afford
US /əˈfɔrd, əˈford/
UK /ə'fɔ:d/
- Transitive Verb
- To make available, to provide
- To have enough money to pay for something
A2TOEICMoreagriculture
US /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ/
UK /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- The science of farming
- The study of farming and related sciences.
A2Morealong with
US /əˈlɔŋ wɪð/
UK /əˈlɔŋ wið/
- Preposition
- In addition to; together with.
- Adverb
- In company or together with someone or something.
- Including; in addition to.
A2Moreat least
US /æt list/
UK /æt li:st/
- Adverb
- As a minimum
- Not less than
- Phrase
- No less than; at the minimum
- Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
C2Moreat odds
US /æt ɑdz/
UK /æt ɔdz/
- Phrase
- In a state of conflict or disagreement
- Adjective
- In a state of disagreement or conflict.
- Inconsistent or incompatible.
B1Moreat some point
US /æt sʌm pɔɪnt/
UK /æt sʌm pɔint/
- Phrase
- At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
A1Moreat the bank
US /æt ðə bæŋk/
UK /æt ðə bæŋk/
- other
- Located at or near a financial institution.
- Situated beside the edge of a river or stream.
A1Morebook on
US
UK
- Noun
- A book about a particular subject.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To place a bet on something.
A1Morebreak even
US /brek ˈivən/
UK /breik ˈi:vən/
- Phrasal Verb
- To neither make a profit nor a loss
- Phrase
A1Morecampaign
US /kæmˈpen/
UK /kæm'peɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To work in an organized, active way towards a goal
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Series of actions meant to achieve a goal
- A planned set of military activities intended to achieve a particular objective.
A2TOEICMorecapital
US /ˈkæpɪtl/
UK /'kæpɪtl/
- Noun
- Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- Official main city of a country, province or state
- Adjective
- Main, or major
- (Of an offense) liable to the death penalty.
A2Morecatch up
US /kætʃ ʌp/
UK /kætʃ ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To become equal with another person
- To inform others of the latest news
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To do something that you have not been able to do recently.
- To meet someone you know in order to talk to them and find out what they have been doing.
A1Morecliff
US /klɪf/
UK /klɪf/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- High, vertical or steep surface of rock or ice
- A critical or dangerous situation.
- Proper Noun
- Person's name
- A surname.
B1Morecorn
US /kɔrn/
UK /kɔ:n/
- Noun
- Small, painful hard spot on the foot
- Plant with many yellow seeds used as food
B1Morecrisis
US /ˈkraɪsɪs/
UK /'kraɪsɪs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty
- A turning point in a disease.
B1Morecrop
US /krɑp/
UK /krɒp/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
- Section of short, thick hair
- Transitive Verb
- To cut something to a shorter length or size
- To cut (something, especially hair) short.
B1Moredefense
US /dɪˈfɛns/
UK /dɪ'fens/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Argument in support of something
- The process of protecting something from attack
B1TOEICMoredemand
US /dɪˈmænd/
UK /dɪ'mɑ:nd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Desire customers have to buy product, service
- A strong request for someone to do something
- Transitive Verb
- To strongly request someone to do something
- To need something.
A2TOEICMoredemocrat
US /ˈdɛməˌkræt/
UK /'deməkræt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An advocate of democratic principles
B2Moredemocratic
US /ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk/
UK /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/
- Adjective
- (Of government) giving the people power, a vote
- Based on the principle that all members have equal rights.
B2Moreeconomic
US /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ˌikə-/
UK /ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk/
- Adjective
- Concerning trade, industry, and money
- Financially worthwhile; profitable.
- Noun
- A system relating to economics
- A factor relating to economics
A2Moreelection
US /ɪˈlɛkʃən/
UK /ɪ'lekʃn/
- Noun
- Process of choosing someone by voting
B1TOEICMoreextreme
US /ɪkˈstrim/
UK /ɪk'stri:m/
- Adjective
- Very great in degree
- Farthest from a center
- Noun
- Effort that is thought more than is necessary
- The furthest point or limit of something.
