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  • CHAPTER 18

  • Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

  • To his sentence there were added "court costs" of a dollar and a half--he was

  • supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was

  • obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

  • Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this--only after counting the days and

  • looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he

  • expected to be free he found himself still

  • set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

  • Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave

  • up all hope--and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a

  • keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

  • So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the

  • door of the prison clang behind him.

  • He stood upon the steps, bewildered; he could hardly believe that it was true,--

  • that the sky was above him again and the open street before him; that he was a free

  • man.

  • But then the cold began to strike through his clothes, and he started quickly away.

  • There had been a heavy snow, and now a thaw had set in; fine sleety rain was falling,

  • driven by a wind that pierced Jurgis to the bone.

  • He had not stopped for his-overcoat when he set out to "do up" Connor, and so his rides

  • in the patrol wagons had been cruel experiences; his clothing was old and worn

  • thin, and it never had been very warm.

  • Now as he trudged on the rain soon wet it through; there were six inches of watery

  • slush on the sidewalks, so that his feet would soon have been soaked, even had there

  • been no holes in his shoes.

  • Jurgis had had enough to eat in the jail, and the work had been the least trying of

  • any that he had done since he came to Chicago; but even so, he had not grown

  • strong--the fear and grief that had preyed upon his mind had worn him thin.

  • Now he shivered and shrunk from the rain, hiding his hands in his pockets and

  • hunching his shoulders together.

  • The Bridewell grounds were on the outskirts of the city and the country around them was

  • unsettled and wild--on one side was the big drainage canal, and on the other a maze of

  • railroad tracks, and so the wind had full sweep.

  • After walking a ways, Jurgis met a little ragamuffin whom he hailed: "Hey, sonny!"

  • The boy cocked one eye at him--he knew that Jurgis was a "jailbird" by his shaven head.

  • "Wot yer want?" he queried. "How do you go to the stockyards?"

  • Jurgis demanded.

  • "I don't go," replied the boy. Jurgis hesitated a moment, nonplussed.

  • Then he said, "I mean which is the way?"

  • "Why don't yer say so then?" was the response, and the boy pointed to the

  • northwest, across the tracks. "That way."

  • "How far is it?"

  • Jurgis asked. "I dunno," said the other.

  • "Mebbe twenty miles or so." "Twenty miles!"

  • Jurgis echoed, and his face fell.

  • He had to walk every foot of it, for they had turned him out of jail without a penny

  • in his pockets.

  • Yet, when he once got started, and his blood had warmed with walking, he forgot

  • everything in the fever of his thoughts.

  • All the dreadful imaginations that had haunted him in his cell now rushed into his

  • mind at once.

  • The agony was almost over--he was going to find out; and he clenched his hands in his

  • pockets as he strode, following his flying desire, almost at a run.

  • Ona--the baby--the family--the house--he would know the truth about them all!

  • And he was coming to the rescue--he was free again!

  • His hands were his own, and he could help them, he could do battle for them against

  • the world. For an hour or so he walked thus, and then

  • he began to look about him.

  • He seemed to be leaving the city altogether.

  • The street was turning into a country road, leading out to the westward; there were

  • snow-covered fields on either side of him.

  • Soon he met a farmer driving a two-horse wagon loaded with straw, and he stopped

  • him. "Is this the way to the stockyards?" he

  • asked.

  • The farmer scratched his head. "I dunno jest where they be," he said.

  • "But they're in the city somewhere, and you're going dead away from it now."

  • Jurgis looked dazed.

  • "I was told this was the way," he said. "Who told you?"

  • "A boy." "Well, mebbe he was playing a joke on ye.

  • The best thing ye kin do is to go back, and when ye git into town ask a policeman.

  • I'd take ye in, only I've come a long ways an' I'm loaded heavy.

  • Git up!"

  • So Jurgis turned and followed, and toward the end of the morning he began to see

  • Chicago again.

  • Past endless blocks of two-story shanties he walked, along wooden sidewalks and

  • unpaved pathways treacherous with deep slush holes.

  • Every few blocks there would be a railroad crossing on the level with the sidewalk, a

  • deathtrap for the unwary; long freight trains would be passing, the cars clanking

  • and crashing together, and Jurgis would

  • pace about waiting, burning up with a fever of impatience.

  • Occasionally the cars would stop for some minutes, and wagons and streetcars would

  • crowd together waiting, the drivers swearing at each other, or hiding beneath

  • umbrellas out of the rain; at such times

  • Jurgis would dodge under the gates and run across the tracks and between the cars,

  • taking his life into his hands. He crossed a long bridge over a river

  • frozen solid and covered with slush.

  • Not even on the river bank was the snow white--the rain which fell was a diluted

  • solution of smoke, and Jurgis' hands and face were streaked with black.

