Vocabulary

  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
  • depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • answer to: To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
  • inside of: Within; in the inner part of.
  • on the verge of: Very near to doing or experiencing something.
  • of itself: Happening automatically without external cause or help.
  • outside of: Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • bump into: To meet someone accidentally
  • move around: To change position or location; to go from place to place.
  • spread out: To extend or stretch over a large area.
  • at some point: At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
  • for free: Without charge; at no cost.
  • allow for: To take into consideration
  • at least: As a minimum
  • in a nutshell: As a summary; including the main points concisely
  • in relation to: Concerning; with reference to; regarding.
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • in on: To be involved in a secret or plan.
  • in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
  • by blood: Connected through biological or family relationships.
  • breathe in: To inhale; to take air into the lungs.
  • fill up
  • picks up: To catch a criminal and take to police station
  • at most: Not more than; a maximum of.
  • take in: To allow to enter; receive as a guest
  • add up to: To amount to a particular sum or total.
  • bring in: To earn a certain amount of money or profits
  • at a glance: Immediately; instantly upon looking.
  • along with: In addition to; together with.
  • stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • constantly: Frequently, or without pause
  • physical: Health check at the doctors' or hospital
  • tend: To move or act in a certain manner
  • sense: Certain mental feeling or emotion
  • precious: Having a youthful, cute, and pleasant appearance
  • consume: To eat, drink, buy or use up something
  • bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • fundamental: Forming a necessary part, base, or core
  • environment: Natural world in which plants and animals live
  • spread: A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
  • contract: To become ill as a result of getting a disease
  • insight: Power to understand people and things very well
  • abundance: Quantity that is very large or more than enough
  • avoid: To prevent from happening
  • occur: To come to pass or to happen
  • reach: To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
  • tiny: Very, very small
  • universe: All of space that contains planets and stars
  • glucose: Natural type of sugar found in fruits and plants
  • diversity: Having a range of different races, ideas etc.
  • vessel: Container, such as a cup, for holding liquids
  • surface: To give (road) a top layer
  • require: To demand that someone does something
  • form: Sports team or person's current winning record
  • digestion: Process of changing eaten food for use in the body
  • evolution: Theory that living things change over time
  • giant: Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
  • create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
  • volume: Number or amount of something e.g. sales
  • oxygen: A gas in the air that we need to breathe
  • dissolve: To cause something to end
  • energy: Physical or mental strength
  • randomly: With no pattern or clear purpose; by chance
  • fold: To bend one part of something against another
  • bump: To bounce along over a rough surface
  • waste: To kill or severely harm someone
  • dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
  • carbon: Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
  • place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
  • fill: To make something full
  • delightful: Greatly pleasing or entertaining
  • pump: To make liquid or gas flow in a particular direction
  • hide: To go to, or put a thing where it can't be found
  • make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • product: Item that can be bought
  • maximize: To make as large or great as possible
  • evenly: Equally; with advantage to both sides
  • area: Amount of measured space
  • world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • bacterium: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • life: All the living things e.g. animals, plants, humans
  • problem: Something difficult to deal with or causes trouble
  • diffuse: To cause something to spread through a large area
  • cube: Solid object that has six square sides
  • gradient: A measure of how steep something is
  • badminton: Sport in which a shuttlecock is hit over a net
  • diffusion: Spreading out over a larger area
  • plumb: Precisely or exactly
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • abundance

      US /əˈbʌndəns/

      UK /əˈbʌndəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Quantity that is very large or more than enough
      B2
      More
    • add up to

      US /æd ʌp tu/

      UK /æd ʌp tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To amount to a particular sum or total.
      • To have a particular result or effect; to be equal to.
      A2
      More
    • allow for

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To take into consideration
      A1
      More
    • along with

      US /əˈlɔŋ wɪð/

      UK /əˈlɔŋ wið/

      • Preposition
      • In addition to; together with.
      • Adverb
      • In company or together with someone or something.
      • Including; in addition to.
      A2
      More
    • answer to

