Vocabulary

  • in charge: To be responsible for
  • go back to: To return to a starting point
  • being blamed: To be in the process of receiving responsibility or fault for something negative.
  • turned out: To arrive for a public event or entertainment
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • on to: Toward something; forward
  • in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
  • make ends meet: To manage to live on the money you have.
  • have to: Must do
  • prior to: Before a particular time or event.
  • in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
  • phase out: To gradually end a task, or sell a product
  • in terms of
  • on the table: Located on the surface of a table.
  • talking about: To discuss a particular topic.
  • out of control: Impossible to manage or control.
  • thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
  • as time goes by: Over the course of time; as time passes.
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
  • in areas: Located or occurring within specific regions or locations.
  • on time
  • look back: To think about past events
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • struggle: To try very hard to do something difficult
  • pandemic: (of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals, or plants
  • term: Conditions applying to an agreement, contract
  • crisis: Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty
  • infrastructure: Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
  • impact: A striking effect or result to hit with force
  • current: Electricity flowing through wires
  • climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
  • legacy: Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
  • relationship: Connection between two or more people or things
  • blame: To say someone is responsible for something bad
  • industry: Hard work; being busy working
  • strict: Tending to enforce rules; severe
  • debt: Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid
  • rage: Strong or violent anger
  • sabotage: To destroy or damage, often secretly, to weaken
  • response: Something said/written as an answer to something
  • radical: Person who believes in extreme political change
  • seemingly: Appearing to be but may not actually be; probably
  • charge: To run quickly toward someone to attack them
  • decision: Choice made after thinking; final judgment
  • security: Department in a company in charge of protection
  • expand: To make something larger in size, number, amount
  • giant: Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
  • budget: Amount of money planned to be spent
  • survey: Broad view or general description of something
  • reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
  • rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
  • ground: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
  • economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
  • flee: To leave somewhere urgently, to avoid danger
  • project: To predict what will happen in the future
  • era: Period characterized by particular events, people
  • haven: Place where people can feel safe and happy
  • offer: Price you say you are willing to pay for something
  • immigrant: Person moving to another country to live there
  • enforcement: Process of making sure that rules are followed
  • support: To give assistance or advice to someone
  • public: Owned by the government
  • government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
  • migration: Process of moving to live in another place
  • unemployment: Number of people without jobs in a country
  • rail: To complain or object forcefully
  • pipeline: Line of pipes used for carrying gases or liquids
  • annex: An extension to a main building
  • memoir: Written collection of memories someone has
  • dependence: Relying on someone for (e.g. financial) support
  • defence: The process of protecting something from attack
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    • annex

      US /əˈnɛks, ˈænˌɛks/

      UK /əˈneks/

      • Countable Noun
      • An extension to a main building
      • Transitive Verb
      • To take land from others to own or control it
      B2
      More
    • as time goes by

      US /əz taɪm ɡoʊz baɪ/

      UK /əz taɪm gəuz baɪ/

      • other
      • Over the course of time; as time passes.
      B2
      More
    • being blamed

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To be in the process of receiving responsibility or fault for something negative.
      B1
      More
    • blame

      US /blem/

      UK /bleɪm/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To say someone is responsible for something bad
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act of saying someone did something bad
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • budget

      US /ˈbʌdʒɪt/

      UK /'bʌdʒɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Amount of money planned to be spent
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make a plan for how to spend your money
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • charge

      US /tʃɑrdʒ/

      UK /tʃɑ:dʒ/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To run quickly toward someone to attack them
      • To ask for money as a price for a service or goods
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An attack by running quickly toward someone
      • A price for a service or goods
      A2
      More
    • climate

      US /ˈklaɪmɪt/

      UK /ˈklaɪmət/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Typical weather conditions in a particular place
      • The general attitudes, feelings, or opinions that people have at a particular time.
      A2
      More
    • crisis

      US /ˈkraɪsɪs/

      UK /'kraɪsɪs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty
      • A turning point in a disease.
      B1
      More
    • current

      US /ˈkɚrənt, ˈkʌr-/

      UK /'kʌrənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Electricity flowing through wires
      • Movement of water in a river, or air in the sky
      • Adjective
      • Happening or being in the present time
      • In general use or accepted by most people.
      A2
      More
    • debt

