Vocabulary

  • going on: To continue doing something
  • think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
  • figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
  • in return: As a reciprocal action or gesture; in exchange or repayment.
  • in terms of
  • as with: In the same way that something happens or is true of something else.
  • pin down: To force someone to clarify their opinion
  • egg on: To encourage greatly toward doing something
  • by mistake: Accidentally; unintentionally.
  • interact with
  • at work: Located at one's place of employment
  • knock out: To hit and make unconscious
  • also known as: Also called; alternatively named.
  • above ground: Located on or higher than the earth's surface.
  • in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
  • in the way: Obstructing someone or something; hindering progress.
  • shift in: A change or alteration in something.
  • food source: A place or thing from which food is obtained.
  • rely on: To depend on someone or something
  • set up
  • in the midst of: Surrounded by; in the middle of.
  • in trouble: Experiencing difficulties, problems, or legal issues.
  • in a manner: In a specific way or style.
  • at night: During the night; in the nighttime.
  • massive: Very big; large; too big
  • figure: To appear in a game, play or event
  • reveal: To show something that was hidden before
  • native: Someone from or born in a specific country
  • typically: In a normal or usual way
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • community: Group of people who share a common idea or area
  • consume: To eat, drink, buy or use up something
  • bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • research: To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
  • solitary: Done alone; spending a lot of time alone
  • continent: Very large piece of land, e.g. Africa or Asia
  • existence: State of being present, alive or real
  • affect: To cause a change in something else
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • tiny: Very, very small
  • signature: Something that represents a person's work or style
  • diversity: Having a range of different races, ideas etc.
  • odor: A certain smell, often strong or distinct
  • huge: Very very large
  • benefit: Good result or effect, something advantageous
  • observe: To celebrate a particular holiday/religious event
  • introduce: To open an essay to set the scene
  • seal: To close tightly to protect it from leaking
  • ground: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
  • ecosystem: Types of plants and animals in an specific area
  • record: Highest or most extreme level achieved
  • role: Character played by an actor
  • ferment: To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
  • rely: Depend on with full trust or confidence
  • silent: Without making any noise; soundless
  • chemical: Basic substance produced by mixing elements
  • wild: In a manner which lacks control
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • transform: To change the shape completely in a good way
  • sustenance: What sustains life, especially food
  • important: Having power or authority
  • single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
  • starve: To (cause to) be hungry or go without food
  • fungus: Plant, e.g. mushroom/mold, growing in damp places
  • defend: To protect and explain your position in court
  • residue: Left over part after most is taken away
  • protect: To defend someone or something from harm or danger
  • conservation: Protecting the environment or a species
  • agricultural: Concerning farming, or the land
  • find: To become aware of something that is happening
  • grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
  • hide: To go to, or put a thing where it can't be found
  • prolific: Producing something in large quantities
  • pungent: Being very strong in smell or taste
  • part: Division of a book
  • start: First time or place that a thing exists; beginning
  • hollow: (Of objects) having nothing inside; not solid
  • world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • pollen: Fine, usually yellow powder produced by plants
  • forage: Plants that animals eat
  • bloom: To flower; to produce flowers
  • nectar: Sweet liquid found in plants
  • provision: Clause in a legal document
  • intimately: Privately and personally
  • microbial: Concerning, involving or caused by being microbes
  • brood: (Of birds) to hatch or sit on eggs
  • pollination: Putting pollen on a plant so it makes seeds
  • fauna: All of the animals living in a certain area, time
  • parmesan: Strong aged Italian cheese, e.g. grated over pasta
  • vial: Small container of glass or plastic
  • bumblebee: Robust hairy social bee of temperate regions
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • above ground

      US /əˈbʌv ɡraʊnd/

      UK /əˈbʌv ɡraʊnd/

      • Preposition
      • Located on or higher than the earth's surface.
      B2
      More
    • affect

      US /əˈfɛkt/

      UK /ə'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • To pretend to have or feel (something).
      • Noun
      • (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • agricultural

      US /ˌæɡrɪ'kʌltʃərəl/

      UK /ˌæɡrɪ'kʌltʃərəl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning farming, or the land
      B1
      More
    • also known as

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Also called; alternatively named.
      • Identified by another term; synonymous with.
      A1
      More
    • as with

