Vocabulary

  • of course: Sure ; Certainly
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • on average: Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
  • by no means: Certainly not; in no way.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • study for: To prepare for an examination or test by learning and revising the subject matter.
  • hard to say: Difficult to know or predict; uncertain.
  • care of: Used in an address to indicate the person who will receive the mail for someone else.
  • in any case: Whatever happens; regardless of what has happened or may happen.
  • health benefits: Advantages provided by an employer or insurance plan related to healthcare, such as medical, dental, and vision coverage.
  • as well as: Also; in addition to
  • thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
  • have to: Must do
  • for free: Without charge; at no cost.
  • from scratch: From the very beginning; from nothing.
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • food culture: The practices, attitudes, and beliefs as well as the networks and institutions surrounding the production, distribution, preparation, and consumption of food.
  • come back: To reply to someone, often forcefully
  • process: To organize and use data in a computer
  • effort: Amount of work used trying to do something
  • obesity: State of being so fat it can harm your health
  • improve: To make, or become, something better
  • average: Total of numbers divided by the number of items
  • plenty: When there is not too little of something; a lot
  • anxious: Afraid of what may happen; worried and nervous
  • consume: To eat, drink, buy or use up something
  • bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • consumption: The act of buying and using products
  • confident: Feeling that you can do well at something
  • gut: To destroy the inside of a building , e.g. by fire
  • inflammation: Painful swelling in the body due to illness
  • protein: Group of molecules made from amino acids
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • generally: Usually; as a rule; by, to or for most people
  • response: Something said/written as an answer to something
  • simply: In an easy or clear manner
  • factor: Something that influences a result
  • inflammatory: Making or intended to make someone angry
  • insulin: Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
  • organ: Part of a person's body with a particular function
  • obese: Fat over a long period, so harming your health
  • fiction: Made-up stories; imagined events
  • mass: Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
  • rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
  • tissue: Substance formed by cells of living thing; flesh
  • diet: To eat special or less food, as to lose weight
  • serve: To act in a particular position or office
  • ferment: To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
  • lifespan: Length of time something is expected to last
  • fad: Something popular for a short time
  • cartilage: Strong flexible tissue connecting bones, joints
  • rarely: Not often (seen, done, etc.); infrequently
  • beneficial: Giving an advantage, having a helpful effect
  • acid: Sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon
  • audible: Capable of being heard; loud enough to be heard
  • wheat: A kind of grain that is used to make flour
  • transportation: Act of moving people or goods between places
  • rodent: Animal that gnaws/bites, e.g. rat, mouse, rabbit
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • snack: Small amount of food eaten between meals
  • find: To become aware of something that is happening
  • antibiotic: (Drug) used to fight certain kinds of diseases
  • rank: To rate or class things
  • part: Division of a book
  • fast: In a way that is difficult to move or change
  • healthy: In good condition physically, or financially; well
  • amino: Of some substances that form proteins
  • cancer: Any growth caused by abnormal cell division
  • microbiome: the microorganisms (= living things too small to be seen) that exist in a particular environment or in the human body
  • meal: Food for eating at a particular time, e.g. dinner
  • anti: A prefix meaning 'against' or 'opposed'
  • live: To be alive
  • time: Speed at which music is played; tempo
  • stay: To keep trying without giving up
  • people: Persons sharing culture, country, background, etc.
  • soy: Food substance made from soya beans
  • prefecture: An administrative state or region in a country
  • elasticity: Ability to stretch and return to original shape
  • overweight: Weighing more than a normal or allowed amount
  • soda: Sweet bubbly flavored drink
  • supplementation: Process of adding an extra part to something
  • supermarket: Self-service store selling groceries etc.
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    • acid

      US /ˈæsɪd/

      UK /ˈæsɪd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon
      A2
      More
    • amino

      US /ə'miːnəʊ/

      UK /ə'miːnəʊ/

      • Noun
      • Of some substances that form proteins
      C2
      More
    • anti

      US /ˈæntaɪ, -ti/

      UK /'æntɪ/

      • Adjective
      • A prefix meaning 'against' or 'opposed'
      B2
      More
    • antibiotic

      US /ˌæntibaɪˈɑ:tɪk/

      UK /ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪk/

      • Adjective
      • (Drug) used to fight certain kinds of diseases
      • Noun
      • Medicine that kills bacteria to fight infections
      B1
      More
    • as well as

      US /æz wɛl æz/

      UK /æz wel æz/

      • Adverb
      • Also; in addition to
      • Preposition
      • In addition to; and also.
      A1
      More
    • audible

      US /ˈɔdəbəl/

      UK /ˈɔ:dəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Capable of being heard; loud enough to be heard
      B2
      More
    • average

      US /ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ/

      UK /'ævərɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Total of numbers divided by the number of items
      • Transitive Verb
      • To add numbers then divide by the number of items
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • bacteria

      US /bækˈtɪriə/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪə/

      • Noun (plural)
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • beneficial