B1Morefederal
US /ˈfɛdərəl, ˈfɛdrəl/
UK /'fedərəl/
- Adjective
- Consisting of several united states
- Relating to a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
- Proper Noun
- The central banking system of the United States.
B1Morefight back
US /faɪt bæk/
UK /fait bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To make your point more strongly against opponent
A1Morefirm
US /fɚm/
UK /fɜ:m/
- Countable Noun
- Company that sells goods or services
- Adjective
- Fairly hard or solid, not soft
- Unchanging and strong
A2TOEICMorefirm up
US /fɚm ʌp/
UK /fə:m ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To make something stronger or more definite.
- To become stronger or more solid.
B1Moreglobally
US /'ɡloʊbəlɪ/
UK /'ɡləʊbəlɪ/
- Adverb
- Throughout the world
B1Moregoing on
US /ˈɡoɪŋ ɑn/
UK /ˈgəʊɪŋ ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To continue doing something
- To happen (usually negative)
A1Moregot to
US /ɡɑt tu/
UK /gɔt tu:/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To arrive at some place
- To have the opportunity or permission to do something
- Phrasal Verb
- To appeal to the emotions of; move
- To finally begin to start something after a delay
A1Moreharvest
US /ˈhɑ:rvɪst/
UK /ˈhɑ:vɪst/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Gathering crops from the fields; the crops
- The time of year to bring crops in from the fields
- Transitive Verb
- To gather ripe crops in from the fields
- To obtain or collect something.
B1TOEICMorehave at
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To attack someone or something.
- To begin doing something with enthusiasm.
A1Moreheat up
US /hit ʌp/
UK /hi:t ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To become warmer; to make something warmer.
- To become excited or agitated.
A1Morein a state
US
UK
- Phrase
- In a particular condition or situation.
- In an emotional condition, often negative (e.g., panic, distress).
B2Morein little
US /ɪn ˈlɪtl/
UK /in ˈlɪtl/
- other
- To a small extent; insignificantly.
C2Morein order to
US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/
UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/
- Preposition
- For the purpose of; with the aim of.
- Phrase
- In a specific sequence or arrangement.
- With the aim of; for the purpose of.
C1Morein particular
US /ɪn pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/
UK /in pəˈtikjulə/
- Phrase
- Specifically; especially.
- Detailed or precise.
A1Morein places
US
UK
- Phrase
- In some locations but not others
A1Morein power
US /ɪn ˈpaʊɚ/
UK /in ˈpauə/
- Adjective
- Having control of a country or organization.
- Phrase
- During a period of holding authority or control.
B1Morein the house
US
UK
- Phrase
- Located inside a building used as a dwelling.
- Within a legislative body, such as a parliament or congress.
A1Morein the lead
US /ɪn ði lid/
UK /in ðə li:d/
- Phrase
- Being ahead of others in a competition or race.
- Having a position of control or authority.
A1Morein the past
US
UK
- Phrase
- During a former period of time; previously.
A1Moreinstead of
US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/
UK /inˈsted ɔv/
- Preposition
- When one thing is replaced by another
- Adverb
- As a substitute or alternative.
A1Moreliberal
US /ˈlɪbərəl, ˈlɪbrəl/
UK /'lɪbərəl/
- Noun
- Someone who is open-minded and favors progress
- Adjective
- Open-minded; willing to hear others' opinions
- Political party for freedom and social change
B1TOEICMoreliterally
US /ˈlɪtərəli/
UK
- Adverb
- In a literal manner or sense; exactly as stated.
- Used for emphasis to describe something that is actually true, often to highlight surprise or intensity.
