actual
US /ˈæktʃuəl/
UK /ˈæktʃuəl/
- Adjective
- Real or existing in fact, not imagined; real
- Current; existing at the present time.
A2TOEICMoreagent
US /ˈedʒənt/
UK /'eɪdʒənt/
- Noun
- Chemical with the power to make chemical reactions
- Person who represents or decides for others
A2TOEICMoreapproach
US /əˈprəʊtʃ/
UK /ə'prəʊtʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- To request someone to do something specific
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
- Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
A2TOEICMoreas opposed to
US
UK
- Preposition
- In contrast to; rather than.
- Instead of; in place of.
A1Moreat least
US /æt list/
UK /æt li:st/
- Adverb
- As a minimum
- Not less than
- Phrase
- No less than; at the minimum
- Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
C2Moreat scale
US
UK
- Phrase
- In large quantities; with significant reach or impact.
- Widely; extensively; with broad application.
A1Moreat some point
US /æt sʌm pɔɪnt/
UK /æt sʌm pɔint/
- Phrase
- At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
A1Moreat the same time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- Nevertheless; however; used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
A1Moreauto
US /ˈɔ:toʊ/
UK /ˈɔ:təʊ/
- Noun
- Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
B2Morebasically
US /ˈbesɪkəli,-kli/
UK /ˈbeɪsɪkli/
- Adverb
- Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- In essence; when you consider the most important aspects of something.
A2Morebenchmark
US /ˈbentʃmɑ:rk/
UK /ˈbentʃmɑ:k/
- Noun
- Standard by which other similar things are judged
B2TOEICMorebring to
US /brɪŋ tu/
UK /briŋ tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To make someone to wake up from being unconscious
A1Morebunch
US /bʌntʃ/
UK /bʌntʃ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A group of things of the same kind
- A group of people.
- Transitive Verb
- To group people or things closely together
B1Morecapability
US /ˌkeɪpə'bɪləti/
UK /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Means, ability, or potential to do something
- The potential or capacity for future development or achievement.
B1Morecapital
US /ˈkæpɪtl/
UK /'kæpɪtl/
- Noun
- Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- Official main city of a country, province or state
- Adjective
- Main, or major
- (Of an offense) liable to the death penalty.
A2Morecome at
US /kʌm æt/
UK /kʌm æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To approach someone to attack them
A1Morecome from
US /kʌm frʌm/
UK /kʌm frɔm/
- Phrasal Verb
- To have as your native country or city
A1Morecomponent
US /kəmˈponənt/
UK /kəmˈpəʊnənt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of the parts that something is made up of
- A constituent part; ingredient.
- Adjective
- Being a part of something
A2Moreconstant
US /ˈkɑnstənt/
UK /'kɒnstənt/
- Adjective
- Happening frequently or without pause
- Remaining the same over time or not changing.
- Noun
- Thing that happens always or at a regular rate
- A physical quantity that is believed to have a fixed value and is used in calculations.
A2TOEICMorecorrect
US /kəˈrɛkt/
UK /kə'rekt/
- Adjective
- Being suitable and appropriate for an occasion
- True or accurate
- Transitive Verb
- To fix a problem
- To write marks on a piece of work to show mistakes
A2Moredeal with
US /dil wɪð/
UK /di:l wið/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To buy or sell goods or services.
- Phrasal Verb
- To take action to solve a problem or manage a situation.
- To be about; concern.
A1Moredenominator
US /dɪˈnɑməˌnetɚ/
UK /dɪˈnɒmɪneɪtə(r)/
- Noun
- Bottom number in a fraction
B2TOEICMoredig in
US /dɪɡ ɪn/
UK /diɡ in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To start eating eagerly and enthusiastically.
- To establish a defensive position; to entrench oneself.
B1Moredig into
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To start eating food enthusiastically.
- To investigate or research something thoroughly.
B1Moredo in
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To make completely tired out and exhausted
- To destroy or cause damage to someone
A1Moreempirical
US /ɛmˈpɪrɪkəl/
UK /ɪmˈpɪrɪkl/
- Adjective
- Based on observation or experiment
B1TOEICMoreend up with
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To have something as a result.
