Vocabulary

• on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
• on to: Toward something; forward
• cut through: To pass or go directly through something, often overcoming an obstacle.
• instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
• at a cost: Involving loss or sacrifice.
• speak of: To mention someone or something in conversation.
• break from: To separate oneself from an association or way of life, typically due to disagreement or disillusionment.
• thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
• back then: At that time in the past.
• for example: As an illustration or instance.
• try out: To try to win a place on a team in a group
• for free: Without charge; at no cost.
• scale up: To increase in size, number, or extent.
• to scale: In proportion; maintaining accurate relative dimensions.
• above all: Most importantly; more than anything else.
• skim off: To remove (a substance) from the surface of a liquid.
• no matter: Regardless of; it does not matter.
• with just: Using only; with no more than.
• at a time: Separately; one by one
• in ruins: Reduced to a state of destruction or disrepair.
• on the way: During the journey to a particular place.
• at its peak: At the highest point of achievement, intensity, or development.
• sphere of influence: A country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.
• vast: Being very large in size or amount
• journey: Act of traveling from one place to another; trip
• ancient: Very old; having lived a very long time ago
• scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
• practical: Relating to what is sensible, real or useful
• position: Person's opinion or attitude about something
• demand: Desire customers have to buy product, service
• legacy: Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
• spread: A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
• influence: To affect or change something indirectly
• suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
• reach: To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
• faith: Belief in a god or gods; religion
• define: To explain the meaning of words
• population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
• rival: Matching the quality, skill, et. of others
• religious: Following the rules and beliefs of a faith
• universal: Existing in all places at all times for all people
• ground: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
• shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
• violence: Strong physical force of nature
• tolerance: Ability to adjust to changes, your environment etc.
• century: Period of 100 years
• simple: Not hard to understand or do; not complex
• build: Your physical shape; physique
• support: To give assistance or advice to someone
• language: Words or signs used to communicate messages
• rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
• land: Region or country
• merchant: Someone who buys and sells goods
• spice: Plant used for making food sweet or hot-tasting
• empire: Group of countries controlled by one government
• wind: A current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt
• portuguese: Concerning the culture and people of Portugal
• part: Division of a book
• emperor: Man who rules an empire
• world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
• crown: To put a crown on to make someone a king/queen
• carry: To have a child, be pregnant
• pepper: Green, red, or yellow vegetable with hollow center
• buddhist: Someone who follows the teachings of Buddha
• reshape: To form something into a new shape
• northern: In or toward the north
• temple: A flat area on the side of the forehead
• muslim: Of or relating to Islam
• buddhism: Religion devoted to the teaching of Buddha
• arab: Citizen of an Arabic speaking nation
• southeast: Location in the southeastern part of an area