: Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
• last: Final; with nothing following; after all others
• oyster: An edible marine mollusk
• paramount: More important/significant than all other things
• discard: To take a card out of your hand in a card game
• dispatch: To send (people or objects) somewhere
• globe: A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
• shellfish: Sea animals such as shrimps, lobsters, clams etc.
• cultivation: Science of the use of soil for growing plants
• typhoid: Serious waterborne illness
• industrialization: Process of creating and developing many businesses
• onwards: Moving toward a future (often better) time/place
• straightaway: (Done) with little or no delay
• seaside: Resort area next to the sea shore
• loch: Scottish lake or inlet