adherence
US /ædˈhɪrəns, -ˈhɛr-/
UK /ədˈhɪərəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Faithful support a cause, religion, etc.
B2Moreadulthood
US /'ædʌlthʊd/
UK /'ædʌlthʊd/
- Uncountable Noun
- Time of life when a person is fully grown
- The time when someone has the rights and responsibilities of an adult.
B1Morechildhood
US /ˈtʃaɪldˌhʊd/
UK /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
- Uncountable Noun
- The time when you are a child
B1Morecircus
US /ˈsɜ:rkəs/
UK /ˈsɜ:kəs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Shows with clowns animals etc. performed in a tent
- A chaotic or disorganized event or situation.
B1Morecomplex
US /kəmˈplɛks, ˈkɑmˌplɛks/
UK /'kɒmpleks/
- Countable Noun
- Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- Adjective
- Not being simple; having many parts or aspects
A2Moredetermine
US /dɪˈtɚmɪn/
UK /dɪ'tɜ:mɪn/
- Transitive Verb
- To control exactly how something will be or act
- To establish the facts about; discover
A2TOEICMoredevote
US /dɪˈvoʊt/
UK /dɪˈvəʊt/
- Transitive Verb
- To dedicate
- To decide to use or give (your time, efforts)
B1Moredevotion
US /dɪˈvoʃən/
UK /dɪ'vəʊʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Strong love or attachment; a commitment to
- Religious worship or observance.
B1Moredistract
US /dɪˈstrækt/
UK /dɪ'strækt/
- Transitive Verb
- To draw someone's attention away from something
B1TOEICMoreemotional
US /ɪˈmoʃənəl/
UK /ɪˈməʊʃənl/
- Adjective
- Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
- Relating to or characterized by emotion
A2Moreemphasis
US /ˈɛmfəsɪs/
UK /ˈemfəsɪs/
- Uncountable Noun
- Special attention, importance, or force
- Stress placed on part of a word or phrase
A2TOEICMoreentertainment
US /ˌɛntɚˈtenmənt/
UK /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/
- Uncountable Noun
- Act or process of providing service for someone
- Singing, dancing, telling jokes to amuse people
A2TOEICMorefactual
US
UK
- Adjective
- Involving or being based upon evidence
B1Morefairy
US /ˈfɛri/
UK /'feərɪ/
- Noun
- Small imaginary being that can do magic
B1Morefate
US /fet/
UK /feɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- What will happen to you in the future, often bad
- Power that determines what happens; destiny
B1Moregrind
US /ɡraɪnd/
UK /ɡraɪnd/
- Transitive Verb
- To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
- To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
- Uncountable Noun
- Hard work or effort
B2Moreillustrate
US /ˈɪləˌstret, ɪˈlʌsˌtret/
UK /ˈɪləstreɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To supply pictures to go along with words
- To be an example that explains or proves something
A2TOEICMoreindividual
US /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl/
UK /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/
- Countable Noun
- Single person, looked at separately from others
- A single thing or item, especially when part of a set or group.
- Adjective
- Made for use by one single person
- Having a distinct manner different from others
A2Moreindustrialization
US /ɪnˌdʌstrɪələˈzeʃən/
UK /ɪnˌdʌstrɪəlaɪ'zeɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Process of creating and developing many businesses
B1Moreinstead of
US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/
UK /inˈsted ɔv/
- Preposition
- When one thing is replaced by another
- Adverb
- As a substitute or alternative.
A1Moreloyal
US /ˈlɔɪəl/
UK /ˈlɔɪəl/
- Adjective
- Always showing support for; faithful
- Demonstrating allegiance to one's country.
B1TOEICMoremobility
US /moˈbɪliti/
UK /məʊˈbɪləti/
- Uncountable Noun
- Ability to move
- The ability to move between different levels of society or employment.
C1Morenumb
US /nʌm/
UK /nʌm/
- Adjective
- Unable to feel a body part due to cold or illness
- Transitive Verb
- To make a part of body unable to feel (pain, etc.)
B2Morephilosophy
US /fɪˈlɑsəfi/
UK /fə'lɒsəfɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Study of ideas about the basic nature of life
- Attitude to life that a person has
C1Morephysical
US /ˈfɪzɪkəl/
UK /ˈfɪzɪkl/
- Countable Noun
- Health check at the doctors' or hospital
- Adjective
- Concerning the body of a person
- Concerning things that can be seen or touched
A2Morepleasure
US /ˈplɛʒɚ/
UK /'pleʒə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Feeling of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction
- A thing that causes enjoyment or delight.
