Vocabulary

• on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
• shift in: A change or alteration in something.
• as well as: Also; in addition to
• ward off: To avert, deflect, or repel (something dangerous or undesirable).
• for example: As an illustration or instance.
• in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
• pass down: To give something to someone younger than you in your family, often after you die.
• based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
• stand for: To support a particular idea, e.g. in politics
• ultimate: Basic; original; most significant
• sophisticated: Making a good sounding but misleading argument
• recognize: To accept the truth or reality of something
• pretend: To act as if something is true when it is not
• deliberate: Carefully thought out in advance
• empathy: Understanding how other people feel/suffer
• demonstrate: To display a feeling or ability openly
• evidence: Factual proof that helps to establish the truth
• simultaneously: At the same time; all together
• structure: The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
• evolve: To develop certain features
• comprehension: Act of understanding, e.g. a reading text
• coincidence: Occurrence by chance, not design or planned
• achieve: To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard
• confident: Feeling that you can do well at something
• navigate: To direct (car, plane etc.) in the right direction
• barrier: Difficult situation preventing something happening
• complex: Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
• property: Particular quality that someone or something has
• mimic: Someone who tries to act like another person
• awareness: Having knowledge of something
• shift: To change in position or direction
• escape: Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
• prey: To hunt (other animals) in order to eat them
• surface: To give (road) a top layer
• perform: To carry out an action well or successfully
• require: To demand that someone does something
• form: Sports team or person's current winning record
• compare: To consider how similar and different things are
• survive: To continue to live despite illness or trouble
• throw: To use your arm to make something fly in the air
• suggest: To mention something that could be done; propose
• social: Involving activity with people, e.g. in free time
• disruption: When a disturbance stops an activity in progress
• place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
• uncertainty: Feeling of not really knowing what will happen
• expedition: Long journey, often to a dangerous or new place
• intentional: Done with a deliberate plan to do or achieve
• empathize: To imagine or understand how others feel
• language: Words or signs used to communicate messages
• bring: To take or go with someone to a place
• head: To hit a ball with your head in a game
• mourn: To feel or show extreme sadness
• seaweed: Plant growing in the sea, especially marine algae
• pollution: Dangerous substances released into an environment
• syntax: Study of the way words are organized in a sentence
• bore: To accept (responsibilities or duties)
• ward: Person's name
• understand: To know the meaning of language, what someone says
• designate: To officially choose for a position; appoint
• cooperation: Working together to get something done
• transmission: Part of car including gears affecting speed of car
• sponge: Soft cleaning material able to absorb water
• carry: To have a child, be pregnant
• govern: To officially control land and make policies
• group: Two or more musicians who play music together
• aquatic: Living or growing near or in water
• altruism: Selfless concern for the well-being of others
• quotient: Number resulting from dividing a number by another
• hoop: Round or circular shape or object
• nickname: Name given by friends or family
• garland: Crown made from flowers and leaves worn on head