Vocabulary

• such as: For example; like
• in the news: Being widely reported in the media.
• condemned to: To be destined for a particular fate, usually negative.
• trade off: Exchange that occurs as a compromise
• talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
• argue against: To present reasons or evidence to oppose a particular idea, plan, or action.
• as soon as: In a short time after (something happens)
• show up: To arrive or be seen at a place, e.g. a party
• based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
• turn to: To go to someone for help, advice, or information.
• in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
• prior to: Before a particular time or event.
• other than: Except for; apart from.
• come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
• of course: Sure ; Certainly
• acquire knowledge: To gain knowledge or skills through learning or experience.
• rather than: More exactly; more correctly
• know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
• in power: Having control of a country or organization.
• at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
• same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
• no laughing matter: Something serious that should not be treated humorously.
• second nature: A behavior that has become automatic or habitual.
• lead to: To result in some action
• carve out: To create or obtain something through effort or skill.
• as one: Acting or moving together at the same time.
• used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
• flaw in: A defect or imperfection in something.
• genetic information: Hereditary information encoded in the genetic material (DNA or RNA) of an organism.
• common: Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
• flaw: Quality that makes something imperfect
• current: Electricity flowing through wires
• fundamental: Forming a necessary part, base, or core
• authority: The power to give orders to people
• reality: What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
• challenge: An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
• political: Being active or interested in government matters
• faith: Belief in a god or gods; religion
• resist: To not be affected by e.g. a force or an effect
• regime: A system of management; a form of government
• democracy: System of government in which everyone is equal
• settle: To make (a child, etc.) feel calm/ready for sleep
• risk: To do something potentially dangerous or foolish
• democratic: (Of government) giving the people power, a vote
• reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
• silence: State of being quiet and not talking for a time
• evaluate: To form an idea to judge something carefully
• flourish: To show and direct attention by waving something
• lapse: (Of license, etc.) to stop being valid; expire
• illustrate: To supply pictures to go along with words
• expose: To make visible, without covering or protection
• undermine: To weaken or destroy secretly and usually slowly
• revolution: When a group overthrows an existing government
• enlightenment: State of having a lot of knowledge and wisdom
• commencement: Time at which something begins
• prior: Existing or coming earlier in time
• naked: Not wearing any clothes; without covering
• withstand: To remain unaffected by something or someone
• constitution: Statement of fundamental principles of a country
• allow: To admit the validity or truth of something
• century: Period of 100 years
• speech: A formal talk to an audience
• traditional: Involved in a custom or event common to a people
• subjective: Using personal feelings and opinions not facts
• carve: To cut a piece of cooked meat into thin slices
• petty: Small and unimportant; small-minded
• exile: State of being forced to leave your country
• amendment: A change, addition, or improvement to something
• revolve: To move something in a circular motion
• dogma: Firm set of beliefs held by a group
• know: To be familiar with a person or place, thing
• proclaim: To indicate or show something clearly
• emperor: Man who rules an empire
• tyranny: Cruel government by a ruler who has complete power
• exploitation: Abuse of, or selfish behavior towards someone
• human: A person; a man, woman or child
• world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
• knowledge: Information, understanding, or skill
• brute: Man who is extremely violent or mean
• wrestling: To fight someone by holding parts of their body
• answer: To reply to a question someone asks
• nature: Person's character or particular way of behaving
• jail: Place to hold criminals being punished for a crime
• dissent: Difference of opinion; a disagreement
• treason: Crime of trying to overthrow your own government
• mayhem: Scene or situation that involves much violence
• massacre: Killing of a large number of people
• coin: A small, flat piece of metal used as money
• call: A order or request for action
• portrayed: To play a character in theater or on film
• tyrannical: Forcing people to do what you want, as by threats
• holocaust: Act of mass destruction and loss of life in a war
• understanding: To know the meaning of language, what someone says
• lax: Not careful about your work or attitudes; sloppy
• conjecture: Forming an opinion/conclusion with little evidence
• foundational: Being the base or important starting point