Pat: Yeah?

Ian: Two weeks ago you wrote "Pat's Special Surprise" in the idea doc.

Pat: Yeah? What about it?

Ian: What is that?

Pat: Ian. Picture this.

a theatrical episode of Life Noggin!

Ian: No

Pat: Titled "Life Noggin On Stage"

What do you think!?

Ian: Pat did you already do it?

Is that where you've been going at night?

Ian: Pat!?

Hey There! Welcome to Life Noggin!

65 million years ago, an asteroid about 10 kilometers wide struck the surface of the

Earth and killed off the dinosaurs.

This obviously wasn't great and now, people and organizations are working hard to prevent

this from ever happening again.

The last thing we want is for humans to be wiped out.

because then, who's gonna watch our videos?

There's actually a chance that an asteroid called Bennu that's about 500 meters in

diameter will strike Earth in about 200 years, which is pretty soon when you think about it.

Sure, it's only a one in 2,700 chance, but scientists are beginning to prepare for the worst.

Bennu is one of many potential threats in our solar system.

There are about 15,000 Near Earth Asteroids catalogued by NASA and while the chance of

any of them hitting is small, NASA's Office of Planetary Defense has 3 pretty viable options

in their tool belt to protect us.

The first is the Gravity Tractor approach.

A spacecraft would fly up to an asteroid and set up shop right beside it.

After a few years, the presence of a nearby object would alter the gravity of the asteroid,

shifting it's trajectory, and rerouting it away from Earth!

We wouldn't even need to touch it.

Another idea is a bit more… violent than the Gravity Tractor method.

Enter the Hyper-velocity Asteroid Mitigation Mission for Emergency Response, or HAMMER.

Is there, like, a committee of cool people who chooses these names?

The idea is that we'd launch a spacecraft equipped with its very own nuclear weapon.

If a big asteroid starts to approach Earth, we'd be able to detonate the nuclear warhead,

blowing off a chunk of the asteroids surface, changing its direction to save Earth!

The last is the Kinetic Impactor technique.

This seems to be the most straight forward plan and would only require us to nudge an

asteroid in just the right way to shift its path.

It's so simple and thankfully, we were already able to do this on a small scale with a comet in 2005.

And that is definitely promising, but a comet is actually quite different than an asteroid.

Asteroids are made up of rocks and metals, while comets are more ice, gas, dust and rock.

The size of asteroids range from just 2 meters to 1,000 km!

Comets are typically less than 10 km wide.

Both objects orbit the sun, but comets are further out.

They often have tails behind them because as they orbit closer to the sun, the ice and

dust they're made of begin to vaporize, creating that trail we can sometimes see from Earth.

Another type of space object we see down here are meteors.

When a small part of an asteroid breaks off after a collision and is vaporized in Earth's

atmosphere, streaks of light appear in the sky.

This is what people often mistake for shooting stars, but it's purely part of an asteroid

burning up above us.

How beautiful!

There's always a lot of space activity going on around our beautiful planet, and most of

the time, it's harmless, but threats do exist.

Before we can protect ourselves, we need to know the threats are there.

The International Asteroid Warning Network is dedicated to finding, following and analyzing

Near Earth asteroids and just last year, a group of astronomers successfully carried

out the first international asteroid tracking exercise and it went really well.

Once we know about any dangerous asteroids, space agencies can decide how to respond in

order to save you and your planet.

What other space questions do you have for me?

Let me know in the comment section below.

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and check out this video here!

Thank you so much for watching!

As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking!