Vocabulary

  • phase out: To gradually end a task, or sell a product
  • in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
  • shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
  • at its peak: At the highest point of achievement, intensity, or development.
  • work in: To make an opening for something in your schedule
  • in practice: In reality or actual use; as opposed to in theory.
  • step to: To approach someone or something, often with a specific purpose.
  • in the past: During a former period of time; previously.
  • out of a job: Without employment; having lost one's job.
  • at risk: In danger; likely to be harmed
  • come back: To reply to someone, often forcefully
  • work at: To have a job at a particular place or organization.
  • making ends meet: To manage to live on the money you have.
  • got to: To arrive at some place
  • talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
  • struggle: To try very hard to do something difficult
  • alternative: Something different you can choose
  • experiment: Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
  • commit: To do something bad, usually a crime
  • proper: Correct according to social or moral rules
  • bond: Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
  • tangible: Able to be touched or felt; real
  • mean: Average of a set of numbers
  • fraction: Small part of something
  • concern: To be about a particular topic
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
  • require: To demand that someone does something
  • pledge: To make a promise; make an oath
  • population: Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
  • challenge: An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
  • seek: To ask someone for help
  • intervention: Getting involved to solve a disagreement, problem
  • communicate: To give and exchange information
  • transition: Change from one state, movement, place to another
  • empty: Containing nothing; with no contents
  • risk: To do something potentially dangerous or foolish
  • agriculture: The science of farming
  • anticipation: Pleasurable feeling about a future event
  • dedication: Addressing book, song to someone to show respect
  • soil: Conditions in which something develops
  • mitigate: To make less severe or serious
  • fossil: Plant or animal that became rock after many years
  • soar: (Of prices, etc.) to increase a lot in a short time
  • depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
  • transform: To change the shape completely in a good way
  • inequality: Situation where things are not equal, fair
  • emit: To release or send out (a gas, etc.)
  • summit: Official meeting(s) of the leaders of countries
  • hub: Center of action or interest
  • transaction: An exchange in business usually involving money
  • staff: Employees of a company
  • government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
  • active: Moving around a lot or doing many things
  • solar: Concerning the sun, or its heat
  • grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
  • province: Subject that a person has a good knowledge of
  • make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • prepare: To make something ready for use
  • wind: A current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt
  • mining: To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
  • world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • renewable: Being able to be replaced naturally
  • unemployment: Number of people without jobs in a country
  • life: All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • cop: Slang for police officer
  • proactively: So as to head off anticipated future problems
  • work: The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
  • degrade: To reduce in amount or strength
  • country: An area of land that is controlled by a government
  • barren: (Of a woman) not able to have children
  • international: Of or relating to several countries
  • blueprint: Plans of how buildings will be built
  • hungry: Feeling a need or want to eat food
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    • agriculture

      US /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ/

      UK /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • The science of farming
      • The study of farming and related sciences.
      A2
      More
    • alternative

      US /ɔlˈtɚnətɪv, æl-/

      UK /ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv/

      • Countable Noun
      • Something different you can choose
      • Adjective
      • A different choice
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • anticipation

      US /ænˌtɪsəˈpeʃən/

      UK /ænˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Pleasurable feeling about a future event
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • at its peak

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • At the highest point of achievement, intensity, or development.
      A1
      More
    • at risk

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • In danger; likely to be harmed
      More
    • barren

      US /ˈbærən/

      UK /ˈbærən/

      • Adjective
      • (Of a woman) not able to have children
      • (Of land) infertile
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • blueprint

      US /ˈbluˌprɪnt/

      UK /ˈblu:prɪnt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plans of how buildings will be built
      • Method use to plan or organize something
      B2
      More
    • bond

      US /bɑnd/

      UK /bɒnd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
      • Closeness that is shared between people or groups
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To develop a close relationship with
      • To become joined or connected, e.g. using glue
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • challenge

      US /ˈtʃæləndʒ/

      UK /'tʃælɪndʒ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An activity you wish to try that may be hard to do
      • Act of formally inviting someone to compete
      • Transitive Verb
      • To formally invite someone to compete at something
      • To question the correctness of something
      A2
      More
    • come back

      US /kʌm bæk/

      UK /kʌm bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To reply to someone, often forcefully
      • To be remembered
      A1
      More
    • commit

