ancient
US /ˈenʃənt/
UK /'eɪnʃənt/
- Adjective
- Very old; having lived a very long time ago
- Relating to a period in history, especially in the distant past.
- Noun
- A person who lived in ancient times.
A2Morearchaeology
US /ˌɑrkiˈɑlədʒi/
UK /ˌɑ:kiˈɒlədʒi/
- Uncountable Noun
- The study of ancient societies
C1Morearchitect
US /ˈɑrkɪˌtɛkt/
UK /ˈɑ:kɪtekt/
- Noun
- Person who designs and advises on buildings
B1Morearchitecture
US /ˈɑrkɪˌtɛktʃɚ/
UK /ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)/
- Uncountable Noun
- Design and construction of buildings
- The style or design of a building or buildings.
A2Moreartistic
US /ɑ:rˈtɪstɪk/
UK /ɑ:ˈtɪstɪk/
- Adjective
- Being able to paint, write music, etc.; creative
A2Morebasilica
US /bəˈsɪlɪkə/
UK /bəˈzɪlɪkə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Large Christian church with a curved back wall
C1Morebattle
US /ˈbætl/
UK /'bætl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Military fight between armies
- Working hard to stop something; struggle
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To fight or struggle against someone or something
- To work hard to stop something; struggle
A2Morebright
US /braɪt/
UK /braɪt/
- Adjective
- Cheerful and happy (manner)
- (Of color) light and easy to see; vivid
A2Morecapital
US /ˈkæpɪtl/
UK /'kæpɪtl/
- Noun
- Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- Official main city of a country, province or state
- Adjective
- Main, or major
- (Of an offense) liable to the death penalty.
A2Morecollection
US /kəˈlɛkʃən/
UK /kəˈlekʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of asking for money for a debt or a charity
- Group of similar things gathered as a hobby
A2Morecontemporary
US /kənˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/
UK /kən'temprərɪ/
- Adjective
- Being modern, up -to-date, of this age
- Happening in the same time period
- Countable Noun
- Person doing things at the same time as you
B1Morecontrary to
US /ˈkɑnˌtrɛri tu/
UK /ˈkɔntrəri tu:/
- Preposition
- In opposition to; against.
- Differing from; not in agreement with.
A1Morecultural
US /ˈkʌltʃərəl/
UK /ˈkʌltʃərəl/
- Adjective
- Of a particular society's customs and beliefs
- Of arts, music, literature, theater
A2Moredepiction
US /dɪˈpɪkʃən/
UK /dɪ'pɪkʃn/
- Noun
- Picture or a written description of something
B2Moreemperor
US /ˈɛmpəɚ/
UK /'empərə(r)/
- Noun
- Man who rules an empire
B1Moreempire
US /ˈɛmˌpaɪr/
UK /ˈempaɪə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Group of countries controlled by one government
- A large and important business or group of businesses owned by one person or company.
- Adjective
- A style of dress with a high waistline, just below the bust.
B1Moreera
US /'ɪrə/
UK /'ɪərə/
- Noun
- Period characterized by particular events, people
- A major division of geological time, usually divided into periods.
B1Morefigurative
US /ˈfɪɡjərətɪv/
UK /ˈfɪgərətɪv/
- Adjective
- Using a metaphor; not literally
C1Moregrand
US /ɡrænd/
UK /ɡrænd/
- Adjective
- A counter for 1000 of something
- Great in amount, number or size
A2Morehistorical
US /hɪˈstɔrɪkəl,-ˈstɑr-/
UK /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/
- Adjective
- Connected with the past
B1Morehorseback
US /ˈhɔrsˌbæk/
UK /ˈhɔ:sbæk/
- Noun
- On horseback riding on the back of a horse
C2Morein favour of
US /ɪn ˈfevɚ ʌv/
UK /in ˈfeivə ɔv/
- Phrase
- Preposition
- Supporting or approving of something.
A2Morein prison
US /ɪn ˈprɪzən/
UK /in ˈprizən/
- Phrase
- Confined in a prison; incarcerated.
in pursuit
US
UK
- Phrase
- Following or chasing someone or something, typically to catch them.
