adolescence
US /ˌædlˈɛsəns/
UK /ˌædəˈlesns/
- Noun
- Developmental period typically in the teen years
- The period of life from puberty to maturity.
B2Morealert
US /əˈlɚt/
UK /ə'lɜ:t/
- Adjective
- Being aware and able to respond quickly
- Transitive Verb
- To warn someone so they can respond to it
B1TOEICMoreat the same time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- Nevertheless; however; used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
A1Moreattempt
US /əˈtɛmpt/
UK /ə'tempt/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To try to do something challenging or difficult
- Noun
- Effort made to try to do or accomplish something
A2TOEICMorebedtime
US /ˈbɛdˌtaɪm/
UK /ˈbedtaɪm/
- Noun
- Time you go to bed
C1Moreboost
US /bust/
UK /bu:st/
- Transitive Verb
- To increase something; to make something better
- To push someone or something up from beneath them
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An increase in something
B1TOEICMorebounce
US /baʊns/
UK /baʊns/
- Uncountable Noun
- A person's energy or confidence
- Quality causing a person's hair to appear healthy
- Intransitive Verb
- To move around energetically, playfully
- (Of check) to be rejected due to inadequate funds
B1Morebounce back
US /baʊns bæk/
UK /bauns bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To return quickly to a normal condition after a difficult situation or illness.
B2Morebriefly
US /ˈbriːfli/
UK /ˈbri:fli/
- Adverb
- Using little time or resources
B1Morecaffeine
US /kæˈfin, ˈkæfˌin, ˈkæfiɪn/
UK /ˈkæfi:n/
- Uncountable Noun
- Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
- The amount of caffeine in a substance.
B2Morecalm
US /kɑm/
UK /kɑ:m/
- Adjective
- Without wind or storm; quiet; peaceful
- Relaxed and not worried or angry
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To make or become relaxed and not worried or angry
A2Moreconsolidate
US /kənˈsɑ:lɪdeɪt/
UK /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To combine into one; make bigger or stronger
B1Morecool down
US /kul daʊn/
UK /ku:l daun/
- Phrasal Verb
- To become cooler; to reduce in temperature.
- To become calm and relaxed after being angry or excited.
- Intransitive Verb
- To perform light exercises after a more intense workout to gradually decrease heart rate and breathing.
A2Morecore
US /kɔr, kor/
UK /kɔ:(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To take out the central section of a fruit
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Important central part of something
- The hard central part of certain fruits, containing the seeds.
A2Morecortex
US /ˈkɔrˌteks/
UK /'kɔ:teks/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The outer part of an organ/structure, e.g. brain
- The outer layer of the cerebrum (the cerebral cortex), other organs, or a plant.
C1Morecyclical
US /ˈsɪklɪkəl/
UK /ˈsɪklɪkəl/
- Adjective
- Series of regular and repeated actions
B1Moredash
US /dæʃ/
UK /dæʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To hit against something with a lot of force
- To destroy or damage a feeling, such as hope
- Noun
- Hyphen e.g. '-'; or space
- Act of running quickly towards a particular place
B1TOEICMoredefeat
US /dɪˈfit/
UK /dɪ'fi:t/
- Transitive Verb
- To beat an enemy, team, disease
- To prevent something from succeeding.
- Noun
- When you lose a fight, game or competition
- The feeling of having been beaten.
B1Moredepression
US /dɪˈprɛʃən/
UK /dɪ'preʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Medical condition of a lack of vitality
- Period of unemployment and low economic activity
B2Moredeprivation
US /ˌdɛprəˈveʃən/
UK /ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn/
- Uncountable Noun
- State of lacking something needed
- The state of lacking or being denied something considered necessary.
B2Moredwindle
US /ˈdwɪndl/
UK /'dwɪndl/
- Intransitive Verb
- To make or become less or smaller gradually
B2Moreemotion
US /ɪˈmoʃən/
UK /iˈməuʃən/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A feeling such as sadness, anger or love
- A mental state that arises spontaneously rather than through conscious effort
A2Moreempire
US /ˈɛmˌpaɪr/
UK /ˈempaɪə(r)/
- Countable Noun
- Group of countries controlled by one government
- A large and important business or group of businesses owned by one person or company.
- Adjective
- A style of dress with a high waistline, just below the bust.
B1Moreessay
US /ˈɛsˌe, ɛˈse/
UK /'eseɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Short piece of written opinion on a subject
- A test of the quality of a metal or ore.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To attempt or try.
- To test or evaluate the quality of something.
