abandon
US /əˈbændən/
UK /ə'bændən/
- Transitive Verb
- To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
- To withdraw your support, or leave someone
- Uncountable Noun
- Wild, carefree behavior
B1Moreacademic
US /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/
UK /ˌækə'demɪk/
- Adjective
- Concerning education, schools, universities, etc.
- Concerning education, schools, universities, etc.
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Educator teaching at a college or university
- A subject taught at schools and universities.
B1Morealign
US /əˈlaɪn/
UK /əˈlaɪn/
- Transitive Verb
- To arrange (e.g. objects) in line with one another
- Intransitive Verb
- To be in a line or in the correct position in relation to something else.
B2Morearchaeological
US /ˌɑ:kɪr'lɒdʒɪkl/
UK /ˌɑ:kɪə'lɒdʒɪkl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the study of ancient societies
C1Morearound the world
US /əˈraʊnd ði wɜrld/
UK /əˈraund ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- In or to many countries.
- In various places throughout the world.
A2Moreas one
US
UK
- Adverb
- Acting or moving together at the same time.
- In complete agreement or unity.
- Phrase
- With a single voice or opinion; unanimously.
- In perfect harmony or unison.
A1Moreaspect
US /ˈæspɛkt/
UK /'æspekt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Way something looks or seems to be
- An element, feature, or quality of something
A2TOEICMoreastronomical
US /ˌæstrəˈnɑmɪkəl/
UK /ˌæstrəˈnɒmɪkl/
- Adjective
- Extremely large or high
- Of the study of stars and other bodies in space
B2Moreback into
US /bæk ˈɪntu/
UK /bæk ˈɪntuː/
- Phrasal Verb
- To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
- To accidentally collide with something while moving backwards.
A1Morebounce
US /baʊns/
UK /baʊns/
- Uncountable Noun
- A person's energy or confidence
- Quality causing a person's hair to appear healthy
- Intransitive Verb
- To move around energetically, playfully
- (Of check) to be rejected due to inadequate funds
B1Morecivilization
US /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeʃən/
UK /ˌsɪvəlaɪ'zeɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A highly developed society
B2Morecoastline
US /ˈkoʊstlaɪn/
UK /ˈkəʊstlaɪn/
- Noun
- Area of sea alongside the land in an area
C1Morecondition
US /kənˈdɪʃən/
UK /kənˈdɪʃn/
- Transitive Verb
- To improve something to make it better
- To cause to behave automatically in a certain way
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Disease or other medical problem
- The state of living you are in, e.g. good health
A2Moreconstruction
US /kənˈstrʌkʃən/
UK /kən'strʌkʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of building something; thing that is built
- Something that is made using different parts
A2Moredebut
US /deˈbju, ˈdeˌbju/
UK /'deɪbju:/
- Noun
- First performance, appearance, e.g. of opera star
B1TOEICMoredesignate
US /ˈdɛzɪɡˌnet/
UK /'dezɪɡneɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To officially choose for a position; appoint
- To identify or mark something for a purpose
B1Moredevote
US /dɪˈvoʊt/
UK /dɪˈvəʊt/
- Transitive Verb
- To dedicate
- To decide to use or give (your time, efforts)
B1Moredistance
US /ˈdɪstəns/
UK /'dɪstəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Lack of friendliness toward another person
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Amount of space between two places or things
- A point or place that is far away.
A2Moreempire
US /ˈɛmˌpaɪr/
UK /ˈempaɪə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Group of countries controlled by one government
- A large and important business or group of businesses owned by one person or company.
- Adjective
- A style of dress with a high waistline, just below the bust.
B1Moreenigmatic
US /ˌɛnɪɡˈmætɪk/
UK /ˌenɪgˈmætɪk/
- Adjective
- Difficult to understand or form an opinion of
C1Moreexact
US /ɪɡˈzækt/
UK /ɪɡ'zækt/
- Adjective
- Completely correct; accurate; specific
- Transitive Verb
- To get something, sometimes using force
A2TOEICMoreexceptional
US /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/
UK /ɪkˈsepʃənl/
- Adjective
- Being extremely and unusually good
- (Of circumstance, etc.) being unusual; not normal
B2Moreexpansive
US /ɪkˈspænsɪv/
UK /ɪkˈspænsɪv/
- Adjective
- Talkative; speaking freely
B2Morefall back into
US /fɔl bæk ˈɪntu/
UK /fɔ:l bæk ˈintu/
- other
- To revert to a previous behavior or condition.
B2Morefascinating
US /ˈfæsəˌnetɪŋ/
UK /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/
- Transitive Verb
- To attract or interest greatly
- To hold someone captive with a gaze or other means.