      US /æz wɪð/

      UK /æz wið/

      • Preposition
      • In the same way that something happens or is true of something else.
      A1
      More
    • at night

      US /æt naɪt/

      UK /æt nait/

      • Phrase
      • During the night; in the nighttime.
      A1
      More
    • at work

      US /æt wɚk/

      UK /æt wə:k/

      • Phrase
      • Located at one's place of employment
      A1
      More
    • bacteria

      US /bækˈtɪriə/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪə/

      • Noun (plural)
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • benefit

      US /ˈbɛnəfɪt/

      UK /'benɪfɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Good result or effect, something advantageous
      • A payment made by the state or an insurance policy to someone
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have a good effect or be helpful
      • To receive an advantage; to be helped
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • bloom

      US /blum/

      UK /blu:m/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To flower; to produce flowers
      • To achieve an ideal state of beauty and strength
      • Noun
      • Period of beauty, strength or freshness
      B2
      More
    • brood

      US /brud/

      UK /bru:d/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of birds) to hatch or sit on eggs
      • To think moodily or anxiously about something
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The young of certain animals especially birds
      B2
      More
    • bumblebee

      US /ˈbʌmbəlˌbi/

      UK /ˈbʌmblbi:/

      • Countable Noun
      • Robust hairy social bee of temperate regions
      C2
      More
    • by mistake

      US /baɪ mɪˈstek/

      UK /bai misˈteik/

      • Phrase
      • Accidentally; unintentionally.
      A2
      More
    • chemical

      US /ˈkɛmɪkəl/

      UK /ˈkemɪkl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Basic substance produced by mixing elements
      • The branch of science concerned with the substances of which matter is composed, the investigation of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances.
      • Adjective
      • Made of various elements
      A2
      More
    • community

      US /kəˈmjunɪti/

      UK /kə'mju:nətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Group of people who share a common idea or area
      • A feeling of fellowship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests, and goals.
      • Adjective
      • Relating to or shared by the people in a particular area.
      • Shared or participated in by all members of a group
      A2
      More
    • conservation

      US /ˌkɑ:nsərˈveɪʃn/

      UK /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Protecting the environment or a species
      • Act of keeping in reserve
      B1
      More
    • consume

      US /kənˈsum/

      UK /kən'sju:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To eat, drink, buy or use up something
      • To take all your energy; focus the attention
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • continent

      US /ˈkɑntənənt/

      UK /ˈkɒntɪnənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Very large piece of land, e.g. Africa or Asia
      • Adjective
      • Able to control excretory functions (bowel and bladder).
      B1
      More
    • defend

      US /dɪˈfɛnd/

      UK /dɪ'fend/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To protect and explain your position in court
      • To protect against an attack
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • diversity

      US /dɪˈvə:sɪti, daɪ-/

      UK /daɪ'vɜ:sətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Having a range of different races, ideas etc.
      • A range of different things.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • ecosystem

      US /ˈɛkoˌsɪstəm, ˈiko-/

      UK /ˈi:kəʊsɪstəm/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Types of plants and animals in an specific area
      • A network of interconnected companies, technologies, and services that interact to create value.
      B1
      More
    • egg on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To encourage greatly toward doing something
      A2
      More
    • existence

      US /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/

      UK /ɪɡ'zɪstəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of being present, alive or real
      • A way of living; the manner in which someone lives.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • fauna

      US /'fɔ:nə/

      UK /'fɔ:nə/

      • Noun
      • All of the animals living in a certain area, time
      B2
      More
    • ferment

      US / fɚˈmɛnt/

      UK /'fɜ:ment/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To go through a chemical change to make alcohol
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • figure out

      US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/

      UK /ˈfiɡə aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To understand the behavior of someone
      • To think through logically to find a solution
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To understand or find an answer to something.
      • To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
      A1
      More
    • food source

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A place or thing from which food is obtained.
      B2
      More
    • forage

      US /ˈfɔ:rɪdʒ/

      UK /ˈfɒrɪdʒ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Plants that animals eat
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To wander looking for food as animals do naturally
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • fungus

      US /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

      UK /ˈfʌŋgəs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plant, e.g. mushroom/mold, growing in damp places
      B2
      More
    • going on

