Vocabulary

• along with: In addition to; together with.
• take on: To acquire a new characteristic
• also known as: Also called; alternatively named.
• in addition to: Besides; as well as
• by steam: Using steam-powered vehicles or machinery for transport.
• on the other hand : Considering a different aspect of the matter; alternatively.
• in terms of
• of course: Sure ; Certainly
• on the way: During the journey to a particular place.
• in glass: Kept inside glass containers or greenhouses for protection or display.
• solar cells: Photovoltaic cells that convert sunlight into electricity.
• in the air: Present or circulating in the atmosphere.
• except for: Not including; excluding.
• process: To organize and use data in a computer
• present: Being in attendance; being there; having turned up
• common: Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
• bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
• atmosphere: Air around us
• align: To arrange (e.g. objects) in line with one another
• strict: Tending to enforce rules; severe
• crust: Hard outer layer of something, e.g. the earth
• blast: To attack someone with words
• state: Region within a country, with its own government
• synthetic: Not natural; made from artificial materials
• surface: To give (road) a top layer
• form: Sports team or person's current winning record
• obsolete: Not used anymore because something newer exists
• spin: To make a ball rotate when throwing it
• mass: Religious ceremony in some Christian churches
• oxygen: A gas in the air that we need to breathe
• convert: To switch from a religion, belief etc. to another
• shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
• element: Essential or particular part of something
• produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
• radiation: Energy transmitted as rays, waves or particles
• react: To change when mixing with other chemicals
• exceptionally: In an extremely and unusually good way
• utility: Public services such as gas, water, or electricity
• plastic: Stiff but usually flexible man-made material
• spiral: A continuous curve round a central point
• vary: To change something and make it different
• utilize: To use something for a particular purpose
• dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
• commonly: Typically, normally; not unusually
• carbon: Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
• obtain: To be given or to earn something through efforts
• copper: Reddish-brown metal used in cables or wires
• dust: To apply a fine powder to, e.g. sugar to a cake
• acid: Sour substance that reacts with metals e.g. lemon
• hydrogen: Lightest of all chemical elements
• melt: To disappear or to go away
• natural: Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
• solar: Concerning the sun, or its heat
• stable: In a position where something does not fall over
• heat: State of anger, excitement, or arguing
• pump: To make liquid or gas flow in a particular direction
• finally: used especially at the beginning of a sentence to introduce the last point or idea
• refine: To change slightly in order to improve it
• aerobic: Needing oxygen to live
• carry: To have a child, be pregnant
• ultraviolet: Concerning light waves that are extremely short
• group: Two or more musicians who play music together
• combustion: An act or instance of burning
• molecular: About or caused by molecules
• diabolical: Of, concerning, or characteristic of the devil; satanic
• geothermal: Sourcing heat from the center of the Earth
• earth: Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
• sludge: Very thick type of mud, usually caused by rain
• long: Person's name
• radioactive: Emitting harmful energy from nuclear activity
• furnace: Container with hot fire for melting metal, etc.
• sulfur: Smelly yellow chemical often found near volcanoes
• ozone: Gas protecting the earth from the sun
• highly: In a manner that shows approval
• fruit: Result or product of something
• elemental: Being basic and important
• liquefy: To become liquid