adrenal
US /æd'ri:nəl/
UK /æd'ri:nəl/
- Noun
- Located at the top of the kidneys
C2Moreadrenaline
US /əˈdrɛnəlɪn/
UK /ə'drenəlɪn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Chemical in the body that responds to stress, fear
- The intense excitement and energy felt when in a dangerous or exciting situation.
C1Moreadvantage
US /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/
UK /əd'vɑ:ntɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Thing making the chance of success higher
- A positive point about something
- Transitive Verb
- To make use of something, especially to further one's own position; exploit.
A2TOEICMorealertness
US /ə'lɜ:tnəs/
UK /ə'lɜ:tnəs/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of being aware and able to respond quickly
B1Moreas a whole
US /æz e hol/
UK /æz ə həul/
- Phrase
- Considering everything together; in general.
- Complete; not divided or incomplete.
- Adjective
- Complete; not divided or fragmented.
A1Morebloodstream
US /ˈblʌdˌstrim/
UK /ˈblʌdstri:m/
- Uncountable Noun
- Blood flowing through the circulatory system
C2Morebodily
US /ˈbɑdli/
UK /'bɒdɪlɪ/
- Adverb
- By moving the whole of something
- Physically, as when lifting someone
B1Morecalcium
US /ˈkælsiəm/
UK /'kælsɪəm/
- Uncountable Noun
- A substance important for making bones and teeth
- A substance containing calcium, taken to improve health.
C2Morechemical
US /ˈkɛmɪkəl/
UK /ˈkemɪkl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Basic substance produced by mixing elements
- The branch of science concerned with the substances of which matter is composed, the investigation of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances.
- Adjective
- Made of various elements
A2Morecoaster
US /ˈkoʊstə(r)/
UK /ˈkəʊstə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Mat placed under a glass to protect furniture
- A sled or small vehicle without motor for coasting downhill.
C1Morecontribute
US /kənˈtrɪbjut/
UK /kən'trɪbju:t/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To be a factor in causing something to happen
- To donate, give (money) or help to something
A2Morecord
US /kɔrd/
UK /kɔ:d/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A long strong material, thicker than string
- Electrical wire, covered in rubber or plastic
B1Morecrucial
US /ˈkruʃəl/
UK /'kru:ʃl/
- Adjective
- Extremely important or necessary
- Of great importance to the success of something.
B1Morediabetes
US /ˌdaɪəˈbitɪs, -tiz/
UK /ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
- A form of diabetes, usually diagnosed in children and young adults, in which the body does not produce insulin.
B2Moredigestive
US /daɪˈdʒɛstɪv, dɪ-/
UK /daɪˈdʒestɪv/
- Adjective
- Concerning processes of converting food to energy
B2Morefor example
US
UK
- Phrase
- As an illustration or instance.
gland
US /ɡlænd/
UK /ɡlænd/
- Noun
- Organ that produces substances for the body to use
B2Moreharness
US /ˈhɑrnɪs/
UK /'hɑ:nɪs/
- Transitive Verb
- To capture the power of something
- To put a harness on (an animal).
- Noun
- Equipment used by horses to pull things
- A means of controlling and utilizing something, especially natural energy.
B1TOEICMoreheighten
US /ˈhaɪtn/
UK /'haɪtn/
- Transitive Verb
- To increase the degree or intensity of something
B1Morehormonal
US /hɔ:'moʊnl/
UK /hɔ:'məʊnl/
- Adjective
- Concerning or caused by hormones in the body
B2Morehormone
US /ˈhɔrˌmon/
UK /'hɔ:məʊn/
- Noun
- Chemical produced by the body to control functions
B2Morehunger
US /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
UK /ˈhʌŋgə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Strong desire or need
- Need for food; a severe lack of food
- Intransitive Verb
- To feel hunger; to suffer from a lack of food.
B2Morehypothalamus
US /ˌhaɪpoˈθæləməs/
UK /ˌhaɪpəˈθæləməs/
- Noun
- Basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system
C1Moreicon
US /ˈaɪˌkɑn/
UK /'aɪkɒn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Small image on a computer screen
- Person widely recognized as a symbol of something
B1Morein danger
US /ɪn ˈdendʒɚ/
UK /in ˈdeindʒə/
- Phrase
- Exposed to the risk of harm, injury, or loss.
- At risk of experiencing something negative or harmful.
A1Morein order to
US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/
UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/
- Preposition
- For the purpose of; with the aim of.
- Phrase
- In a specific sequence or arrangement.
- With the aim of; for the purpose of.
C1Morein turn
US
UK
- Adverb
- One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
A1Moreinject
US /ɪnˈdʒɛkt/
UK /ɪn'dʒekt/
- Transitive Verb
- To add or put in more (money, energy etc.)