      US /ˈɡoɪŋ ɑn/

      UK /ˈgəʊɪŋ ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To continue doing something
      • To happen (usually negative)
      A1
      More
    • hollow

      US /ˈhɑ:loʊ/

      UK /ˈhɒləʊ/

      • Adjective
      • (Of objects) having nothing inside; not solid
      • Lacking value, sincerity, or meaning
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make a solid object have a large hole inside it
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • huge

      US /hjudʒ/

      UK /hju:dʒ/

      • Adjective
      • Very very large
      A2
      More
    • in a manner

      US /ɪn e ˈmænɚ/

      UK /in ə ˈmænə/

      • Phrase
      • In a specific way or style.
      B2
      More
    • in other words

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
      More
    • in return

      US /ɪn rɪˈtɚn/

      UK /in riˈtə:n/

      • Adverb
      • As a reciprocal action or gesture; in exchange or repayment.
      • Phrase
      • As compensation or consideration for something.
      • As a reaction or response to something.
      A1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in the midst of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Surrounded by; in the middle of.
      • During; while something is happening.
      A1
      More
    • in the way

      US /ɪn ði we/

      UK /in ðə wei/

      • Phrase
      • Obstructing someone or something; hindering progress.
      • Stored or placed so as to be available or ready when needed.
      A1
      More
    • in trouble

      US /ɪn ˈtrʌbəl/

      UK /in ˈtrʌbl/

      • Adjective
      • Experiencing difficulties, problems, or legal issues.
      • other
      • In serious trouble or difficulty.
      A1
      More
    • interact with

      US /ˌɪntɚˈækt wɪð/

      UK /ˌɪntərˈækt wið/

      • Phrase
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To engage in communication or action involving mutual or reciprocal influence.
      • To use a computer interface to achieve a specific goal.
      A2
      More
    • intimately

      US /ˈɪntəmɪtlɪ/

      UK /'ɪntɪmɪtlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • Privately and personally
      • In a close or personal way; with detailed knowledge or deep understanding.
      B2
      More
    • knock out

      US /nɑk aʊt/

      UK /nɔk aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To hit and make unconscious
      • To defeat someone so decisively that they cannot continue.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To defeat someone so decisively that they are unable to continue.
      • To destroy or disable something, especially a piece of equipment.
      A2
      More
    • know about

      US /noʊ əˈbaʊt/

      UK /nəʊ əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
      More
    • massive

      US /ˈmæsɪv/

      UK /ˈmæsɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Very big; large; too big
      • Large or imposing in scale or scope.
      B1
      More
    • microbial

      US /maɪ'kroʊbɪrl/

      UK /maɪ'krəʊbɪəl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning, involving or caused by being microbes
      C1
      More
    • native

      US /ˈnetɪv/

      UK /ˈneɪtɪv/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Someone from or born in a specific country
      • Original inhabitant, e.g. before others
      • Adjective
      • Caused by natural ability; innate
      A2
      More
    • nectar

      US /ˈnɛktɚ/

      UK /ˈnektə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sweet liquid found in plants
      • A delicious or delightful drink.
      B2
      More
    • observe

      US /əbˈzɜ:rv/

      UK /əbˈzɜ:v/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To celebrate a particular holiday/religious event
      • To obey or follow laws, rules, or customs
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • odor

      US /'oʊdə/

      UK /'əʊdə/

      • Noun
      • A certain smell, often strong or distinct
      • A distinctive smell, especially an unpleasant one.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A certain smell, often strong or distinct
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • parmesan

      US /ˈpɑ:rməzɑ:n/

      UK /ˈpɑ:mɪzæn/

      • Adjective
      • Strong aged Italian cheese, e.g. grated over pasta
      C1
      More
    • pin down

      US /pɪn daʊn/

      UK /pin daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To force someone to clarify their opinion
      • To discover the exact details about something
      • Transitive Verb
      • To force someone to make a decision or give a clear answer.
      A2
      More
    • pollen

      US /ˈpɑ:lən/

      UK /ˈpɒlən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Fine, usually yellow powder produced by plants
      B2
      More
    • pollination

      US /ˈpɑləneʃən/

      UK /ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Putting pollen on a plant so it makes seeds
      • The process of pollination carried out by insects.
      B2
      More
    • prolific