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
      • To correspond to or match a description or requirement.
      A1
      More
    • at a glance

      US /æt e ɡlæns/

      UK /æt ə ɡlɑ:ns/

      • Phrase
      • Immediately; instantly upon looking.
      A1
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • at most

      US /æt most/

      UK /æt məust/

      • Adverb
      • Not more than; a maximum of.
      • Phrase
      • Used to indicate an upper limit or maximum quantity.
      A1
      More
    • at some point

      US /æt sʌm pɔɪnt/

      UK /æt sʌm pɔint/

      • Phrase
      • At an unspecified time, usually in the future.
      A1
      More
    • avoid

      US /əˈvɔɪd/

      UK /ə'vɔɪd/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To prevent from happening
      • To stay away from
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • bacteria

      US /bækˈtɪriə/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪə/

      • Noun (plural)
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • bacterium

      US /bækˈtɪriəm/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪəm/

      • Countable Noun
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • badminton

      US /ˈbædˌmɪntən/

      UK /ˈbædmɪntən/

      • Noun
      • Sport in which a shuttlecock is hit over a net
      C1
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • breathe in

      US /brið ɪn/

      UK /bri:ð in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To inhale; to take air into the lungs.
      B1
      More
    • bring in

      US /brɪŋ ɪn/

      UK /briŋ in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To earn a certain amount of money or profits
      • To add person into existing group, e.g. phone call
      A1
      More
    • bump

      US /bʌmp/

      UK /bʌmp/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To bounce along over a rough surface
      • To knock against with force or violence
      • Noun
      • Act or sound of one solid object hitting another
      • Raised area on any smooth surface
      B1
      More
    • bump into

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To meet someone accidentally
      • To collide with something.
      B1
      More
    • by blood

      US /baɪ blʌd/

      UK /baɪ blʌd/

      • other
      • Connected through biological or family relationships.
      B1
      More
    • carbon

      US /ˈkɑrbən/

      UK /'kɑ:bən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
      B1
      More
    • constantly

      US /ˈkɑnstəntlɪ/

      UK /ˈkɒnstəntli/

      • Adverb
      • Frequently, or without pause
      • In a way that is unchanging or faithful
      B1
      More
    • consume

      US /kənˈsum/

      UK /kən'sju:m/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To eat, drink, buy or use up something
      • To take all your energy; focus the attention
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • cube

      US /kjub/

      UK /kju:b/

      • Noun
      • Solid object that has six square sides
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cut food into the shape of small cubes
      • To multiply a number by itself three times
      B2
      More
    • delightful

      US /dɪˈlaɪtfəl/

      UK /dɪˈlaɪtfl/

      • Adjective
      • Greatly pleasing or entertaining
      B2
      More
    • depend

      US /dɪˈpend/

      UK /dɪˈpend/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
      • To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • depending on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
      • Influenced or determined by.
      • Preposition
      • Subject to; contingent on
      • Relying on someone or something for support or assistance.
      A2
      More
    • diffuse

      US /dɪˈfjuz/

      UK /dɪ'fju:z/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause something to spread through a large area
      B2
      More
    • diffusion

      US /dɪˈfjuʒən/

      UK /dɪ'fju:ʒn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Spreading out over a larger area
      B2
      More
    • digestion

      US /daɪˈdʒɛstʃən, dɪ-/

      UK /daɪˈdʒestʃən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of changing eaten food for use in the body
      • The process of understanding new information
      B2
      More
    • dioxide

      US /daɪˈɑksaɪd/

      UK /daɪˈɒksaɪd/

      • Noun
      • An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
      B2
      More
    • dissolve

      US /dɪˈzɑ:lv/

      UK /dɪˈzɒlv/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause something to end
      • To dismiss, e.g. a law-making body
      B2
      More
    • diversity

      US /dɪˈvə:sɪti, daɪ-/

      UK /daɪ'vɜ:sətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Having a range of different races, ideas etc.
      • A range of different things.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • energy