      US /ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl/

      UK /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/

      • Adjective
      • Giving an advantage, having a helpful effect
      • Promoting or contributing to physical or mental well-being.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • by no means

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Certainly not; in no way.
      A1
      More
    • cancer

      US /ˈkænsɚ/

      UK /'kænsə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Any growth caused by abnormal cell division
      B1
      More
    • care of

      US /kɛr ʌv/

      UK /kɛə ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • Used in an address to indicate the person who will receive the mail for someone else.
      A2
      More
    • cartilage

      US /ˈkɑrtlɪdʒ/

      UK /ˈkɑ:tɪlɪdʒ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Strong flexible tissue connecting bones, joints
      C1
      More
    • come back

      US /kʌm bæk/

      UK /kʌm bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reply to someone, often forcefully
      • To be remembered
      A1
      More
    • confident

      US /ˈkɑnfɪdənt/

      UK /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/

      • Adjective
      • Feeling that you can do well at something
      • Having a strong belief in the truth or certainty of something.
      • Noun
      • A person who is self-assured and believes in their abilities.
      A2
      More
    • consume

      US /kənˈsum/

      UK /kən'sju:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To eat, drink, buy or use up something
      • To take all your energy; focus the attention
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • consumption

      US /kənˈsʌmpʃən/

      UK /kənˈsʌmpʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The act of buying and using products
      • The act of using energy, food or materials; the amount used
      B1
      More
    • diet

      US /ˈdaɪɪt/

      UK /'daɪət/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To eat special or less food, as to lose weight
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plan of eating to reduce weight or improve health
      • The usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • effort

      US /ˈɛfət/

      UK /ˈefət/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Amount of work used trying to do something
      • A conscious exertion of power; a try.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • elasticity

      US /ɪlæˈstɪsɪti, ˌilæ-/

      UK /ˌi:læˈstɪsəti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Ability to stretch and return to original shape
      • The degree to which demand or supply changes in response to a change in price or other economic factors.
      B2
      More
    • factor

      US /ˈfæktɚ/

      UK /'fæktə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Something that influences a result
      • Transitive Verb
      • To consider or include in an estimate or judgment
      • To find the two numbers a number can be divided by
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • fad

      US /fæd/

      UK /fæd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something popular for a short time
      C1TOEIC
      More
    • ferment

      US / fɚˈmɛnt/

      UK /'fɜ:ment/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • fiction

      US /ˈfɪkʃən/

      UK /ˈfɪkʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Made-up stories; imagined events
      • False statement or account about something
      B1
      More
    • food culture

      US

      UK

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The practices, attitudes, and beliefs as well as the networks and institutions surrounding the production, distribution, preparation, and consumption of food.
      • The culinary traditions and practices specific to a region or community.
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for free

      US /fɔr fri/

      UK /fɔ: fri:/

      • Phrase
      • Without charge; at no cost.
      • Adjective
      • Available without payment.
      A2
      More
    • from scratch

      US /frʌm skrætʃ/

      UK /frɔm skrætʃ/

      • Phrase
      • From the very beginning; from nothing.
      • From the very beginning; using new materials rather than something that already exists.
      A1
      More
    • generally

      US /ˈdʒɛnərəli/

      UK /ˈdʒenrəli/

      • Adverb
      • Usually; as a rule; by, to or for most people
      A2
      More
    • gut

      US /ɡʌt/

      UK /ɡʌt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To destroy the inside of a building , e.g. by fire
      • To remove the internal parts of an animal or fish
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Stomach and internal organs of digestion
      B1
      More
    • hard to say

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Difficult to know or predict; uncertain.
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • health benefits

      US

      UK

      • Noun (plural)
      • Advantages provided by an employer or insurance plan related to healthcare, such as medical, dental, and vision coverage.
      • Positive effects on one's physical or mental condition resulting from certain activities or lifestyle choices.
      More
    • in any case

      US /ɪn ˈɛni kes/

      UK /in ˈeni keis/

      • Phrase
      • Whatever happens; regardless of what has happened or may happen.
      A1
      More
    • inflammation

      US /ˌɪnfləˈmeʃən/

      UK /ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Painful swelling in the body due to illness
      • A condition in which a part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection.
      B2
      More
    • inflammatory

      US /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔri, -ˌtori/

      UK /ɪnˈflæmətri/

      • Adjective
      • Making or intended to make someone angry
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • insulin

      US /ˈɪnsəlɪn/

      UK /ˈɪnsjəlɪn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
      B2
      More
    • lifespan

      US /ˈlaɪfspæn/

      UK /ˈlaɪfspæn/

      • Noun
      • Length of time something is expected to last
      B2
      More
    • mass

      US /mæs/

      UK /mæs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
      • Large amount or number of something
      • Transitive Verb
      • To gather people or things into a large group
      B1
      More
    • microbiome