- Transitive Verb
- To give someone pleasure or satisfaction.
A2TOEICMorepollution
US /pəˈluʃən/
UK /pəˈlu:ʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Dangerous substances released into an environment
- The action of polluting; the state of being polluted.
B1TOEICMorepoverty
US /ˈpɑvəti/
UK /ˈpɔvəti/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of being poor
- Lack of something necessary
B1Morereflect
US /rɪˈflɛkt/
UK /rɪ'flekt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To indicate or be a sign of something
- To bounce back light, heat, sound from a surface
A2TOEICMorerejection
US /rɪˈdʒɛkʃən/
UK /rɪ'dʒekʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Decision that something is not good enough
- Act of refusing to consider or believe
B1Moreremain
US /rɪˈmen/
UK /rɪˈmeɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To be left behind; to continue to exist
- To stay in a place when other people have gone
A2TOEICMoresissy
US /ˈsɪsi/
UK /'sɪsɪ/
- Adjective
- (Of a male) cowardly; easily scared
- Noun
- Male who is cowardly or easily scared
C2Morestrict
US /strɪkt/
UK /strɪkt/
- Adjective
- Tending to enforce rules; severe
- (Of orders) that must be obeyed
A2Morestructure
US /ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ/
UK /ˈstrʌk.tʃə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- A building or other man-made object.
- Transitive Verb
- To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
A2TOEICMoresuch as
US /sʌtʃ æz/
UK /sʌtʃ æz/
- Preposition
- For example; like
A1Moreunbalanced
US /ʌnˈbælənst/
UK /ˌʌnˈbælənst/
- Transitive Verb
- To spread weight unequally so one side is heavier
- To make two things not equal to each other
- Adjective
- Losing your mind; going a little crazy
B1Morewander
US /ˈwɑ:ndə(r)/
UK /ˈwɒndə(r)/
- Intransitive Verb
- To move through a place with no particular purpose
- To move through a place with no particular purpose
A2TOEICMorewealth
US /wɛlθ/
UK /welθ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Amount of money or possessions you own, e.g. large
A2TOEICMore
Vocabulary
- such as: For example; like
- instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
- individual: Single person, looked at separately from others
- present: Being in attendance; being there; having turned up
- physical: Health check at the doctors' or hospital
- determine: To control exactly how something will be or act
- structure: The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- poverty: State of being poor
- philosophy: Study of ideas about the basic nature of life
- express: To send something by fast mail
- distract: To draw someone's attention away from something
- emotional: Causing, feeling, or appealing to the emotions
- complex: Group of buildings all used for the same purpose
- reflect: To indicate or be a sign of something
- bit: Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- strict: Tending to enforce rules; severe
- exist: To be present, alive or real
- numb: Unable to feel a body part due to cold or illness
- grind: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
- remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
- behavior: The way a person or thing acts; manner
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
- emphasis: Special attention, importance, or force
- wander: To move through a place with no particular purpose
- pleasure: Feeling of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction
- fate: What will happen to you in the future, often bad
- lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- illustrate: To supply pictures to go along with words
- provide: To make available; to supply for use
- ground: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
- entertainment: Act or process of providing service for someone
- shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
- wealth: Amount of money or possessions you own, e.g. large
- receive: To get something someone has given or sent to you
- devote: To dedicate
- fact: Something that is known or proved to be true
- fairy: Small imaginary being that can do magic
- rejection: Decision that something is not good enough
- drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
- change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
- adulthood: Time of life when a person is fully grown
- loyal: Always showing support for; faithful
- devotion: Strong love or attachment; a commitment to
- pollution: Dangerous substances released into an environment
- mobility: Ability to move
- childhood: The time when you are a child
- circus: Shows with clowns animals etc. performed in a tent
- factual: Involving or being based upon evidence
- adherence: Faithful support a cause, religion, etc.
- industrialization: Process of creating and developing many businesses
- sissy: (Of a male) cowardly; easily scared
- unbalanced: To spread weight unequally so one side is heavier
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Hard Times by Charles Dickens | Themes
0
Yvonne posted on 2026/09/02Ever wondered about the core ideas behind Charles Dickens' 'Hard Times'? This video dives deep into the novel's central themes, like the clash between industrialization and imagination, and how childhood experiences shape us. You'll gain a richer understanding of the story and pick up some great vocabulary for discussing complex social issues!
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