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  • Every document should begin with a reference to a Document Type Definition (DTD). This

  • definition declares which version of the HTML standard that the document follows. All browsers

  • have default definitions so we don't have to declare one, but to be standard compliant

  • it's recommended. The three versions defined are: strict, transitional, and frameset.

  • The strict definition includes only the structural markup and does not contain any deprecated

  • elements or attributes. Instead it leaves formatting up to Cascading Style Sheets.

  • The transitional definition on the other hand includes everything that is deprecated, and

  • is intended to smooth the transition over to the strict definition.

  • Then there's the frameset definition, which is used by frame documents. It contains the

  • same elements as the transitional definition except that it includes the frameset elements.

  • To include a definition we add the document type declaration, or doctype, to the top of

  • the webpage. We also have corresponding versions for XHTML documents. All of these templates

  • can be found in Dreamweaver when a new document is created.

  • Another standard that we should follow is to include metadata in the document, using

  • the meta header tag. The tag requires either the name or http-equivalent attribute, paired

  • with the content attribute. The http-equiv attribute will cause the metadata to be sent

  • as HTTP header information.

  • The most importantly metadata is the document's file format and its character encoding. Note

  • that for XHTML documents we use another MIME type and subtype than for HTML.

  • Metadata can also be used to help search engines by provide a description of the document and

  • a list of keywords relating to the content. We can also use the meta tag to automatically

  • redirect the visitor to a new page after a specific number of seconds.

Every document should begin with a reference to a Document Type Definition (DTD). This

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