A1Moreenergy
US /ˈɛnədʒi/
UK /'enədʒɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Physical or mental strength
- Enthusiasm and determination.
A2Moreequation
US /ɪˈkweʒən, -ʃən/
UK /ɪˈkweɪʒn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Mathematical statement showing things to be equal
- Complex set of different facts, ideas or issues
B1Morefeel like
US
UK
- Intransitive Verb
- To have a desire or inclination for something.
- To have a particular quality or sensation; resemble.
A1Morefigure out
US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/
UK /ˈfiɡə aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To understand the behavior of someone
- To think through logically to find a solution
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To understand or find an answer to something.
- To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
A1Morefor example
US
UK
- Phrase
- As an illustration or instance.
for some reason
US /fɔr sʌm ˈrizən/
UK /fɔ: sʌm ˈri:zən/
- Phrase
- For a reason that is not known or not easily explained.
A1Morefor sure
US /fɔr ʃʊr/
UK /fɔ: ʃuə/
- Adverb
- Definitely; certainly; without a doubt.
- Used to emphasize a statement.
- Interjection
- An expression of strong agreement or affirmation.
A2Morefor the sake of
US /fɔr ði sek ʌv/
UK /fɔ: ðə seik ɔv/
- Phrase
- For the purpose of; in the interest of.
A1Moreframework
US /ˈfreɪmwɜ:rk/
UK /ˈfreɪmwɜ:k/
- Noun
- Skeleton structure of a building or construction
- Basic structure of something
B1TOEICMoreget lost
US /ɡɛt lɔst/
UK /ɡet lɔ:st/
- Intransitive Verb
- An impolite way of telling someone to go away.
- To become unable to find your way; to lose your sense of direction.
- Interjection
- An impolite way of telling someone to go away.
A1Moreget out of
US /ɡɛt aʊt ʌv/
UK /ɡet aut ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To leave or escape responsibilities, troubles
- To leave a small, enclosed vehicle
A1Moregoing on
US /ˈɡoɪŋ ɑn/
UK /ˈgəʊɪŋ ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue doing something
- To happen (usually negative)
A1Moregot to
US /ɡɑt tu/
UK /gɔt tu:/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To arrive at some place
- To have the opportunity or permission to do something
- Phrasal Verb
- To appeal to the emotions of; move
- To finally begin to start something after a delay
A1Moreharness
US /ˈhɑrnɪs/
UK /'hɑ:nɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To capture the power of something
- To put a harness on (an animal).
- Noun
- Equipment used by horses to pull things
- A means of controlling and utilizing something, especially natural energy.
B1TOEICMorehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Moreimpact
US /ˈɪmˌpækt/
UK /'ɪmpækt/
- Noun
- A striking effect or result to hit with force
- Act or force of one thing hitting something else
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To hit or strike someone or something with force
- To have a strong effect on someone or something.
A2TOEICMorein a sense
US /ɪn e sɛns/
UK /in ə sens/
- Phrase
- In one way of thinking; to some extent; in some ways.
B1Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense
A1Moreinference
US /ˈɪnfərəns/
UK /ˈɪnfərəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Conclusion reached after considering the evidence
- Suggestion being made, not said straight
B1TOEICMoreinteract with
US /ˌɪntɚˈækt wɪð/
UK /ˌɪntərˈækt wið/
- Phrase
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To engage in communication or action involving mutual or reciprocal influence.
- To use a computer interface to achieve a specific goal.
A2Morelab
US /læb/
UK /læb/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Short for 'laboratory'
B1Moreleave out
US /liv aʊt/
UK /li:v aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To forget; omit
A1Morelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moreloop
US /lup/
UK /lu:p/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A circle or curved shape, as when you tie a lace
- A circle of rope or string to put around something
- Transitive Verb
- To put a circle of rope around something
B2TOEICMoremuch about
US /mʌtʃ əˈbaʊt/
UK /mʌtʃ əˈbaut/
- Phrase
- A lot of information or knowledge concerning something.