- To motivate or put energy into something
B1Moreinsulin
US /ˈɪnsəlɪn/
UK /ˈɪnsjəlɪn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
B2Moreintimate
US /ˈɪntəmɪt/
UK /'ɪntɪmət/
- Adjective
- (E.g. of detail) fine, detailed or complete
- Private and personal things shared with another
- Transitive Verb
- To make someone understand without saying directly
B1TOEICMorelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moremaintenance
US /ˈmentənəns/
UK /'meɪntənəns/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Keeping (a machine) working by checking and fixing
- Financial support paid to a former spouse or for children.
A2TOEICMoremenstrual
US /ˈmɛnstruəl/
UK /ˈmenstruəl/
- Adjective
- Concerning a female's period
B2Moremetabolic
US /ˌmetə'bɒlɪk/
UK /ˌmetə'bɒlɪk/
- Adjective
- Concerning the body's metabolism
- Relating to the rate at which metabolism occurs.
B2Moremetabolism
US /mɪˈtæbəˌlɪzəm/
UK /məˈtæbəlɪzəm/
- Uncountable Noun
- Chemical processes to convert food to energy
- The rate at which the body uses energy.
B2Moremolecule
US /ˈmɑlɪˌkjul/
UK /ˈmɒlɪkju:l/
- Noun
- Two or more atoms chemically combined
B2Morenerve
US /nɚv/
UK /nə:v/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Fibers in the body that enable feeling, movement
- Courage to do something that is difficult or risky
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To summon one's courage; brace oneself.
A2Moreno matter
US
UK
- Conjunction
- Regardless of; it does not matter.
- Adverb
- Regardless of; it is not important
A1Morenotify
US /ˈnotəˌfaɪ/
UK /'nəʊtɪfaɪ/
- Transitive Verb
- To inform; to communicate specific information
B2Moreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Moreoxytocin
US /ˌɒksɪ'toʊsɪn/
UK /ˌɒksɪ'təʊsɪn/
- Uncountable Noun
- Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitocin); stimulates contractions of the uterus and ejection of milk
B2Morepregnant
US /ˈprɛɡnənt/
UK /ˈpregnənt/
- Adjective
- Carrying your unborn baby inside you
- Full of meaning or significance; suggestive.
B1Morepress
US /prɛs/
UK /pres/
- Noun
- Machine using pressure to shape, flatten, squeeze
- General term for TV, radio, newspapers
- Transitive Verb
- To make clothes smooth using a heated iron; iron
- To repeatedly ask someone to do something
A2TOEICMorepressure
US /ˈprɛʃɚ/
UK /'preʃə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Anxiety caused by difficult problems
- Force, weight when pressing against a thing
- Transitive Verb
- To apply force to something
- To persuade or force someone to do something
A2TOEICMorepuberty
US /ˈpju:bərti/
UK /ˈpju:bəti/
- Noun
- Stage of life when you become sexually mature
C1Morerace
US /res/
UK /reɪs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
- People who share physical features or culture
- Intransitive Verb
- To take part in a running or swimming competition
- To move or go at a very fast pace
A2Morerapid
US /ˈræpɪd/
UK /ˈræpɪd/
- Adjective
- Moving or happening very quickly
- Noun
- Rough and fast-moving part of a river
B1Morereact
US /riˈækt/
UK /rɪ'ækt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To change when mixing with other chemicals
- To behave or make a change in a particular way
A2Morereduce
US /rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus/
UK /rɪ'dju:s/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
A2TOEICMorerefer
US /rɪˈfɚ/
UK /rɪ'fɜ:(r)/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To talk about or write about something
- To give information about something
A2TOEICMoreregulate
US /ˈrɛɡjəˌlet/
UK /ˈregjuleɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To control something with rules or laws
- To set/adjust (a clock, etc.); restrict motion in
A2TOEICMorerelay
US /'ri:leɪ/
UK /'ri:leɪ/
- Transitive Verb
- To put in new carpet or flooring
- To pass information from one thing to another
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Fresh group of horses/people, etc. relieving others
- Team race with runners taking a turn to run
B2Morerelease
US /rɪ'li:s/
UK /rɪ'li:s/
- Transitive Verb
- To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
- Noun
- Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
- Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
A2TOEICMorereproduction
US /ˌriprəˈdʌkʃən/
UK /ˌri:prəˈdʌkʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act or process of producing a copy of something
- The process of making children
B1Moresignal
US /ˈsɪɡnəl/
UK /'sɪɡnəl/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To be evidence/an indication something will happen
- To make a noise or motion to tell someone to start
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Evidence or an indication something will happen
- Movement of a hand or other means to send messages
A2Morespinal
US /ˈspaɪnəl/
UK /ˈspaɪnl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the spine or nerves in your back
B1Morestress
US / strɛs/
UK /stres/
- Transitive Verb
- To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
- To put pressure on something or someone
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Emphasis on part of a word or sentence
- Pressure on something or someone
A2TOEICMoresubscribe
US /səbˈskraɪb/
UK /səb'skraɪb/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To regularly pay to receive a service
B1TOEICMoresuffer from
US /ˈsʌfɚ frʌm/
UK /ˈsʌfə frɔm/
- Intransitive Verb
- To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
A1Moreswell
US /swɛl/
UK /swel/
- Intransitive Verb
- To feel overcome due to a strong emotion
- To increase in size or number larger than normal
- Uncountable Noun
- Being overcome from feeling a strong emotion
- Act of growing in size or increasing in number
B1Moretestosterone
US /tɛsˈtɑstəˌron/
UK /tesˈtɔstərəun/
- Uncountable Noun
- Natural chemical responsible for the male sex
- A steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, and is produced mainly in the testes, but also in the ovaries and adrenal cortex.
