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Vocabulary

  • think about: To consider something carefully.
  • rise and shine: A phrase used to tell someone to wake up and get out of bed, often in a cheerful way.
  • in sync: Operating or occurring at the same time or rate.
  • have to: Must do
  • number of people: The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
  • jet lagged: Feeling tired and disoriented after a long flight across time zones.
  • wake up: To stop sleeping
  • feel like: To have a desire or inclination for something.
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • clock in: To record the time of one's arrival at work, typically using a time clock.
  • make up: To invent or create a story
  • on and off: Intermittently; not continuously.
  • turn on
  • literally: In a literal manner or sense; exactly as stated.
  • stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • depression: Medical condition of a lack of vitality
  • slightly: Only a little
  • pattern: Model to follow in making or doing something
  • diabetes: Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
  • average: Total of numbers divided by the number of items
  • extreme: Very great in degree
  • necessarily: In a way that is needed/required/is unavoidable
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • mess: Something that is untidy, dirty or unclean
  • productive: Producing things in large quantities; fertile
  • amount: Quantity of something
  • track: To use marks to follow a wild animal
  • fundamental: Forming a necessary part, base, or core
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
  • mutation: Change that changes genetic structure
  • bet: To gamble money to win more money, e.g. on horses
  • alert: Being aware and able to respond quickly
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • similar: Nearly the same; alike
  • society: A group who meet to share values or interests
  • generally: Usually; as a rule; by, to or for most people
  • explain: To make clear or easy to understand by describing
  • suppress: To prevent the display of emotion or feeling
  • preserve: To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
  • release: To free someone from a responsibility or burden
  • melatonin: Hormone secreted by the pineal gland
  • rest: Time when one relaxes, sleeps, or is inactive
  • internal: Being or happening in the body
  • produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
  • preference: Something that is liked/wanted more than another
  • gland: Organ that produces substances for the body to use
  • quirky: Odd or unusual; strange
  • normal: Standard or regular way of doing something
  • nuisance: A troublesome or annoying person or thing
  • lapse: (Of license, etc.) to stop being valid; expire
  • biological: Being related to life and living things
  • master: To gain control over something
  • single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
  • habit: Loose clothing like a cloak, worn by monks, nuns
  • kind: In a caring and helpful manner
  • sync: Short for 'synchronization'
  • prefer: To like something better than something else
  • bowel: End part of the intestine, connected to the anus
  • point: An item to be discussed
  • rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
  • turn: To become (a particular age)
  • difference: A thing or issue that people do not agree about
  • bundle: A group of things that are tied/fastened together
  • nucleus: Center of an atom
  • chart: Drawing showing information in a clear way
  • hamster: Small animal with small tail, and large cheeks
  • colon: Lower part of intestine turning food into waste
  • mid: At (or near) the middle point
  • clockwork: Any mechanism of geared wheels driven by a spring
  • bedtime: Time you go to bed
  • dna: Chemical in living cells with genetic information
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    • alert

      US /əˈlɚt/

      UK /ə'lɜ:t/

      • Adjective
      • Being aware and able to respond quickly
      • Transitive Verb
      • To warn someone so they can respond to it
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • average

      US /ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ/

      UK /'ævərɪdʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Total of numbers divided by the number of items
      • Transitive Verb
      • To add numbers then divide by the number of items
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • bedtime

      US /ˈbɛdˌtaɪm/

      UK /ˈbedtaɪm/

      • Noun
      • Time you go to bed
      C1
      More
    • bet

      US /bet/

      UK /bet/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To gamble money to win more money, e.g. on horses
      • Used to express certainty or confidence
      • Countable Noun
      • Act of gambling money on the result of a race etc.
      A2
      More
    • biological

      US /ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/

      UK /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

      • Adjective
      • Being related to life and living things
      • A substance, such as a detergent, that contains enzymes.
      B1
      More
    • bowel

      US /ˈbaʊəl, baʊl/

      UK /ˈbaʊəl/

      • Noun
      • End part of the intestine, connected to the anus
      B1
      More
    • bundle

      US /ˈbʌndl/

      UK /ˈbʌndl/

      • Countable Noun
      • A group of things that are tied/fastened together
      • A set of products sold together cheaply
      • Transitive Verb
      • To fasten, tie or wrap several things together
      • To sell a set of products at a lower price
      B1
      More
    • chart