B1Moreeuphoria
US /juˈfɔriə, -ˈfor-/
UK /ju:ˈfɔ:riə/
- Uncountable Noun
- Extreme happiness, sometimes more than reasonable
C1TOEICMorefor long
US
UK
- Phrase
- For a considerable period of time.
- For a significant duration in the future.
A1Morefor that matter
US /fɔr ðæt ˈmætɚ/
UK /fɔ: ðæt ˈmætə/
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize that something is true or likely to happen, or to introduce a related point.
- Used to introduce a statement that supports or strengthens a previous statement.
A2Moregland
US /ɡlænd/
UK /ɡlænd/
- Noun
- Organ that produces substances for the body to use
B2Morehave on
US /hæv ɑn/
UK /hæv ɔn/
- Phrasal Verb
- To be wearing something.
- To deceive or trick someone, often in a playful way.
A1Morehead up
US /hɛd ʌp/
UK /hed ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To lead or manage a team, project, or organization.
A1Morehormone
US /ˈhɔrˌmon/
UK /'hɔ:məʊn/
- Noun
- Chemical produced by the body to control functions
B2Morehypothalamus
US /ˌhaɪpoˈθæləməs/
UK /ˌhaɪpəˈθæləməs/
- Noun
- Basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system
C1Morein check
US /ɪn tʃɛk/
UK /in tʃek/
- Phrase
- Under control; restrained.
- Verified or confirmed to be correct or accurate.
involve
US /ɪnˈvɑlv/
UK /ɪn'vɒlv/
- Transitive Verb
- To have or be included as a part of something
- To cause (a person or group) to take part in an event or activity.
A2TOEICMoreirritable
US /ˈɪrɪtəbəl/
UK /ˈɪrɪtəbl/
- Adjective
- Annoyed; easily annoyed or angered
- Easily inflamed or sore.
B2Morelead to
US /lid tu/
UK /li:d tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To result in some action
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To have something as a consequence or result.
A1Moremelatonin
US //mel.əˈtoʊ.nɪn//
UK //mel.əˈtəʊ.nɪn//
- Uncountable Noun
- Hormone secreted by the pineal gland
- A synthetic form of the hormone melatonin, often taken as a dietary supplement to promote sleep.
B1Moremental
US /ˈmɛntl/
UK /ˈmentl/
- Adjective
- Concerning the mind
A2TOEICMorenucleus
US /ˈnu:kliəs/
UK /ˈnju:kliəs/
- Noun
- Center of an atom
- Control center of a cell
B2Moreon average
US /ɑn ˈævərɪdʒ/
UK /ɔn ˈævəridʒ/
- Phrase
- Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
B1Morereaction
US /riˈækʃən/
UK /rɪ'ækʃn/
- Noun
- Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- Feeling or action in response to something
A2Morerelease
US /rɪ'li:s/
UK /rɪ'li:s/
- Transitive Verb
- To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
- Noun
- Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
- Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
A2TOEICMorerhythm
US /ˈrɪðəm/
UK /ˈrɪðəm/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Pattern of events, motions, or changes
- A pattern of sound and beats in music
A2Moresame time
US
UK
- Phrase
- Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- At the identical time as before; recurring at a fixed hour.
- Noun
- An equal duration or period.
A1Morescience
US /ˈsaɪəns/
UK /'saɪəns/
- Uncountable Noun
- Study of the physical world, based on facts
A2TOEICMoreslash
US /slæʃ/
UK /slæʃ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Line ( / ) used in writing
- Long, deep cut, caused by a sharp object
- Transitive Verb
- To cut violently with a sharp object
- To decrease something by a large amount
B2TOEICMorestare
US /stɛr/
UK /steə(r)/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To look at someone or something for a long time
- Noun
- A long look at something or someone for a reason
A2Morestay up
US /ste ʌp/
UK /stei ʌp/
- Phrasal Verb
- To not go to bed until late
A1Morestretch
US /strɛtʃ/
UK /stretʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
- To make something bigger by pulling on it
- Noun
- Making arm, leg muscles longer to ease them
- A consecutive row of things
A2TOEICMorestroke
US /strok/
UK /strəʊk/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- When blood cannot get to brain, causing damage
- Mark made by a pen, pencil or brush
- Transitive Verb
- To rub your hand in a caring way on something
B1Moresuch as
US /sʌtʃ æz/
UK /sʌtʃ æz/
- Preposition
- For example; like
A1Moretemperature
US /ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə-/
UK /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- When you your body heat is above normal
- How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather
A2Moretrigger
US /ˈtrɪɡɚ/
UK /'trɪɡə(r)/
- Noun
- Lever on a gun that you pull to fire
- Device that starts a process
- Transitive Verb
- To start a process off e.g. a memory
- To cause something to begin or happen.