- To a great extent or degree regarding something; caring.
A1Moremultiple
US /ˈmʌltəpəl/
UK /ˈmʌltɪpl/
- Adjective
- Having or involving more than one of something
- Having or involving several parts, elements, or members.
- Countable Noun
- Number produced by multiplying a smaller number
- A number of identical circuit elements connected in parallel or series.
B1Morenumerator
US /ˈnu:məreɪtə(r)/
UK /ˈnju:məreɪtə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Dividend of a fraction
C2Moreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Moreon top of that
US
UK
- Phrase
- In addition to something already mentioned; furthermore.
A1Moreoptimize
US /ˈɑ:ptɪmaɪz/
UK /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/
- Transitive Verb
- To make as effective as possible
B2Moreover time
US /ˈovɚ taɪm/
UK /ˈəuvə taim/
- Phrase
- Gradually; as time passes.
- During a long period.
- Adverb
- Gradually; as time passes.
B1Morepour in
US /pɔr ɪn/
UK /pɔ: in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To arrive or enter a place in large numbers or amounts.
- To add a liquid to something.
A1Moreprompt
US /prɑmpt/
UK /prɒmpt/
- Noun
- Message on a computer requiring attention
- Encouragement to ask someone else to talk
- Transitive Verb
- To display a message to requires a user to act
- To say something to encourage someone else to talk
B1Moreresearch
US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/
UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Study done to discover new ideas and facts
- A particular area or topic of study.
A2TOEICMoresame time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- At the identical time as before; recurring at a fixed hour.
- Noun
- An equal duration or period.
A1Morescale
US /skel/
UK /skeɪl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Size, level, or amount when compared
- Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To change the size of but keep the proportions
- To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
A2TOEICMoresolve
US /sɑ:lv/
UK /sɒlv/
- Transitive Verb
- To figure out a way to handle a difficult problem
A2TOEICMorespeed up
US /spid ʌp/
UK /spi:d ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To move more quickly
A2Morestack
US /stæk/
UK /stæk/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A large number or amount of something
- Large tube through which smoke exits a building
- Transitive Verb
- To arrange cards in a certain order, to cheat
- To put one thing on top of another, e.g. boxes
B1TOEICMorestatement
US / ˈstetmənt/
UK /ˈsteɪtmənt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Record of activity in a bank account over time
- Act or process of saying something formally
A2TOEICMorestuff
US /stʌf/
UK /stʌf/
- Uncountable Noun
- Generic description for things, materials, objects
- Transitive Verb
- To push material inside something, with force
B1Moretake on
US /tek ɑn/
UK /teik ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To acquire a new characteristic
- To accept a new responsibility, role
A1Moretakeoff
US /ˈtekˌɔf, -ˌɑf/
UK /'teɪkɔ:f/
- Noun
- A composition imitating someones artistic work
- Moment a plane leaves the ground
C2Moretalking about
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To discuss a particular topic.
- To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
A1Moretheory
US /ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri/
UK /ˈθiəri/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
- An idea or belief about something
A2TOEICMorethink about
US /θɪŋk əˈbaʊt/
UK /θiŋk əˈbaut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To consider something carefully.
- To remember or call to mind.
A1Morethink of
US /θɪŋk ʌv/
UK /θiŋk ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To look on as (being something specific); consider
- To consider or remember something.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To imagine or call something to mind
A1Morethink on
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To consider something carefully before making a decision.
A1Moreupper
US /ˈʌpɚ/
UK /ˈʌpə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Drug that improves mood or increases energy
- Something happy or encouraging
- Adjective
- Located above others of the same kind
- Being the northern part of a region
B1Morevariance
US /ˈvɛriəns, ˈvær-/
UK /ˈveəriəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of not agreeing
- (Statistics) amount of difference in distributions
B1Moreweird
US /wɪrd/
UK /wɪəd/
- Adjective
- Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
- Eerily strange or disturbing.
B1Morewith respect to
US /wɪð rɪˈspɛkt tu/
UK /wið risˈpekt tu:/
- Preposition
- In relation to; regarding.