      US /tʃɑ:rt/

      UK /tʃɑ:t/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Drawing showing information in a clear way
      • Map of the sea or stars
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make a plan for future action
      • To make a map of
      B1
      More
    • clock in

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To record the time of one's arrival at work, typically using a time clock.
      A1
      More
    • clockwork

      US /ˈklɑkˌwə:k/

      UK /ˈklɔkˌwɜ:k/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Any mechanism of geared wheels driven by a spring
      C1
      More
    • colon

      US /ˈkolən/

      UK /'kəʊlən/

      • Noun
      • Lower part of intestine turning food into waste
      • Symbol: used in writing e.g. before lists
      B2
      More
    • depression

      US /dɪˈprɛʃən/

      UK /dɪ'preʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Medical condition of a lack of vitality
      • Period of unemployment and low economic activity
      B2
      More
    • diabetes

      US /ˌdaɪəˈbitɪs, -tiz/

      UK /ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
      • A form of diabetes, usually diagnosed in children and young adults, in which the body does not produce insulin.
      B2
      More
    • dna

      US

      UK

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Chemical in living cells with genetic information
      B2
      More
    • extreme

      US /ɪkˈstrim/

      UK /ɪk'stri:m/

      • Adjective
      • Very great in degree
      • Farthest from a center
      • Noun
      • Effort that is thought more than is necessary
      • The furthest point or limit of something.
      B1
      More
    • feel like

      US

      UK

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To have a desire or inclination for something.
      • To have a particular quality or sensation; resemble.
      A1
      More
    • fundamental

      US /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl/

      UK /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/

      • Adjective
      • Forming a necessary part, base, or core
      • Of central importance.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A basic part of something
      • (Music) the lowest note in a harmony
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • generally

      US /ˈdʒɛnərəli/

      UK /ˈdʒenrəli/

      • Adverb
      • Usually; as a rule; by, to or for most people
      A2
      More
    • gland

      US /ɡlænd/

      UK /ɡlænd/

      • Noun
      • Organ that produces substances for the body to use
      B2
      More
    • habit

      US /ˈhæbɪt/

      UK /'hæbɪt/

      • Noun
      • Loose clothing like a cloak, worn by monks, nuns
      • Usual way of behaving; something often repeated
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • hamster

      US /ˈhæmstɚ/

      UK /ˈhæmstə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • Small animal with small tail, and large cheeks
      B2
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • in sync

      US /ɪn sɪŋk/

      UK /in siŋk/

      • Adjective
      • Operating or occurring at the same time or rate.
      • Adverb
      • In a state of coordination or harmony.
      More
    • internal

      US /ɪnˈtɚnəl/

      UK /inˈtə:nəl/

      • Adjective
      • Being or happening in the body
      • Being, happening in a country, state, organization
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • jet lagged

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Feeling tired and disoriented after a long flight across time zones.
      More
    • lapse

      US /læps/

      UK /læps/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of license, etc.) to stop being valid; expire
      • Noun
      • Mistake or error; halt, e.g. in concentration
      B2
      More
    • literally

      US /ˈlɪtərəli/

      UK

      • Adverb
      • In a literal manner or sense; exactly as stated.
      • Used for emphasis to describe something that is actually true, often to highlight surprise or intensity.
      B1
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • make up

      US /mek ʌp/

      UK /meik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To invent or create a story
      • To add up to
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To invent a story, excuse, etc.
      • To compensate for something lost, missed, or deficient.
      A1
      More
    • master

      US /ˈmæstɚ/

      UK /'mɑ:stə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To gain control over something
      • To learn to do something very well
      • Adjective
      • Being very skilled at doing something
      • Being the main or most important thing or part
      A2
      More
    • melatonin

      US //mel.əˈtoʊ.nɪn//

      UK //mel.əˈtəʊ.nɪn//

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Hormone secreted by the pineal gland
      • A synthetic form of the hormone melatonin, often taken as a dietary supplement to promote sleep.
      B1
      More
    • mess

      US /mɛs/

      UK /mes/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something that is untidy, dirty or unclean
      • A difficult or confused situation.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something untidy or dirty
      A2
      More
    • mid

      US /mɪd/

      UK /mɪd/

      • Adjective
      • At (or near) the middle point
      B2
      More
    • mutation

      US /mjuˈteʃən/

      UK /mju:'teɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Change that changes genetic structure
      B2
      More
    • necessarily