- Trying to achieve something, often a goal or ambition.
C2Morein reality
US /ɪn riˈælɪti/
UK /in riˈæliti/
- Phrase
- Actually; in fact; truly.
B2Morein the world
US /ɪn ði wɜrld/
UK /in ðə wɜː(r)ld/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- Used to indicate the extent or degree of something, often in a superlative sense.
A1Moreincredible
US /ɪnˈkrɛdəbəl/
UK /ɪnˈkredəbl/
- Adjective
- Very good; amazing
- Really good; amazing; great
A2TOEICMorelegacy
US /ˈlɛɡəsi/
UK /'leɡəsɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
- Something left or given by a person who has died
- Adjective
- Relating to old or outdated computer systems or software.
B2TOEICMorelie
US /lai/
UK /laɪ/
- Intransitive Verb
- To be in a horizontal or flat position
- To say something that you know is not true
- Countable Noun
- An untrue statement, when you know it is not true
A2Morelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Moremarble
US /ˈmɑrbəl/
UK /'mɑ:bl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A hard type of stone, often used in monuments
- Adjective
- Made of or resembling marble.
- Having a veined or swirled appearance like marble.
B1Moremasterpiece
US /ˈmæstɚˌpis/
UK /ˈmɑ:stəpi:s/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Greatest work, e.g. of a famous artist
- An extremely good example of something.
B2Morematerial
US /məˈtɪriəl/
UK /məˈtɪəriəl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Cloth; fabric
- Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
- Adjective
- Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
- Belonging to the world of physical things
A2Moremotif
US /moˈtif/
UK /məʊ'ti:f/
- Noun
- A distinctive form, shape or figure in a design
B2Moremuslim
US /ˈmʌzləm, ˈmʊz-, ˈmʌs-, ˈmʊs-/
UK /ˈmʊzlɪm/
- Adjective
- Of or relating to Islam
C2Moreon horseback
US /ɑn ˈhɔrˌsbæk/
UK /ɒn ˈhɔ:sbæk/
- other
- Riding a horse or sitting astride a horse.
B1Moreopen up to
US
UK
- Phrasal Verb
- To start talking more freely about your feelings and private thoughts.
- To become available or possible.
A1Moreover time
US /ˈovɚ taɪm/
UK /ˈəuvə taim/
- Phrase
- Gradually; as time passes.
- During a long period.
- Adverb
- Gradually; as time passes.
B1Morepalace
US /ˈpælɪs/
UK /ˈpæləs/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Official home of a ruler, such as a king or queen
- The center of government or royal power.
B1Morepreserve
US /prɪˈzɜ:rv/
UK /prɪˈzɜ:v/
- Transitive Verb
- To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
- To protect something from harm, loss or damage
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Sweet fruit spread; jam
- Protected area of land with plants and animals
B1TOEICMorereflect
US /rɪˈflɛkt/
UK /rɪ'flekt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To indicate or be a sign of something
- To bounce back light, heat, sound from a surface
A2TOEICMorereign
US /ren/
UK /reɪn/
- Intransitive Verb
- To be present and felt or sensed by everyone there
- (King or Queen) to rule a country
- Uncountable Noun
- Time during which a person runs an organization
- Period of time when (e.g. king) rules a country
B1Morereservoir
US /ˈrezərvwɑ:(r)/
UK /ˈrezəvwɑ:(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A lake storing water for use by the community
- Large, extra supply of something future use
B1Morescale
US /skel/
UK /skeɪl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Size, level, or amount when compared
- Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To change the size of but keep the proportions
- To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
A2TOEICMorescene
US /sin/
UK /si:n/
- Noun
- Incident where someone behaves angrily, badly
- View that looks like a picture
A2TOEICMoresculpture
US /ˈskʌlptʃɚ/
UK /'skʌlptʃə(r)/
- Noun
- Work of art made by cutting stone, wood, clay etc.
B1Moresee in
US /si ɪn/
UK /si: in/
- Phrasal Verb
- To accompany someone to the entrance of a building or room.