      US /kəˈmɪt/

      UK /kə'mɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To do something bad, usually a crime
      • To promise your permanent love or loyalty (to)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • communicate

      US /kəˈmjunɪˌket/

      UK /kə'mju:nɪkeɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To give and exchange information
      • To convey or make known (information, feelings, etc.)
      A2
      More
    • concern

      US /kənˈsɚn/

      UK /kənˈsɜ:n/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To be about a particular topic
      • To have a direct impact on someone
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Company, firm or business
      • Feeling of worry or anxiety
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • cop

      US /kɑp/

      UK /kɒp/

      • Noun
      • Slang for police officer
      B2
      More
    • dedication

      US /ˌdɛdɪˈkeʃən/

      UK /ˌdedɪ'keɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Addressing book, song to someone to show respect
      • Commitment to work hard for something important
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • degrade

      US /dɪˈɡred/

      UK /dɪ'ɡreɪd/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To reduce in amount or strength
      B2
      More
    • depend

      US /dɪˈpend/

      UK /dɪˈpend/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
      • To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • emit

      US /ɪˈmɪt/

      UK /ɪ'mɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To release or send out (a gas, etc.)
      B1
      More
    • experiment

      US /ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/

      UK /ɪk'sperɪmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
      • A course of action tentatively adopted without being sure of the eventual outcome.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To create and perform tests to research something
      • To try something new that you haven't tried before
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • fossil

      US /ˈfɑsəl/

      UK /'fɒsl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plant or animal that became rock after many years
      • A person or thing that is outdated or no longer useful.
      • Adjective
      • Relating to or resembling a fossil.
      • Relating to or denoting energy generated from fossil fuels.
      B1
      More
    • fraction

      US /ˈfrækʃən/

      UK /ˈfrækʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Small part of something
      • A numerical quantity that is not a whole number (e.g., 1/2, 0.5).
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • got to

      US /ɡɑt tu/

      UK /gɔt tu:/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrive at some place
      • To have the opportunity or permission to do something
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To appeal to the emotions of; move
      • To finally begin to start something after a delay
      A1
      More
    • hub

      US /hʌb/

      UK /hʌb/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Center of action or interest
      • Central part of a wheel
      B1
      More
    • hungry

      US /ˈhʌŋɡri/

      UK /ˈhʌŋgri/

      • Adjective
      • Feeling a need or want to eat food
      • Feeling a need or want to eat food
      B2
      More
    • in practice

      US /ɪn ˈpræktɪs/

      UK /in ˈpræktis/

      • Phrase
      • In reality or actual use; as opposed to in theory.
      A1
      More
    • in the future

      US /ɪn ði ˈfjutʃɚ/

      UK /in ðə ˈfju:tʃə/

      • Phrase
      • At a later time; in times to come.
      A1
      More
    • in the past

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • During a former period of time; previously.
      A1
      More
    • in the world

      US /ɪn ði wɜrld/

      UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
      • Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
      A1
      More
    • inequality

      US /ˌɪnɪˈkwɑ:ləti/

      UK /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Situation where things are not equal, fair
      B1
      More
    • intervention

      US /ˌɪntə'venʃn/

      UK /ˌɪntə'venʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Getting involved to solve a disagreement, problem
      • The use of military force by a country in another country's internal affairs.
      B1
      More
    • making ends meet

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To manage to live on the money you have.
      • To earn just enough money to be able to pay for the things you need
      • Phrase
      • Managing to have enough money to pay for the things you need
      A1
      More
    • mining

      US /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

      UK /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To place a bomb in the ground or the sea
      • To dig into the earth or sea to obtain minerals
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of digging to get coal, gold, silver etc.
      B2
      More
    • mitigate

      US /ˈmɪtˌɪɡet/

      UK /'mɪtɪɡeɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make less severe or serious
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • out of a job

      US /aʊt əv ə dʒɑb/

      UK /aʊt əv ə dʒɒb/

      • other
      • Without employment; having lost one's job.
      A2
      More
    • phase out

      US /fez aʊt/

      UK /feiz aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To gradually end a task, or sell a product
      • Phrase
      A2
      More
    • pledge

      US /plɛdʒ/

      UK /pledʒ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make a promise; make an oath
      • Noun
      • A formal promise
      B2
      More
    • population