      US /ˌnɛsɪˈsɛrəli, -ˈsɛr-/

      UK /ˌnesəˈserəli/

      • Adverb
      • In a way that is needed/required/is unavoidable
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • nucleus

      US /ˈnuːkliəs/

      UK /ˈnjuːkliəs/

      • Noun
      • Center of an atom
      • Control center of a cell
      B2
      More
    • nuisance

      US /ˈnu:sns/

      UK /ˈnju:sns/

      • Noun
      • A troublesome or annoying person or thing
      B1
      More
    • number of people

      US /ˈnʌmbɚ ʌv ˈpipəl/

      UK /ˈnʌmbə ɔv ˈpi:pl/

      • Phrase
      • The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
      • A statistical figure representing the population size or a subset thereof.
      A1
      More
    • on and off

      US /ɑn ənd ɔf/

      UK /ɔn ænd ɔf/

      • Adverb
      • Intermittently; not continuously.
      • Adjective
      • Characterized by periods of involvement and separation.
      A1
      More
    • pattern

      US /ˈpætən/

      UK /'pætn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Model to follow in making or doing something
      • Colors or shapes which are repeated on objects
      • Transitive Verb
      • To copy the way something else is made
      • To decorate with a pattern.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • preference

      US /ˈprɛfərəns, ˈprɛfrəns/

      UK /ˈprefrəns/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something that is liked/wanted more than another
      • Special consideration or advantage given to someone or something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • preserve

      US /prɪˈzɜ:rv/

      UK /prɪˈzɜ:v/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
      • To protect something from harm, loss or damage
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sweet fruit spread; jam
      • Protected area of land with plants and animals
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • pressure

      US /ˈprɛʃɚ/

      UK /'preʃə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Anxiety caused by difficult problems
      • Force, weight when pressing against a thing
      • Transitive Verb
      • To apply force to something
      • To persuade or force someone to do something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • productive

      US /prəˈdʌktɪv, pro-/

      UK /prəˈdʌktɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Producing things in large quantities; fertile
      • Doing a lot of work and achieving a lot
      B1
      More
    • quirky

      US /'kwɜ:kɪ/

      UK /'kwɜ:kɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Odd or unusual; strange
      B2
      More
    • release

      US /rɪ'li:s/

      UK /rɪ'li:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To free someone from a responsibility or burden
      • To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
      • Noun
      • Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
      • Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • rise and shine

      US

      UK

      • Interjection
      • A phrase used to tell someone to wake up and get out of bed, often in a cheerful way.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To wake up and start the day with energy and enthusiasm.
      B1
      More
    • slightly

      US /ˈslaɪtli/

      UK /ˈslaɪtli/

      • Adverb
      • Only a little
      B1
      More
    • society

      US /səˈsaɪɪti/

      UK /sə'saɪətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A group who meet to share values or interests
      • Group of people living together
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • stuff

      US /stʌf/

      UK /stʌf/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Generic description for things, materials, objects
      • Transitive Verb
      • To push material inside something, with force
      B1
      More
    • suppress

      US /səˈprɛs/

      UK /səˈpres/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To prevent the display of emotion or feeling
      • To use force to prevent something happening
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • sync

      US /sɪŋk/

      UK /sɪŋk/

      • Noun
      • Short for 'synchronization'
      C1
      More
    • think about

      US /θɪŋk əˈbaʊt/

      UK /θiŋk əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To consider something carefully.
      • To remember or call to mind.
      A1
      More
    • track

      US /træk/

      UK /træk/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To use marks to follow a wild animal
      • To move a certain way/follow a particular course
      • Noun
      • A circular course for running
      • Course or way someone takes, e.g. in education
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • turn on

      US /tɚn ɑn/

      UK /tə:n ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To cause someone to be interested or excited
      • Transitive Verb
      • To activate or switch on a device or appliance.
      • To suddenly attack or criticize someone.
      A1
      More
    • wake up

      US /wek ʌp/

      UK /weik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To stop sleeping
      • To become fully aware and alert to a situation.
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B1US
    #Vox#chronotype#clock#sleep#early#body

    Late sleeper? Blame your genes.

    0
    Jacky Avocado Tao posted on 2023/08/11
    Ever wonder why some people are morning larks and others are night owls? This video dives into the fascinating science of chronotypes, explaining how your genes and circadian rhythm influence your sleep patterns! You'll pick up some awesome new vocabulary like 'melatonin' and 'social jetlag' that you can use in everyday conversations.

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