      US /ˈɛnədʒi/

      UK /'enədʒɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Physical or mental strength
      • Enthusiasm and determination.
      A2
      More
    • evenly

      US /ˈivənlɪ/

      UK /ˈi:vnli/

      • Adverb
      • Equally; with advantage to both sides
      • In a smooth, level or regular way
      B2
      More
    • evolution

      US /ˌɛvəˈluʃən, ˌivə-/

      UK /ˌi:və'lu:ʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Theory that living things change over time
      • Process by which something develops over time
      B1
      More
    • fill up

      US /fɪl ʌp/

      UK /fil ʌp/

      • Phrase
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make something full.
      • To become full.
      A1
      More
    • fold

      US /fold/

      UK /fəʊld/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To bend one part of something against another
      • (Of business) to fail or close down
      • Countable Noun
      • Pen where sheep are kept
      • Group of people who have a common belief
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for free

      US /fɔr fri/

      UK /fɔ: fri:/

      • Phrase
      • Without charge; at no cost.
      • Adjective
      • Available without payment.
      A2
      More
    • fundamental

      US /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl/

      UK /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/

      • Adjective
      • Forming a necessary part, base, or core
      • Of central importance.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A basic part of something
      • (Music) the lowest note in a harmony
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • giant

      US /ˈdʒaɪənt/

      UK /'dʒaɪənt/

      • Countable Noun
      • Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
      • Very successful, powerful person or organization
      • Adjective
      • Very large, or much bigger than other things
      A2
      More
    • glucose

      US /ˈɡluˌkos/

      UK /'ɡlu:kəʊs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Natural type of sugar found in fruits and plants
      • The concentration of glucose in the blood, often measured to monitor metabolic health.
      C1
      More
    • gradient

      US /ˈɡrediənt/

      UK /ˈgreɪdiənt/

      • Noun
      • A measure of how steep something is
      B2
      More
    • in a nutshell

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As a summary; including the main points concisely
      C2
      More
    • in on

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • To be involved in a secret or plan.
      • To be aware of something that is secret or not generally known.
      A1
      More
    • in order to

      US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/

      UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/

      • Preposition
      • For the purpose of; with the aim of.
      • Phrase
      • In a specific sequence or arrangement.
      • With the aim of; for the purpose of.
      C1
      More
    • in relation to

      US /ɪn rɪˈleʃən tu/

      UK /in riˈleiʃən tu:/

      • Phrase
      • Concerning; with reference to; regarding.
      • Compared with.
      B1
      More
    • inside of

      US /ɪnˈsaɪd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsaid ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • Within; in the inner part of.
      • Within a certain period of time.
      A1
      More
    • insight

      US /ˈɪnˌsaɪt/

      UK /'ɪnsaɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Power to understand people and things very well
      • Very good understanding of something
      B1
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • maximize

      US /ˈmæksəˌmaɪz/

      UK /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make as large or great as possible
      B1
      More
    • move around

      US /muv əˈraʊnd/

      UK /mu:v əˈraund/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To change position or location; to go from place to place.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To spread or circulate (e.g., information, rumors).
      More
    • occur

      US /əˈkɚ/

      UK /əˈkɜ:(r)/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To come to pass or to happen
      • To be found to exist; to be present.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • of itself

      US /ʌv ɪtˈself/

      UK /əv ɪtˈself/

      • other
      • Happening automatically without external cause or help.
      B1
      More
    • on earth

      US /ɑn ɚθ/

      UK /ɔn ə:θ/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
      • Used to emphasize that something is not possible or will not happen.
      A1
      More
    • on the verge of

      US /ɑn ði vɚdʒ ʌv/

      UK /ɔn ðə və:dʒ ɔv/

      • Phrase
      • Very near to doing or experiencing something.
      A1
      More
    • outside of

      US /aʊtˈsaɪd ʌv/

      UK /ˌautˈsaid ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
      • Beyond the scope, range, or limits of something.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • oxygen

