affect
US /əˈfɛkt/
UK /ə'fekt/
- Transitive Verb
- To cause a change in something else
- To pretend to have or feel (something).
- Noun
- (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
A2TOEICMoreagency
US /ˈedʒənsi/
UK /'eɪdʒənsɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Business that provides some service for others
B1TOEICMorearound the world
US /əˈraʊnd ði wɜrld/
UK /əˈraund ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- In or to many countries.
- In various places throughout the world.
A2Moreassessment
US /əˈsɛsmənt/
UK /əˈsesmənt/
- Noun
- Conclusion, opinion formed after due consideration
B1TOEICMoreawareness
US /əˈwɛrnɪs/
UK /əˈweənəs/
- Uncountable Noun
- Having knowledge of something
A2TOEICMorecarcinogenic
US /ˌkɑ:rsɪnəˈdʒenɪk/
UK /ˌkɑ:sɪnəˈdʒenɪk/
- Adjective
- Describes a substance which causes cancer
C1Morecite
US /saɪt/
UK /saɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To officially order someone to appear in court
- To officially praise someone, e.g. for bravery
B1TOEICMorecommission
US /kəˈmɪʃən/
UK /kə'mɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Money paid for a service, e.g. money exchanging
- An official role or title in the military
- Transitive Verb
- To hire someone, order work to be done for payment
- To formally ask someone to create or produce something.
A2TOEICMorecommunity
US /kəˈmjunɪti/
UK /kə'mju:nətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Group of people who share a common idea or area
- A feeling of fellowship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests, and goals.
- Adjective
- Relating to or shared by the people in a particular area.
- Shared or participated in by all members of a group
A2Moreconcern
US /kənˈsɚn/
UK /kənˈsɜ:n/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To be about a particular topic
- To have a direct impact on someone
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Company, firm or business
- Feeling of worry or anxiety
A2TOEICMorecreek
US /krik, krɪk/
UK /kri:k/
- Countable Noun
- Water channel that is smaller than a river
B2Moredeploy
US /dɪˈplɔɪ/
UK /dɪˈplɔɪ/
- Transitive Verb
- To put into position (often a military operation)
- To put something into use or action.
B1TOEICMoredetermine
US /dɪˈtɚmɪn/
UK /dɪ'tɜ:mɪn/
- Transitive Verb
- To control exactly how something will be or act
- To establish the facts about; discover
A2TOEICMoredistrict
US /ˈdɪstrɪkt/
UK /'dɪstrɪkt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Area of a country, city, or town
- A region or area known for a particular activity, industry, or feature.
A2Moredue to
US /du tu/
UK /dju: tu:/
- Preposition
- Because of; owing to
- Adjective
- Attributable to; caused by.
A1Moreescape
US /ɪˈskep/
UK /ɪ'skeɪp/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
- The 'esc key' on a keyboard
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To avoid something undesirable, dangerous or bad
- To get away from a place where you are being kept
A2Moreevacuate
US /ɪˈvækjuˌet/
UK /ɪ'vækjʊeɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To move people from dangerous to a safe places
B2Morefeel like
US
UK
- Intransitive Verb
- To have a desire or inclination for something.
- To have a particular quality or sensation; resemble.
A1Morehave to
US /hæv tu/
UK /ˈhæv tə/
- Auxiliary Verb
- Must do
A1Morein depth
US /ɪn dɛpθ/
UK /in depθ/
- Adverb
- Thoroughly and carefully; in detail.
in the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense
A1Moreindependent
US /ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt/
UK /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/
- Adjective
- Making your own decisions; acting by yourself
- Not connected with or influenced by something else.
- Noun
- A person not connected to a political party
- Someone who is independent, especially in politics or business.
A2TOEICMoreinvestigation
US /ɪnˌvɛstɪˈɡeʃən/
UK /ɪnˌvestɪ'ɡeɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Search for information about something
B1Moreinvestigative
US /ɪnˈvestɪgeɪtɪv/
UK /ɪnˈvestɪgətɪv/
- Adjective
- Searching for information or truth
B1Morelitigation
US /ˌlɪtɪˈɡeɪʃn/
UK /ˌlɪtɪˈgeɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Adjudication in a court; process of law
B2Morelive through
US /liv θru/
UK /liv θru:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To experience something difficult or painful and survive it.
A2Moremade public
US
UK
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To reveal or announce something to everyone.
A1Morenext to
US /nɛkst tu/
UK /nekst tu:/
- Preposition
- Being located along side another
- In comparison with
- Adverb
- Almost; nearly
A1Moreoff of
US /ɔf ʌv/
UK /ɔf ɔv/
- Preposition
- From a position on something; down from.
A1Moreon the ground
US
UK
- Phrase
- Located on the surface of the earth.
- Present and available in a particular place, especially to deal with a situation.
oversee
US /ˌovɚˈsi/
UK /ˌəʊvə'si:/
- Transitive Verb
- To check on or manage the work of others
B2TOEICMorepotential
US /pəˈtɛnʃəl/
UK /pəˈtenʃl/
- Adjective
- Capable of happening or becoming reality
- Having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future.