      US /prəˈlɪfɪk/

      UK /prəˈlɪfɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Producing something in large quantities
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • provision

      US /prəˈvɪʒən/

      UK /prəˈvɪʒn/

      • Noun
      • Clause in a legal document
      • A supply of food and other things that are needed.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • pungent

      US /ˈpʌndʒənt/

      UK /ˈpʌndʒənt/

      • Adjective
      • Being very strong in smell or taste
      C1
      More
    • rely

      US /rɪˈlaɪ/

      UK /rɪ'laɪ/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • Depend on with full trust or confidence
      • To trust or have confidence in someone.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • rely on

      US /rɪˈlaɪ ɑn/

      UK /riˈlai ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To depend on someone or something
      A2
      More
    • research

      US /rɪˈsɚtʃ, ˈriˌsɚtʃ/

      UK /rɪ'sɜ:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To study in order to discover new ideas and facts
      • To study the market relating to marketing products and services.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Study done to discover new ideas and facts
      • A particular area or topic of study.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • residue

      US /ˈrezɪdu:/

      UK /ˈrezɪdju:/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Left over part after most is taken away
      B2
      More
    • reveal

      US /rɪˈvil/

      UK /rɪ'vi:l/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To show something that was hidden before
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • role

      US /rol/

      UK /rəʊl/

      • Noun
      • Character played by an actor
      • Part you play in an activity; job; responsibility
      A2
      More
    • seal

      US /sil/

      UK /si:l/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To close tightly to protect it from leaking
      • To close an envelop or package
      • Noun
      • Large fish-eating animal that lives on sea or land
      • Official mark made in hot wax to close a document
      B1
      More
    • set up

      US /sɛt ʌp/

      UK /set ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make arrangements for something; establish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrange or prepare something for use.
      • To start a business, organization, etc.
      A1
      More
    • shift in

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • A change or alteration in something.
      B2
      More
    • signature

      US /ˈsɪɡnətʃɚ/

      UK /ˈsɪgnətʃə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Something that represents a person's work or style
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person's name written in their handwriting
      • The key in which a piece of music is written, indicated by sharps or flats at the beginning of the stave.
      B1
      More
    • silent

      US /ˈsaɪlənt/

      UK /'saɪlənt/

      • Adjective
      • Without making any noise; soundless
      • Usually speaking very little
      B1
      More
    • solitary

      US /ˈsɑlɪˌtɛri/

      UK /'sɒlətrɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Done alone; spending a lot of time alone
      • Noun
      • A punishment to keep a person alone in a cell
      • A person who chooses to live alone
      B2
      More
    • starve

      US /stɑ:rv/

      UK /stɑ:v/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To (cause to) be hungry or go without food
      • To need or desire very strongly
      B1
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • sustenance

      US /ˈsʌstənəns/

      UK /ˈsʌstənəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • What sustains life, especially food
      C1
      More
    • think of

      US /θɪŋk ʌv/

      UK /θiŋk ɔv/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To look on as (being something specific); consider
      • To consider or remember something.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To imagine or call something to mind
      A1
      More
    • tiny

      US /ˈtaɪni/

      UK /'taɪnɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Very, very small
      A2
      More
    • transform

      US /trænsˈfɔrm/

      UK /træns'fɔ:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change the shape completely in a good way
      • To convert from one form or substance into another.
      C2
      More
    • typically

      US /ˈtɪpɪklɪ/

      UK /ˈtɪpɪkli/

      • Adverb
      • In a normal or usual way
      B1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • vial

      US /ˈvaɪəl/

      UK /'vaɪəl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Small container of glass or plastic
      C1
      More
    • wild

      US /waɪld/

      UK /waɪld/

      • Adverb
      • In a manner which lacks control
      • Adjective
      • Living in nature; not tame
      • (Of land) not developed by people
      A2
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B2
    #bee#pollen#nectar#fungi#solitary#native

    Short Film: The Hidden Reason Bees Are Being Wiped Out

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    林宜悉 posted on 2026/04/01
    Ever wonder why bees are disappearing? This investigative short film dives deep into the fascinating world of bee microbiomes and the surprising impact of fungicides, revealing a hidden reason behind their decline. You'll pick up tons of advanced vocabulary and gain a deeper understanding of these vital ecosystems!

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