      US /dɛt/

      UK /det/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid
      • A moral or social obligation.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • defence

      US /dɪˈfɛns/

      UK /dɪˈfens/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • The process of protecting something from attack
      B1
      More
    • dependence

      US /dɪˈpɛndəns/

      UK /dɪˈpendəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Relying on someone for (e.g. financial) support
      • The state of being addicted to a substance or activity.
      B1
      More
    • enforcement

      US /ɪn'fɔ:smənt/

      UK /ɪn'fɔ:smənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of making sure that rules are followed
      • The act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.
      B1
      More
    • era

      US /'ɪrə/

      UK /'ɪərə/

      • Noun
      • Period characterized by particular events, people
      • A major division of geological time, usually divided into periods.
      B1
      More
    • expand

      US /ɪkˈspænd/

      UK /ɪk'spænd/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To make something larger in size, number, amount
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • flee

      US /fli/

      UK /fli:/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To leave somewhere urgently, to avoid danger
      B1
      More
    • giant

      US /ˈdʒaɪənt/

      UK /'dʒaɪənt/

      • Countable Noun
      • Tall, large, and powerful human-like creatures
      • Very successful, powerful person or organization
      • Adjective
      • Very large, or much bigger than other things
      A2
      More
    • go back to

      US /ɡo bæk tu/

      UK /ɡəu bæk tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To return to a starting point
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • immigrant

      US /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/

      UK /ˈɪmɪgrənt/

      • Countable Noun
      • Person moving to another country to live there
      B1
      More
    • impact

      US /ˈɪmˌpækt/

      UK /'ɪmpækt/

      • Noun
      • A striking effect or result to hit with force
      • Act or force of one thing hitting something else
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To hit or strike someone or something with force
      • To have a strong effect on someone or something.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • in areas

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Located or occurring within specific regions or locations.
      • Relating to specific fields, subjects, or disciplines.
      A1
      More
    • in charge

      US /ɪn tʃɑrdʒ/

      UK /in tʃɑ:dʒ/

      • Adverb
      • To be responsible for
      A1
      More
    • in fact

      US /ɪn fækt/

      UK /in fækt/

      • Adverb
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
      • Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
      C1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in turn

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
      A1
      More
    • infrastructure

      US /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃɚ/

      UK /'ɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Basic necessary equipment for a country or region
      • The underlying framework or system of an organization.
      B1
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • legacy

      US /ˈlɛɡəsi/

      UK /'leɡəsɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Literature, arts etc. from previous generations
      • Something left or given by a person who has died
      • Adjective
      • Relating to old or outdated computer systems or software.
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • look back

      US /lʊk bæk/

      UK /luk bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To think about past events
      A1
      More
    • make ends meet

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To manage to live on the money you have.
      • Phrase
      • To earn just enough money to be able to pay for the things you need
      A1
      More
    • memoir

      US /ˈmɛmˌwɑr, -ˌwɔr/

      UK /ˈmemwɑ:(r)/

      • Noun
      • Written collection of memories someone has
      B2
      More
    • migration

      US /maɪˈɡreʃən/

      UK /maɪˈgreɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Process of moving to live in another place
      • Movement from one part of something to another.
      B1
      More
    • on the table

      US /ɑn ði ˈtebəl/

      UK /ɔn ðə ˈteibl/

      • Phrase
      • Located on the surface of a table.
      • Available for consideration or discussion.
      A1
      More
    • on time

      US /ɑn taɪm/

      UK /ɔn taim/

      • Phrase
      • Adjective
      • Arriving at or done by the required time
      • Meeting a deadline; punctual in fulfilling obligations.
      A1
      More
    • on to

      US /ɑn tu/

      UK /ɔn tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Toward something; forward
      • Aware of someone's activities.
      • Adjective
      • Aware of someone's deception or illegal activities.
      A1
      More
    • out of control

      US /aʊt ʌv kənˈtrol/

      UK /aut ɔv kənˈtrəul/

      • Adjective
      • Impossible to manage or control.
      • Not able to be directed or steered.
      A1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • pandemic