B1Moremajor
US /ˈmedʒɚ/
UK /'meɪdʒə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- High-ranking officer in the army
- Main subject you study at university
- Adjective
- Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
- Important, serious, or large in scope, size
A2TOEICMoremeet up
US /mit ʌp/
UK /mi:t ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To arrange to meet someone.
A1Moreon behalf of
US /ɑn bɪˈhæf ʌv/
UK /ɔn biˈhɑ:f ɔv/
- Phrase
- As the representative of someone
- Acting as a representative of.
B1Moreon camera
US /ɑn ˈkæmərə/
UK /ɔn ˈkæmərə/
- Adverb
- While being filmed or recorded.
- Adjective
- Having qualities that make one appear good or effective when filmed.
A1Moreoutside of
US /aʊtˈsaɪd ʌv/
UK /ˌautˈsaid ɔv/
- Preposition
- Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
- Beyond the scope, range, or limits of something.
A1Morepicks up
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To catch a criminal and take to police station
- To start again where you left off
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- Learns or acquires something, often quickly or without effort.
- Collects someone or something.
A1Morepolitic
US /ˈpɑlɪtɪk/
UK /ˈpɒlətɪk/
- Adjective
- Careful what you say; diplomatic
B2Morepolitical
US /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/
UK /pəˈlɪtɪkl/
- Adjective
- Being active or interested in government matters
- Diplomatic
A2Morepoll
US /pol/
UK /pəʊl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Process of gathering opinions by asking questions
- Polls where you go to cast your vote in elections
- Transitive Verb
- To ask a group of people in a vote or election
B1TOEICMorepopulist
US /ˈpɑpjulɪst/
UK /'pɒpjəlɪst/
- Noun
- Politician claiming to represent ordinary people
- Adjective
- Claiming to represent the views of ordinary people
B2Morepresident
US /ˈprɛzɪdənt,-ˌdɛnt/
UK /ˈprezɪdənt/
- Noun
- Person in charge of a country, or organization
- The highest-ranking executive in a corporation or organization.
A2TOEICMoreprogressive
US /prəˈɡrɛsɪv/
UK /prəˈgresɪv/
- Adjective
- Believing in modern ideas about social change
- Increasing in extent or severity; occurring in gradual stages.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- People believing in bringing about social change
- A person advocating or implementing social reform or new, liberal ideas.
A2Morerace
US /res/
UK /reɪs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
- People who share physical features or culture
- Intransitive Verb
- To take part in a running or swimming competition
- To move or go at a very fast pace
A2Morerepublican
US /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/
UK /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/
- Countable Noun
- Supporter of the conservative US political party
- Adjective
- Of a republic; not favoring a monarchy
B1Moreresponse
US /rɪˈspɑns/
UK /riˈspɔns/
- Noun
- Something said/written as an answer to something
- Reaction to something that has occurred
A2TOEICMorerun to
US /rʌn tu/
UK /rʌn tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To have enough money; be able to pay; afford
- To go to some place
A1Morerural
US /ˈrʊrəl/
UK /ˈruərəl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the country as opposed to the city
B1Moresenate
US /ˈsɛnɪt/
UK /'senət/
- Noun
- A board of governors at a college or university
B2Moresenator
US /ˈsɛnətɚ/
UK /ˈsenətə(r)/
- Noun
- An elected politician belonging to the senate
B2Morestrain
US /stren/
UK /streɪn/
- Transitive Verb
- To remove the water from (food) using a colander
- To injure a muscle, leg etc. by using it too much
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Injury to a muscle, leg etc. through overuse
- Type or variation of a disease or bacillus
B2Morestress
US / strɛs/
UK /stres/
- Transitive Verb
- To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
- To put pressure on something or someone
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Emphasis on part of a word or sentence
- Pressure on something or someone
A2TOEICMoretake back
US /tek bæk/
UK /teik bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To say you no longer agree with an opinion you had
- To return something you bought to the store
- Transitive Verb
- To retract or withdraw a statement or claim.
- To regain possession of something.