C1Morethirst
US /θɚst/
UK /θɜ:st/
- Uncountable Noun
- Powerful desire or need for e.g. knowledge
- Intransitive Verb
- To have a powerful desire for e.g. knowledge
- To have a powerful desire to drink
B2More
Vocabulary
- no matter: Regardless of; it does not matter.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- in danger: Exposed to the risk of harm, injury, or loss.
- in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
- for example: As an illustration or instance.
- in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
- suffer from: To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
- as a whole: Considering everything together; in general.
- subscribe: To regularly pay to receive a service
- crucial: Extremely important or necessary
- metabolism: Chemical processes to convert food to energy
- diabetes: Illness where there is too much sugar in the blood
- adrenaline: Chemical in the body that responds to stress, fear
- intimate: (E.g. of detail) fine, detailed or complete
- advantage: Thing making the chance of success higher
- puberty: Stage of life when you become sexually mature
- stress: To emphasize one or more parts of a word, sentence
- contribute: To be a factor in causing something to happen
- hormone: Chemical produced by the body to control functions
- pressure: Anxiety caused by difficult problems
- molecule: Two or more atoms chemically combined
- brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
- pregnant: Carrying your unborn baby inside you
- refer: To talk about or write about something
- digestive: Concerning processes of converting food to energy
- release: To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- metabolic: Concerning the body's metabolism
- regulate: To control something with rules or laws
- cortisol: Adrenal-cortex hormone (trade names Hydrocortone or Cortef) that is active in carbohydrate and protein metabolism
- insulin: Substance in the body processing sugar into energy
- harness: To capture the power of something
- rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
- nerve: Fibers in the body that enable feeling, movement
- calcium: A substance important for making bones and teeth
- reduce: To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
- press: Machine using pressure to shape, flatten, squeeze
- produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- race: Speed contest between people, animals or vehicles
- gland: Organ that produces substances for the body to use
- scary: Causing fear; frightening
- testosterone: Natural chemical responsible for the male sex
- react: To change when mixing with other chemicals
- swell: To feel overcome due to a strong emotion
- oxytocin: Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitocin); stimulates contractions of the uterus and ejection of milk
- chemical: Basic substance produced by mixing elements
- rapid: Moving or happening very quickly
- maintenance: Keeping (a machine) working by checking and fixing
- signal: To be evidence/an indication something will happen
- bloodstream: Blood flowing through the circulatory system
- hit: To have a negative impact on a person/place/thing
- alertness: State of being aware and able to respond quickly
- control: A device designed to operate a machine
- menstrual: Concerning a female's period
- drive: A person's ambition and motivation to do something
- hypothalamus: Basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system
- adrenal: Located at the top of the kidneys
- cord: A long strong material, thicker than string
- future: Time that is to come after the present
- icon: Small image on a computer screen
- pituitary: Concerning the pituitary gland
- part: Division of a book
- moody: Showing sudden or wide variations in mood
- type: Printed letters or blocks used for printing them
- ride: Machine at an amusement park for riding on for fun
- spinal: Concerning the spine or nerves in your back
- heart: A feeling of care for others; compassion
- coaster: Mat placed under a glass to protect furniture
- relay: To put in new carpet or flooring
- hormonal: Concerning or caused by hormones in the body
- reproduction: Act or process of producing a copy of something
- inject: To add or put in more (money, energy etc.)
- thirst: Powerful desire or need for e.g. knowledge
- heighten: To increase the degree or intensity of something
- hunger: Strong desire or need
- notify: To inform; to communicate specific information
- bodily: By moving the whole of something
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
HORMONES CONTROL YOU - Hormones and the endocrine system - Beautiful Science
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/04/05Ever wonder what's really going on inside you? This awesome video breaks down how hormones and the endocrine system work, from the pituitary gland to insulin and oxytocin! You'll pick up tons of advanced vocabulary related to science and health, making it a fantastic way to boost your knowledge and language skills.
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