B1Morevirtually
US /ˈvɚtʃuəli/
UK /ˈvɜ:tʃuəli/
- Adverb
- In an almost complete or entire manner
B1Morevulnerable
US /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/
UK /ˈvʌlnərəbl/
- Adjective
- Being open to attack or damage
- Being easily harmed, hurt, or wounded
B1Morewander
US /ˈwɑ:ndə(r)/
UK /ˈwɒndə(r)/
- Intransitive Verb
- To move through a place with no particular purpose
- To move through a place with no particular purpose
A2TOEICMorewaste
US /west/
UK /weɪst/
- Transitive Verb
- To kill or severely harm someone
- To use valuable things ineffectively
- Uncountable Noun
- Materials left over after a process has finished
A2TOEICMore
Vocabulary
- stay up: To not go to bed until late
- such as: For example; like
- at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
- same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
- cool down: To become cooler; to reduce in temperature.
- lead to: To result in some action
- head up: To lead or manage a team, project, or organization.
- in check: Under control; restrained.
- bounce back: To return quickly to a normal condition after a difficult situation or illness.
- for long: For a considerable period of time.
- have on: To be wearing something.
- on average: Typically; usually; based on an average calculation.
- for that matter: Used to emphasize that something is true or likely to happen, or to introduce a related point.
- vulnerable: Being open to attack or damage
- mental: Concerning the mind
- deprivation: State of lacking something needed
- depression: Medical condition of a lack of vitality
- rhythm: Pattern of events, motions, or changes
- trigger: Lever on a gun that you pull to fire
- stretch: To make your arm, leg muscles long to ease them
- boost: To increase something; to make something better
- dopamine: Drug used to treat shock and hypotension
- anxious: Afraid of what may happen; worried and nervous
- attempt: To try to do something challenging or difficult
- cortex: The outer part of an organ/structure, e.g. brain
- develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
- irritable: Annoyed; easily annoyed or angered
- hormone: Chemical produced by the body to control functions
- stare: To look at someone or something for a long time
- calm: Without wind or storm; quiet; peaceful
- virtually: In an almost complete or entire manner
- alert: Being aware and able to respond quickly
- stroke: When blood cannot get to brain, causing damage
- brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
- draw: To attract attention to someone or something
- prefrontal: Anterior to a frontal structure
- circadian: Concerning biological processes occurring at -hour intervals
- hippocampus: A part of the brain that is part of the limbic system and is important for memory
- release: To free someone from a responsibility or burden
- effect: An advantage, benefit
- reaction: Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- core: To take out the central section of a fruit
- involve: To have or be included as a part of something
- melatonin: Hormone secreted by the pineal gland
- consolidate: To combine into one; make bigger or stronger
- wander: To move through a place with no particular purpose
- rest: Time when one relaxes, sleeps, or is inactive
- adolescence: Developmental period typically in the teen years
- mood: Emotion or a state of mind; how you feel
- defeat: To beat an enemy, team, disease
- essay: Short piece of written opinion on a subject
- caffeine: Substance in coffee, etc. that keeps you awake
- amygdala: Almond-shaped structure in the brain's anterior
- bounce: A person's energy or confidence
- slash: Line ( / ) used in writing
- briefly: Using little time or resources
- gland: Organ that produces substances for the body to use
- normal: Standard or regular way of doing something
- waste: To kill or severely harm someone
- euphoria: Extreme happiness, sometimes more than reasonable
- adenosine: (biochemistry) a nucleoside that is a structural component of nucleic acids; it is present in all living cells in a combined form as a constituent of DNA and RNA and ADP and ATP and AMP
- emotion: A feeling such as sadness, anger or love
- science: Study of the physical world, based on facts
- temperature: When you your body heat is above normal
- dwindle: To make or become less or smaller gradually
- dash: To hit against something with a lot of force
- hypothalamus: Basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system
- pull: Act of breathing in smoke, as from a pipe
- nucleus: Center of an atom
- empire: Group of countries controlled by one government
- cyclical: Series of regular and repeated actions
- bedtime: Time you go to bed
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
What staying up all night does to your brain - Anna Rothschild
0
Linh Nguyễn posted on 2025/04/20Ever pulled an all-nighter and felt like a zombie? This TED-Ed video dives into what staying up all night *really* does to your brain, explaining fascinating concepts like circadian rhythms and memory consolidation. You'll pick up some awesome advanced vocabulary while learning practical tips about sleep!
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