- Uncountable Noun
- someone's or something's ability to develop, achieve, or succeed
A2TOEICMorepromote
US /prəˈmoʊt/
UK /prəˈməʊt/
- Transitive Verb
- To try to encourage popularity/sales of a product
- To move someone to a higher position or rank
A2TOEICMoreproperty
US /ˈprɑpəti/
UK /'prɒpətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Particular quality that someone or something has
- Buildings or piece of land owned by someone
A2TOEICMorepush back
US /pʊʃ bæk/
UK /puʃ bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To force someone to withdraw or retreat
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To resist or oppose something.
- To move something to a later time or date; to postpone.
A1Moreranger
US /ˈrendʒɚ/
UK /ˈreɪndʒə(r)/
- Noun
- Official who manages and protects a park or forest
B2Morereach
US /ritʃ/
UK /ri:tʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
- To be long enough to get to a certain place
- Uncountable Noun
- Power or control someone has over something
A2TOEICMorereaction
US /riˈækʃən/
UK /rɪ'ækʃn/
- Noun
- Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- Feeling or action in response to something
A2Morerequest
US /rɪˈkwɛst/
UK /rɪ'kwest/
- Transitive Verb
- To ask for, usually politely and formally
- Noun
- Thing that has been asked for
- A signal to a computer system or program to perform a task.
A2TOEICMorerequest for
US
UK
- Noun
- A formal application or appeal for something.
- A solicitation or appeal for assistance, support, or contributions.
A1Moreresort
US /rɪ'zɔ:rt/
UK /rɪ'zɔ:t/
- Noun
- Act of choosing something to help with a problem
- Vacation hotel or complex; area for holidays
B1TOEICMoreright next to
US
UK
- Preposition
- Immediately adjacent to; in very close proximity to.
- Figuratively very close to; on the verge of.
A1Moretimber
US /ˈtɪmbɚ/
UK /ˈtɪmbə(r)/
- Interjection
- Used to warn people that a tree is about to fall
- Uncountable Noun
- Wood used as a building material
B1Moretoxic
US /ˈtɑksɪk/
UK /ˈtɒksɪk/
- Adjective
- Poisonous; harmful
- (Of relationships) harmful; causing conflict
B2Moreturned out
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To arrive for a public event or entertainment
- To happen to be in the end
- Transitive Verb
- To extinguish or switch off lights.
A1Moreusage
US /ˈjusɪdʒ, -zɪdʒ/
UK /ˈju:sɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Amount something is used
- Way something is actually used
B2Moreused to
US /juzd tu/
UK /ˈju:st tə/
- Adjective
- Did regularly before, but don't do now
- Auxiliary Verb
- Have done before, but do not do now
A1More
Vocabulary
- live through: To experience something difficult or painful and survive it.
- in depth: Thoroughly and carefully; in detail.
- around the world: In or to many countries.
- made public: To reveal or announce something to everyone.
- used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
- turned out: To arrive for a public event or entertainment
- due to: Because of; owing to
- off of: From a position on something; down from.
- have to: Must do
- request for: A formal application or appeal for something.
- right next to: Immediately adjacent to; in very close proximity to.
- next to: Being located along side another
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, disbelief
- feel like: To have a desire or inclination for something.
- on the ground: Located on the surface of the earth.
- push back: To force someone to withdraw or retreat
- potential: Capable of happening or becoming reality
- determine: To control exactly how something will be or act
- community: Group of people who share a common idea or area
- property: Particular quality that someone or something has
- toxic: Poisonous; harmful
- awareness: Having knowledge of something
- affect: To cause a change in something else
- escape: Act to briefly ignoring boring or bad things
- concern: To be about a particular topic
- reach: To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
- decision: Choice made after thinking; final judgment
- raise: To increase a bet above another when playing cards
- reaction: Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- independent: Making your own decisions; acting by yourself
- resort: Act of choosing something to help with a problem
- district: Area of a country, city, or town
- risk: To do something potentially dangerous or foolish
- record: Highest or most extreme level achieved
- agency: Business that provides some service for others
- commission: Money paid for a service, e.g. money exchanging
- request: To ask for, usually politely and formally
- promote: To try to encourage popularity/sales of a product
- company: Good feeling from being with someone else
- assessment: Conclusion, opinion formed after due consideration
- investigation: Search for information about something
- evacuate: To move people from dangerous to a safe places
- continue: To do something without stopping, or after pausing
- information: Collection of facts and details about something
- public: Owned by the government
- piece: A counter in a board game
- usage: Amount something is used
- deploy: To put into position (often a military operation)
- turn: To become (a particular age)
- land: Region or country
- include: To make someone, something part of a group
- service: Work that a person does to assist others
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- feel: To be aware of or experience an emotion, sensation
- timber: Used to warn people that a tree is about to fall
- cite: To officially order someone to appear in court
- creek: Water channel that is smaller than a river
- carcinogenic: Describes a substance which causes cancer
- ranger: Official who manages and protects a park or forest
- oversee: To check on or manage the work of others
- litigation: Adjudication in a court; process of law
- investigative: Searching for information or truth
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
U.S. Forest Service, timber companies spraying record amounts of glyphosate in California
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/08/22Discover how controversial herbicides like glyphosate are being used at record levels in California's forests and what that means for the environment and local communities. You'll hear firsthand accounts and learn key phrases related to environmental policy and chemical use, making this a vital watch for understanding current ecological debates.
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