      US /pænˈdɛmɪk/

      UK /pæn'demɪk/

      • Adjective
      • (of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals, or plants
      • Noun
      • a pandemic disease
      C2
      More
    • phase out

      US /fez aʊt/

      UK /feiz aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To gradually end a task, or sell a product
      • Phrase
      A2
      More
    • pipeline

      US /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/

      UK /ˈpaɪplaɪn/

      • Noun
      • Line of pipes used for carrying gases or liquids
      • Transitive Verb
      • To send through a series of pipes
      B2
      More
    • prior to

      US /ˈpraɪɚ tu/

      UK /ˈpraiə tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Before a particular time or event.
      C1
      More
    • radical

      US /ˈrædɪkəl,'rædɪkḷ/

      UK /ˈrædɪkl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Person who believes in extreme political change
      • A group of atoms behaving as a unit in a chemical compound.
      • Adjective
      • Very new and different from what is traditional
      • Concerning something's most basic part or form
      B1
      More
    • rage

      US /reɪdʒ/

      UK /reɪdʒ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Strong or violent anger
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To act or speak with strong or violent anger
      • To move violently, like a storm
      B1
      More
    • rail

      US /rel/

      UK /reɪl/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To complain or object forcefully
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Long thin piece of metal, wood as part of a fence
      • One of two metal tracks along which a train runs
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • relationship

      US /rɪˈleʃənˌʃɪp/

      UK /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Connection between two or more people or things
      • Way people interact or live with each other
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • response

      US /rɪˈspɑns/

      UK /riˈspɔns/

      • Noun
      • Something said/written as an answer to something
      • Reaction to something that has occurred
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • sabotage

      US /ˈsæbəˌtɑʒ/

      UK /'sæbətɑ:ʒ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To destroy or damage, often secretly, to weaken
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Destroying or damaging so as to weaken enemy, etc.
      B2
      More
    • security

      US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/

      UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/

      • Noun
      • Department in a company in charge of protection
      • Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • seemingly

      US /ˈsiːmɪŋli/

      UK /ˈsi:mɪŋli/

      • Adverb
      • Appearing to be but may not actually be; probably
      B1
      More
    • shut down

      US /ʃʌt daʊn/

      UK /ʃʌt daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
      • To stop a factory/machine from operating
      • Transitive Verb
      • To deactivate a nuclear reactor.
      • To turn off a computer or other electronic device.
      A2
      More
    • strict

      US /strɪkt/

      UK /strɪkt/

      • Adjective
      • Tending to enforce rules; severe
      • (Of orders) that must be obeyed
      A2
      More
    • struggle

      US /ˈstrʌɡəl/

      UK /'strʌɡl/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try very hard to do something difficult
      • To fight or struggle violently
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Strong efforts made to do something difficult
      • A difficult or challenging situation or task
      A2
      More
    • survey

      US /ˈsɜː(r)veɪ/

      UK /'sɜ:veɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Broad view or general description of something
      • Act of measuring land or property to make a map
      • Transitive Verb
      • To offer a broad view or general description
      • To measure an area of land to make a map of it
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • talking about

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To discuss a particular topic.
      • To be constantly mentioning or bringing up a subject.
      A1
      More
    • thanks to

      US /θæŋks tu/

      UK /θæŋks tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; as a result of.
      A1
      More
    • turned out

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To arrive for a public event or entertainment
      • To happen to be in the end
      • Transitive Verb
      • To extinguish or switch off lights.
      A1
      More
    • unemployment

      US /ˌʌnɛmˈplɔɪmənt,-ɪm-/

      UK /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Number of people without jobs in a country
      • State of not having a job
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1US
    #germany#merkel#german#energy#migration#policy

    Why Germany's economic fortunes changed | DW News

    0
    VoiceTube posted on 2024/12/28
    Ever wondered how Germany's economy went from boom to bust and back again? This video dives deep into the "Merkelnomics" era, exploring how decisions about Russian gas, migration, and the "debt brake" shaped its fortunes. You'll pick up tons of advanced vocabulary related to economics and international relations, perfect for understanding complex global news!

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