      US /ˌpɑpjəˈleʃən/

      UK /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Number of people who live in a country, area etc.
      • A group of individuals of one species living in a particular area.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • proactively

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • So as to head off anticipated future problems
      C1
      More
    • proper

      US /ˈprɑpɚ/

      UK /'prɒpə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Correct according to social or moral rules
      • Behaving in a polite and socially acceptable way.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • province

      US /ˈprɑvɪns/

      UK /'prɒvɪns/

      • Noun
      • Subject that a person has a good knowledge of
      • Area a country is divided into outside the capital
      B1
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • remain

      US /rɪˈmen/

      UK /rɪˈmeɪn/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be left behind; to continue to exist
      • To stay in a place when other people have gone
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • renewable

      US /rɪˈnu:/

      UK /rɪˈnju:əbl/

      • Adjective
      • Being able to be replaced naturally
      • Noun
      • A resource that can be used again many times
      C1
      More
    • require

      US /rɪˈkwaɪr/

      UK /rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To demand that someone does something
      • To need to do something, to make it necessary
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • seek

      US /sik/

      UK /si:k/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To ask someone for help
      • To search for; try to find or do; look for
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • shut down

      US /ʃʌt daʊn/

      UK /ʃʌt daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
      • To stop a factory/machine from operating
      • Transitive Verb
      • To deactivate a nuclear reactor.
      • To turn off a computer or other electronic device.
      A2
      More
    • soar

      US /sɔr, sor/

      UK /sɔ:(r)/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of prices, etc.) to increase a lot in a short time
      • To fly or rise high in the air
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • soil

      US /sɔɪl/

      UK /sɔɪl/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Conditions in which something develops
      • Mix of natural material in which plants grow
      • Transitive Verb
      • To get or become dirty
      B1
      More
    • solar

      US /ˈsolɚ/

      UK /'səʊlə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the sun, or its heat
      B1
      More
    • step to

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To approach someone or something, often with a specific purpose.
      • To challenge or confront someone, often aggressively.
      A1
      More
    • struggle

      US /ˈstrʌɡəl/

      UK /'strʌɡl/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try very hard to do something difficult
      • To fight or struggle violently
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Strong efforts made to do something difficult
      • A difficult or challenging situation or task
      A2
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • summit

      US /ˈsʌmɪt/

      UK /'sʌmɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Official meeting(s) of the leaders of countries
      • Highest part or top point of a mountain
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • reach the summit of (a mountain or hill).
      B1
      More
    • talking about

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To discuss a particular topic.
      • To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
      A1
      More
    • tangible

      US /ˈtændʒəbəl/

      UK /ˈtændʒəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Able to be touched or felt; real
      • Able to be seen or noticed; obvious; apparent
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Item which can be seen and touched
      • A thing that is perceptible by touch.
      B2
      More
    • transaction

      US /trænˈsækʃən, -ˈzæk-/

      UK /trænˈzækʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An exchange in business usually involving money
      • A financial exchange or transfer of funds.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • transform

      US /trænsˈfɔrm/

      UK /træns'fɔ:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change the shape completely in a good way
      • To convert from one form or substance into another.
      C2
      More
    • transition

      US /trænˈzɪʃən, -ˈsɪʃ-/

      UK /trænˈzɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Change from one state, movement, place to another
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To change state, movement, place, or subject
      B1
      More
    • unemployment

      US /ˌʌnɛmˈplɔɪmənt,-ɪm-/

      UK /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Number of people without jobs in a country
      • State of not having a job
      B1
      More
    • work at

      US /wɚk æt/

      UK /wə:k æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have a job at a particular place or organization.
      • To make an effort to improve something.
      A1
      More
    • work in

      US /wɚk ɪn/

      UK /wə:k in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To make an opening for something in your schedule
      • To fit person/thing into a schedule or sequence
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #coal#south africa#africa#south#power#transition

    South Africa’s tough plan to ditch coal power | DW News

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2026/02/06
    Ever wondered how countries transition away from coal power? This video dives into South Africa's ambitious plan to shut down its coal plants, exploring the real impact on workers and communities. You'll pick up advanced vocabulary related to energy transitions and hear firsthand accounts that offer a powerful look at job losses and retraining efforts.

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