- Adjective
- Having your attention fixated as though by a spell
B1Morefit
US /fɪt/
UK /fɪt/
- Adjective
- Good looking; physically attractive
- Having good physical health and strength
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To install a machine, equipment etc.
- To adjust or change to the right size or shape
A2Morefit together
US /fɪt təˈɡɛðɚ/
UK /fɪt təˈɡeðə/
- other
- To combine or join parts properly or correctly.
B1Moreheritage
US /ˈhɛrɪtɪdʒ/
UK /'herɪtɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Traditional beliefs or customs of a culture
B1Morehomage
US /ˈhɑmɪdʒ/
UK /'hɒmɪdʒ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Giving honor or respect to someone for achievement
B2Morehorizontal
US /ˌhɔ:rəˈzɑ:ntl/
UK /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the horizon
- A level and flat position
- Adverb
- In a horizontal position or direction.
B1Morein another way
US
UK
- Phrase
- Using a different method or approach.
- Stated differently; put in other words.
infrastructure
US /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃɚ/
UK /'ɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
- The underlying framework or system of an organization.
B1Moreingenuity
US /ˌɪndʒəˈnuɪti, -ˈnju-/
UK /ˌɪndʒə'nju:ətɪ/
- Uncountable Noun
- Cleverness and originality
- The ability to solve difficult problems, often in an original and creative way.
C1Moreinvade
US /ɪnˈved/
UK /ɪnˈveɪd/
- Transitive Verb
- To enter something causing a harmful result
- To enter (a country or region) so as to subjugate or occupy it.
B1Morelocal communities
US
UK
- Noun (plural)
- Groups of people living in the same area or having particular characteristics in common.
- Neighborhoods or districts where people share social connections and common interests.
B2Morematerial
US /məˈtɪriəl/
UK /məˈtɪəriəl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Cloth; fabric
- Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
- Adjective
- Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
- Belonging to the world of physical things
A2Moremid
US /mɪd/
UK /mɪd/
- Adjective
- At (or near) the middle point
B2Moremilitary
US /ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri/
UK /'mɪlətrɪ/
- Noun
- Army or armed forces
- Adjective
- Concerning the army or navy
B1Moremortar
US /ˈmɔ:rtə(r)/
UK /ˈmɔ:tə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Stone bowl for crushing substances with a pestle
- Cement, sand, etc. mixture for bonding bricks, etc.
- Transitive Verb
- To use a bonding cement to coat walls
B2Moreoften used to
US
UK
- Phrase
- Frequently employed or utilized for a specific purpose or action.
- Commonly applied or implemented in a particular situation or context.
A1Morepay homage to
US
UK
- Transitive Verb
- To show respect and honor to someone or something.
A1Moreplanet
US /ˈplænɪt/
UK /'plænɪt/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- One of the bodies that orbit the sun
- A different world or sphere of existence.
- Proper Noun
- The earth.
A2Moreprecisely
US /prɪˈsaɪsli/
UK /prɪˈsaɪsli/
- Adverb
- In an exact and accurate manner
- (Emphasizes that a statement is totally correct)
B1TOEICMorepreserve
US /prɪˈzɜ:rv/
UK /prɪˈzɜ:v/
- Transitive Verb
- To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
- To protect something from harm, loss or damage
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Sweet fruit spread; jam
- Protected area of land with plants and animals
B1TOEICMoreprime
US /praɪm/
UK /praɪm/
- Transitive Verb
- To get a person ready for; prepare someone
- To coat with paint to prepare it for the main coat
- Adjective
- Concerning the highest in quality or value
- Concerning the highest level of achievement
A2TOEICMorepurpose
US /ˈpɚpəs/
UK /'pɜ:pəs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Reason for which something is done; aim; goal
- A person's sense of resolve or determination.
- Adverb
- With clear intention or determination.
- Intentionally; deliberately.
A2TOEICMoreremain
US /rɪˈmen/
UK /rɪˈmeɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To be left behind; to continue to exist
- To stay in a place when other people have gone
A2TOEICMoreremarkable
US /rɪˈmɑrkəbəl/
UK /rɪˈmɑ:kəbl/
- Adjective
- Interesting and unexpected, worthy of notice
- Worthy of attention; striking.
A2TOEICMoreretreat
US /rɪˈtrit/
UK /rɪ'tri:t/
- Noun
- Act of a force moving back from a winning enemy
- A place away from home and work to relax
- Intransitive Verb
- (Of army, etc.) to move back from a winning enemy
- To go away from home and work for a vacation
B2Moreserve
US /sɚv/
UK /sɜ:v/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To act in a particular position or office
- To hit the first ball to an opponent in tennis etc.