A1Morespectacular
US /spɛkˈtækjəlɚ/
UK /spekˈtækjələ(r)/
- Adjective
- Impressive or out of the ordinary
- Noun
- A lavish or elaborate display or performance.
B1Morespy on
US /spaɪ ɑn/
UK /spai ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To secretly watch someone in order to gather information about them.
tile
US /taɪl/
UK /taɪl/
- Noun
- Squares of hard material to cover floor/roof/wall
B1Moreturkey
US /ˈtɜ:rki/
UK /ˈtɜ:ki/
- Countable Noun
- Edible bird resembling a large chicken
- Noun
- An event that fails badly or is totally ineffectual
- Flesh of large domesticated fowl usually roasted
C1Morevibrant
US /ˈvaɪbrənt/
UK /ˈvaɪbrənt/
- Adjective
- Having a lot of energy and being very active
B1More
Vocabulary
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- in the world: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise, confusion, or disbelief.
- on horseback: Riding a horse or sitting astride a horse.
- see in: To accompany someone to the entrance of a building or room.
- in pursuit: Following or chasing someone or something, typically to catch them.
- in favour of
- spy on: To secretly watch someone in order to gather information about them.
- over time: Gradually; as time passes.
- open up to: To start talking more freely about your feelings and private thoughts.
- contrary to: In opposition to; against.
- in prison: Confined in a prison; incarcerated.
- in reality: Actually; in fact; truly.
- incredible: Very good; amazing
- material: Cloth; fabric
- scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
- ancient: Very old; having lived a very long time ago
- spectacular: Impressive or out of the ordinary
- scene: Incident where someone behaves angrily, badly
- legacy: Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
- reflect: To indicate or be a sign of something
- capital: Writing the first letter of a word in big letters
- vibrant: Having a lot of energy and being very active
- preserve: To cook food so it can be kept for long periods
- form: Sports team or person's current winning record
- architecture: Design and construction of buildings
- contemporary: Being modern, up -to-date, of this age
- create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
- grand: A counter for 1000 of something
- era: Period characterized by particular events, people
- reign: To be present and felt or sensed by everyone there
- architect: Person who designs and advises on buildings
- masterpiece: Greatest work, e.g. of a famous artist
- century: Period of 100 years
- continue: To do something without stopping, or after pausing
- sculpture: Work of art made by cutting stone, wood, clay etc.
- build: Your physical shape; physique
- detail: Small part of something; tiny fact
- modern: Of the present time; up to date; contemporary
- head: To hit a ball with your head in a game
- bright: Cheerful and happy (manner)
- great: Very good; better than before
- palace: Official home of a ruler, such as a king or queen
- marble: A hard type of stone, often used in monuments
- include: To make someone, something part of a group
- empire: Group of countries controlled by one government
- battle: Military fight between armies
- lie: To be in a horizontal or flat position
- figurative: Using a metaphor; not literally
- popular: Liked or enjoyed by many people
- emperor: Man who rules an empire
- collection: Act of asking for money for a debt or a charity
- world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
- cultural: Of a particular society's customs and beliefs
- reservoir: A lake storing water for use by the community
- side: To decide to agree with one point, not the other
- work: The product of some artistic or literary endeavor
- historical: Connected with the past
- tile: Squares of hard material to cover floor/roof/wall
- famous: Excellent
- artistic: Being able to paint, write music, etc.; creative
- motif: A distinctive form, shape or figure in a design
- depiction: Picture or a written description of something
- muslim: Of or relating to Islam
- turkey: Edible bird resembling a large chicken
- archaeology: The study of ancient societies
- basilica: Large Christian church with a curved back wall
- horseback: On horseback riding on the back of a horse
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Great Art Cities: Istanbul
0
Kay Wu posted on 2026/02/01Ever wondered about the incredible art hidden in Istanbul? This video dives deep into the city's amazing history, from Byzantine art and Ottoman tiles to the mysterious Medusa heads in the Underground Cisterns. You'll pick up tons of advanced vocabulary and cultural insights, making it perfect for history lovers and language learners alike!
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