- Phrase
- In relation to; concerning.
A1Morework on
US /wɚk ɑn/
UK /wə:k ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To devote effort to improve or develop something
- To try to persuade or influence someone.
A1Morework out
US /wɚk aʊt/
UK /wə:k aut/
- Phrasal Verb
- To find a way to do something, by thinking
A1Morewrite down
US /raɪt daʊn/
UK /rait daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To record in writing
A1More
Vocabulary
- have to: Must do
- think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- over time: Gradually; as time passes.
- for example: As an illustration or instance.
- think about: To consider something carefully.
- deal with
- at some point: At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
- come from: To have as your native country or city
- as opposed to: In contrast to; rather than.
- pour in: To arrive or enter a place in large numbers or amounts.
- get out of: To leave or escape responsibilities, troubles
- for sure: Definitely; certainly; without a doubt.
- at least: As a minimum
- work on: To devote effort to improve or develop something
- speed up: To move more quickly
- talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
- dig into: To start eating food enthusiastically.
- in a sense: In one way of thinking; to some extent; in some ways.
- take on: To acquire a new characteristic
- with respect to: In relation to; regarding.
- end up with: To have something as a result.
- dig in: To start eating eagerly and enthusiastically.
- for some reason: For a reason that is not known or not easily explained.
- write down: To record in writing
- leave out: To forget; omit
- come at: To approach someone to attack them
- feel like: To have a desire or inclination for something.
- think on: To consider something carefully before making a decision.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- at scale: In large quantities; with significant reach or impact.
- get lost: An impolite way of telling someone to go away.
- work out
- much about: A lot of information or knowledge concerning something.
- going on: To continue doing something
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
- for the sake of: For the purpose of; in the interest of.
- bring to: To make someone to wake up from being unconscious
- do in: To make completely tired out and exhausted
- got to: To arrive at some place
- figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
- on top of that: In addition to something already mentioned; furthermore.
- interact with
- at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
- weird: Odd or unusual; surprising; strange
- approach: To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- bunch: A group of things of the same kind
- multiple: Having or involving more than one of something
- constant: Happening frequently or without pause
- basically: Used before you explain something simply, clearly
- improve: To make, or become, something better
- scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
- realize: To become aware of or understand mentally
- impact: A striking effect or result to hit with force
- sense: Certain mental feeling or emotion
- amount: Quantity of something
- research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
- bit: Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- component: One of the parts that something is made up of
- statement: Record of activity in a bank account over time
- theory: Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
- brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
- capital: Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- prompt: Message on a computer requiring attention
- stack: A large number or amount of something
- pretty: Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
- harness: To capture the power of something
- actual: Real or existing in fact, not imagined; real
- equation: Mathematical statement showing things to be equal
- energy: Physical or mental strength
- correct: Being suitable and appropriate for an occasion
- framework: Skeleton structure of a building or construction
- belief: Being sure that something exists or is true
- loop: A circle or curved shape, as when you tie a lace
- company: Good feeling from being with someone else
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- agent: Chemical with the power to make chemical reactions
- important: Having power or authority
- single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
- kind: In a caring and helpful manner
- solve: To figure out a way to handle a difficult problem
- optimize: To make as effective as possible
- empirical: Based on observation or experiment
- benchmark: Standard by which other similar things are judged
- capability: Means, ability, or potential to do something
- upper: Drug that improves mood or increases energy
- lab: Short for 'laboratory'
- inference: Conclusion reached after considering the evidence
- variance: State of not agreeing
- takeoff: A composition imitating someones artistic work
- denominator: Bottom number in a fraction
- auto: Car; a road vehicle with four or more wheels
- numerator: Dividend of a fraction
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Recursive Self-Improvement and the Future of AI
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/10/14Curious about the future of AI? This conversation dives into the fascinating concept of Recursive Self-Improvement, where researchers explain how models might eventually improve themselves without human intervention. It is a great way to pick up technical terminology like 'optimizer' and 'closed-loop system' while listening to experts debate the real-world possibilities of AI takeoff.
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