A2TOEICMoresignificant
US /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/
UK /sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt/
- Adjective
- Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
- Having meaning; important; noticeable
A2TOEICMorestretch
US /strɛtʃ/
UK /stretʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
- To make something bigger by pulling on it
- Noun
- Making arm, leg muscles longer to ease them
- A consecutive row of things
A2TOEICMorestronghold
US /ˈstrɔŋˌhold/
UK /ˈstrɔ:ŋˌhəʊld/
- Noun
- Castle, fort etc. place that is fortified or secure
C2Morestunning
US /ˈstʌnɪŋ/
UK /ˈstʌnɪŋ/
- Adjective
- Causing amazement, e.g. because so very good
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To greatly shock or surprise; totally amaze
- To incapacitate using a special gun
B2Moresuccessive
US /səkˈsɛsɪv/
UK /səkˈsesɪv/
- Adjective
- Happening one after another in a series
B2Moreused to
US /juzd tu/
UK /ˈju:st tə/
- Adjective
- Did regularly before, but don't do now
- Auxiliary Verb
- Have done before, but do not do now
A1Morewell preserved
US
UK
- Adjective
- Maintained in excellent condition; not allowed to decline in quality or appearance.
- Kept from decaying; maintained in a state suitable for later use.
B2More
Vocabulary
- well preserved: Maintained in excellent condition; not allowed to decline in quality or appearance.
- used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
- often used to: Frequently employed or utilized for a specific purpose or action.
- fit together: To combine or join parts properly or correctly.
- back into: To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
- fall back into: To revert to a previous behavior or condition.
- in another way: Using a different method or approach.
- local communities: Groups of people living in the same area or having particular characteristics in common.
- as one: Acting or moving together at the same time.
- pay homage to: To show respect and honor to someone or something.
- around the world: In or to many countries.
- significant: Large enough to be noticed or have an effect
- aspect: Way something looks or seems to be
- material: Cloth; fabric
- stretch: To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
- fascinating: To attract or interest greatly
- infrastructure: Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
- exact: Completely correct; accurate; specific
- purpose: Reason for which something is done; aim; goal
- position: Person's opinion or attitude about something
- academic: Concerning education, schools, universities, etc.
- align: To arrange (e.g. objects) in line with one another
- stunning: Causing amazement, e.g. because so very good
- exist: To be present, alive or real
- prime: To get a person ready for; prepare someone
- heritage: Traditional beliefs or customs of a culture
- precisely: In an exact and accurate manner
- military: Army or armed forces
- condition: To improve something to make it better
- remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
- explain: To make clear or easy to understand by describing
- preserve: To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
- remarkable: Interesting and unexpected, worthy of notice
- planet: One of the bodies that orbit the sun
- distance: Lack of friendliness toward another person
- construction: Act of building something; thing that is built
- lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- civilization: A highly developed society
- abandon: To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
- serve: To act in a particular position or office
- fit: Good looking; physically attractive
- bounce: A person's energy or confidence
- fall: Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
- retreat: Act of a force moving back from a winning enemy
- devote: To dedicate
- debut: First performance, appearance, e.g. of opera star
- century: Period of 100 years
- important: Having power or authority
- astronomical: Extremely large or high
- exceptional: Being extremely and unusually good
- invade: To enter something causing a harmful result
- build: Your physical shape; physique
- piece: A counter in a board game
- language: Words or signs used to communicate messages
- ingenuity: Cleverness and originality
- modern: Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
- natural: Being as one would expect; being usual or normal
- horizontal: Concerning the horizon
- empire: Group of countries controlled by one government
- designate: To officially choose for a position; appoint
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- university: High-level educational institution; college
- know: To be familiar with a person or place, thing
- expansive: Talkative; speaking freely
- homage: Giving honor or respect to someone for achievement
- coastline: Area of sea alongside the land in an area
- mortar: Stone bowl for crushing substances with a pestle
- enigmatic: Difficult to understand or form an opinion of
- successive: Happening one after another in a series
- archaeological: Concerning the study of ancient societies
- mid: At (or near) the middle point
- stronghold: Castle, fort etc. place that is fortified or secure
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Machu Picchu 101 | National Geographic
0
Cesar Maldonado posted on 2026/03/18Ever wondered about the incredible Inca Empire and their amazing dry stone masonry at Machu Picchu? This National Geographic video dives deep into this UNESCO World Heritage site, exploring its astronomical alignments and the mysteries surrounding it. You'll pick up some fantastic advanced vocabulary and gain a deeper cultural understanding of this wonder in the Andes Mountains!
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