A1Moretrade
US /treid/
UK /treɪd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A specific industry, e.g. shoe making
- Action of buying and selling things in business
- Transitive Verb
- To buy, sell and exchange goods in business
- To give something in return for something else
A2TOEICMoreuncertainty
US /ʌnˈsə:tn:ti/
UK /ʌn'sɜ:tntɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Feeling of not really knowing what will happen
- Lack of confidence; doubt.
B2TOEICMorework on
US /wɚk ɑn/
UK /wə:k ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To devote effort to improve or develop something
- To try to persuade or influence someone.
A1More
Vocabulary
- in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
- in little: To a small extent; insignificantly.
- heat up: To become warmer; to make something warmer.
- along with: In addition to; together with.
- in power: Having control of a country or organization.
- at some point: At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
- in places: In some locations but not others
- going on: To continue doing something
- have at: To attack someone or something.
- at the bank: Located at or near a financial institution.
- catch up: To become equal with another person
- take back: To say you no longer agree with an opinion you had
- in particular: Specifically; especially.
- meet up: To arrange to meet someone.
- at least: As a minimum
- fight back: To make your point more strongly against opponent
- instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
- run to: To have enough money; be able to pay; afford
- work on: To devote effort to improve or develop something
- on behalf of: As the representative of someone
- at odds: In a state of conflict or disagreement
- book on: A book about a particular subject.
- picks up: To catch a criminal and take to police station
- in the house: Located inside a building used as a dwelling.
- firm up: To make something stronger or more definite.
- got to: To arrive at some place
- outside of: Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
- on camera: While being filmed or recorded.
- in the lead: Being ahead of others in a competition or race.
- in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
- in a state: In a particular condition or situation.
- break even: To neither make a profit nor a loss
- literally: In a literal manner or sense; exactly as stated.
- sort: To organize things by putting them into groups
- crisis: Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty
- campaign: To work in an organized, active way towards a goal
- extreme: Very great in degree
- strain: To remove the water from (food) using a colander
- demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
- stress: To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
- firm: Company that sells goods or services
- political: Being active or interested in government matters
- afford: To make available, to provide
- capital: Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- state: Region within a country, with its own government
- response: Something said/written as an answer to something
- federal: Consisting of several united states
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- democratic: (Of government) giving the people power, a vote
- reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
- agriculture: The science of farming
- rural: Concerning the country as opposed to the city
- trade: A specific industry, e.g. shoe making
- progressive: Believing in modern ideas about social change
- economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
- major: High-ranking officer in the army
- poll: Process of gathering opinions by asking questions
- race: Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
- leave: To go away from; depart
- social: Involving activity with people, e.g. in free time
- crop: Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
- defense: Argument in support of something
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- cliff: High, vertical or steep surface of rock or ice
- kind: In a caring and helpful manner
- uncertainty: Feeling of not really knowing what will happen
- order: Religious or social group, as of nuns
- president: Person in charge of a country, or organization
- harvest: Gathering crops from the fields; the crops
- liberal: Someone who is open-minded and favors progress
- economic: Concerning trade, industry, and money
- support: To give assistance or advice to someone
- election: Process of choosing someone by voting
- point: An item to be discussed
- change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
- question: To ask for or try to get information
- grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
- senate: A board of governors at a college or university
- senator: An elected politician belonging to the senate
- republican: Supporter of the conservative US political party
- politic: Careful what you say; diplomatic
- corn: Small, painful hard spot on the foot
- democrat: An advocate of democratic principles
- globally: Throughout the world
- populist: Politician claiming to represent ordinary people
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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林宜悉 posted on 2026/08/31Ever wondered how economic struggles in rural America are impacting politics? This video dives into the challenges faced by farmers, exploring how financial strain is fueling a surprising Senate run in Arkansas. You'll gain insight into the agricultural economy and pick up key phrases related to farming and political campaigns.
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