      US /ˈɑksɪdʒən/

      UK /'ɒksɪdʒən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • A gas in the air that we need to breathe
      • Oxygen administered as a medical treatment.
      B1
      More
    • physical

      US /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

      UK /ˈfɪzɪkl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Health check at the doctors' or hospital
      • Adjective
      • Concerning the body of a person
      • Concerning things that can be seen or touched
      A2
      More
    • picks up

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To catch a criminal and take to police station
      • To start again where you left off
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • Learns or acquires something, often quickly or without effort.
      • Collects someone or something.
      A1
      More
    • plumb

      US /plʌm/

      UK /plʌm/

      • Adverb
      • Precisely or exactly
      • Transitive Verb
      • To measure the depth of something
      • To connect pipes, baths, toilets to a water source
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • precious

      US /ˈprɛʃəs/

      UK /'preʃəs/

      • Adjective
      • Having a youthful, cute, and pleasant appearance
      • Very little (time, money etc.)
      B1
      More
    • pump

      US /pʌmp/

      UK /pʌmp/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make liquid or gas flow in a particular direction
      • To make water/other liquid move using a machine
      • Noun
      • A device more moving liquids
      • Light woman's shoe
      B1
      More
    • randomly

      US /'rændəmlɪ/

      UK /'rændəmlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • With no pattern or clear purpose; by chance
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • reach

      US /ritʃ/

      UK /ri:tʃ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
      • To be long enough to get to a certain place
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Power or control someone has over something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • require

      US /rɪˈkwaɪr/

      UK /rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To demand that someone does something
      • To need to do something, to make it necessary
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • spread

      US /sprɛd/

      UK /spred/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
      • The distance between two things
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To place over a large area; to cover a large area
      • (Of ideas, gossip) to pass to and affect others
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • spread out

      US /sprɛd aʊt/

      UK /spred aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To extend or stretch over a large area.
      • To arrange things so that they cover a large area.
      B2
      More
    • stuff

      US /stʌf/

      UK /stʌf/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Generic description for things, materials, objects
      • Transitive Verb
      • To push material inside something, with force
      B1
      More
    • surface

      US /ˈsɚfəs/

      UK /'sɜ:fɪs/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To give (road) a top layer
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To appear after being hidden, unseen, or unknown
      • To come to the top of something; emerge
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • take in

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To allow to enter; receive as a guest
      • To include or add
      • Transitive Verb
      • To absorb (liquid).
      • To understand or comprehend something.
      A1
      More
    • tend

      US /tɛnd/

      UK /tend/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To move or act in a certain manner
      • Transitive Verb
      • To take care of
      A2
      More
    • tiny

      US /ˈtaɪni/

      UK /'taɪnɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Very, very small
      A2
      More
    • universe

      US /ˈjunəˌvɚs/

      UK /ˈju:nɪvɜ:s/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • All of space that contains planets and stars
      • Things surrounding a person, affecting their life
      B2
      More
    • vessel

      US /ˈvɛsəl/

      UK /ˈvesl/

      • Countable Noun
      • Container, such as a cup, for holding liquids
      • A ship or boat; something that carries things
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • volume

      US /ˈvɑljum, -jəm/

      UK /ˈvɒlju:m/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Number or amount of something e.g. sales
      • Amount of space that something takes up
      • Countable Noun
      • One book that is part of a set of books
      A2
      More
    • waste

      US /west/

      UK /weɪst/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To kill or severely harm someone
      • To use valuable things ineffectively
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Materials left over after a process has finished
      A2TOEIC
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #diffusion#surface#bacterium#surface area#oxygen#blood

    How Large Can a Bacteria get? Life & Size 3

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    林宜悉 posted on 2026/01/28
    Ever wondered how tiny bacteria manage to survive and grow? This animated explainer dives into the fascinating science of diffusion, the square cube law, and how these principles limit the size of life! You'll pick up some awesome advanced vocabulary related to biology and physics, making it a super engaging way to boost your English.

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