      US /ˌmaɪ.kroʊ.ˈbaɪ.oʊm/

      UK /ˌmaɪ.krəʊ.ˈbaɪ.əʊm/

      • Noun
      • the microorganisms (= living things too small to be seen) that exist in a particular environment or in the human body
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The community of microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses) that inhabit a particular environment, especially the human body.
      • A specific ecological community of microorganisms.
      C1
      More
    • obese

      US /oˈbis/

      UK /əʊˈbi:s/

      • Adjective
      • Fat over a long period, so harming your health
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A person who is very fat; a person with an unhealthy amount of body fat.
      B2
      More
    • obesity

      US /oˈbisɪti/

      UK /əʊ'bi:sətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of being so fat it can harm your health
      • The state of being far too heavy; corpulence.
      B2
      More
    • of course

      US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/

      UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/

      • Adverb
      • Sure ; Certainly
      • Phrase
      • For sure; certainly
      A2
      More
    • on average

      US /ɑn ˈævərɪdʒ/

      UK /ɔn ˈævəridʒ/

      • Phrase
      • Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
      B1
      More
    • organ

      US /ˈɔrɡən/

      UK /'ɔ:ɡən/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Part of a person's body with a particular function
      • Large institution or body
      B1
      More
    • overweight

      US /ˌovɚˈwet/

      UK /ˌəʊvə'weɪt/

      • Adjective
      • Weighing more than a normal or allowed amount
      • Transitive Verb
      • To give too much importance or weight to something.
      B2
      More
    • plenty

      US /ˈplɛnti/

      UK /'plentɪ/

      • Pronoun
      • When there is not too little of something; a lot
      • Uncountable Noun
      • A large or sufficient amount or quantity; abundance.
      • A lot of something
      A2
      More
    • prefecture

      US /ˈpriˌfɛktʃɚ/

      UK /ˈpri:fektʃə(r)/

      • Noun
      • An administrative state or region in a country
      • An administrative district of a country, especially one in Japan or France.
      C2
      More
    • process

      US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/

      UK /prə'ses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To organize and use data in a computer
      • To deal with official forms in the way required
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Dealing with official forms in the way required
      • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • protein

      US /ˈprəʊˌtiːn/

      UK /ˈprəʊti:n/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Group of molecules made from amino acids
      B1
      More
    • rank

      US /ræŋk/

      UK /ræŋk/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To rate or class things
      • To assign a level or status, as of importance, to
      • Noun
      • Group of people with a certain level of status
      • Level or position, as in society/sport competition
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • rarely

      US /ˈrɛrli/

      UK /ˈrɛəli/

      • Adverb
      • Not often (seen, done, etc.); infrequently
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • response

      US /rɪˈspɑns/

      UK /riˈspɔns/

      • Noun
      • Something said/written as an answer to something
      • Reaction to something that has occurred
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rodent

      US /ˈroʊdnt/

      UK /ˈrəʊdnt/

      • Noun
      • Animal that gnaws/bites, e.g. rat, mouse, rabbit
      B2
      More
    • serve

      US /sɚv/

      UK /sɜ:v/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To act in a particular position or office
      • To hit the first ball to an opponent in tennis etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • snack

      US /snæk/

      UK /snæk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Small amount of food eaten between meals
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To eat a small amount outside of regular meal time
      B2
      More
    • soda

      US /ˈsoʊdə/

      UK /ˈsəʊdə/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sweet bubbly flavored drink
      B2
      More
    • soy

      US /sɔɪ/

      UK /sɔɪ/

      • Noun
      • Food substance made from soya beans
      C2
      More
    • study for

      US /ˈstʌdi fɔr/

      UK /ˈstʌdi fɔ:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To prepare for an examination or test by learning and revising the subject matter.
      More
    • supermarket

      US /ˈsupɚˌmɑrkɪt/

      UK /ˈsju:pəˌmɑ:kit/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Self-service store selling groceries etc.
      C2
      More
    • supplementation

      US /ˌsʌplɪmen'teɪʃn/

      UK /ˌsʌplɪmen'teɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of adding an extra part to something
      C2
      More
    • thanks to

      US /θæŋks tu/

      UK /θæŋks tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; as a result of.
      A1
      More
    • tissue

      US /ˈtɪʃu/

      UK /ˈtɪʃu:/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Substance formed by cells of living thing; flesh
      • Kind of thin, light paper used to pack objects
      A2
      More
    • transportation

      US /ˌtrænspɔ:rˈteɪʃn/

      UK /ˌtrænspɔ:ˈteɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act of moving people or goods between places
      • A system or means of transport, especially public transport.
      B1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • wheat

      US /hwit, wit/

      UK /wi:t/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • A kind of grain that is used to make flour
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B2US
    #organ#meat#wheat#fermented#bacteria#consumption

    Why are people so Healthy in Japan?

    0
    呂念臻 posted on 2018/04/18
    Ever wondered why folks in Japan seem to live so long and stay so healthy? This video dives into the fascinating reasons, from their amazing diet and gut microbiome to walkable cities and even school lunches! You'll pick up advanced vocabulary and complex sentence structures while learning practical tips for a healthier life.

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