  • Then he came into the business part of the city, where the streets were sewers of inky

  • blackness, with horses sleeping and plunging, and women and children flying

  • across in panic-stricken droves.

  • These streets were huge canyons formed by towering black buildings, echoing with the

  • clang of car gongs and the shouts of drivers; the people who swarmed in them

  • were as busy as ants--all hurrying

  • breathlessly, never stopping to look at anything nor at each other.

  • The solitary trampish-looking foreigner, with water-soaked clothing and haggard face

  • and anxious eyes, was as much alone as he hurried past them, as much unheeded and as

  • lost, as if he had been a thousand miles deep in a wilderness.

  • A policeman gave him his direction and told him that he had five miles to go.

  • He came again to the slum districts, to avenues of saloons and cheap stores, with

  • long dingy red factory buildings, and coal- yards and railroad tracks; and then Jurgis

  • lifted up his head and began to sniff the

  • air like a startled animal--scenting the far-off odor of home.

  • It was late afternoon then, and he was hungry, but the dinner invitations hung out

  • of the saloons were not for him.

  • So he came at last to the stockyards, to the black volcanoes of smoke and the lowing

  • cattle and the stench.

  • Then, seeing a crowded car, his impatience got the better of him and he jumped aboard,

  • hiding behind another man, unnoticed by the conductor.

  • In ten minutes more he had reached his street, and home.

  • He was half running as he came round the corner.

  • There was the house, at any rate--and then suddenly he stopped and stared.

  • What was the matter with the house?

  • Jurgis looked twice, bewildered; then he glanced at the house next door and at the

  • one beyond--then at the saloon on the corner.

  • Yes, it was the right place, quite certainly--he had not made any mistake.

  • But the house--the house was a different color!

  • He came a couple of steps nearer.

  • Yes; it had been gray and now it was yellow!

  • The trimmings around the windows had been red, and now they were green!

  • It was all newly painted!

  • How strange it made it seem! Jurgis went closer yet, but keeping on the

  • other side of the street. A sudden and horrible spasm of fear had

  • come over him.

  • His knees were shaking beneath him, and his mind was in a whirl.

  • New paint on the house, and new weatherboards, where the old had begun to

  • rot off, and the agent had got after them!

  • New shingles over the hole in the roof, too, the hole that had for six months been

  • the bane of his soul--he having no money to have it fixed and no time to fix it

  • himself, and the rain leaking in, and

  • overflowing the pots and pans he put to catch it, and flooding the attic and

  • loosening the plaster. And now it was fixed!

  • And the broken windowpane replaced!

  • And curtains in the windows! New, white curtains, stiff and shiny!

  • Then suddenly the front door opened. Jurgis stood, his chest heaving as he

  • struggled to catch his breath.

  • A boy had come out, a stranger to him; a big, fat, rosy-cheeked youngster, such as

  • had never been seen in his home before. Jurgis stared at the boy, fascinated.

  • He came down the steps whistling, kicking off the snow.

  • He stopped at the foot, and picked up some, and then leaned against the railing, making

  • a snowball.

  • A moment later he looked around and saw Jurgis, and their eyes met; it was a

  • hostile glance, the boy evidently thinking that the other had suspicions of the

  • snowball.

  • When Jurgis started slowly across the street toward him, he gave a quick glance

  • about, meditating retreat, but then he concluded to stand his ground.

  • Jurgis took hold of the railing of the steps, for he was a little unsteady.

  • "What--what are you doing here?" he managed to gasp.

  • "Go on!" said the boy.

  • "You--" Jurgis tried again. "What do you want here?"

  • "Me?" answered the boy, angrily. "I live here."

  • "You live here!"

  • Jurgis panted. He turned white and clung more tightly to

  • the railing. "You live here!

  • Then where's my family?"

  • The boy looked surprised. "Your family!" he echoed.

  • And Jurgis started toward him. "I--this is my house!" he cried.

  • "Come off!" said the boy; then suddenly the door upstairs opened, and he called: "Hey,

  • ma! Here's a fellow says he owns this house."

  • A stout Irishwoman came to the top of the steps.

  • "What's that?" she demanded. Jurgis turned toward her.

  • "Where is my family?" he cried, wildly.

  • "I left them here! This is my home!

  • What are you doing in my home?"

  • The woman stared at him in frightened wonder, she must have thought she was

  • dealing with a maniac--Jurgis looked like one.

  • "Your home!" she echoed.

  • "My home!" he half shrieked. "I lived here, I tell you."

  • "You must be mistaken," she answered him. "No one ever lived here.

  • This is a new house.

  • They told us so. They--"

  • "What have they done with my family?" shouted Jurgis, frantically.

  • A light had begun to break upon the woman; perhaps she had had doubts of what "they"

  • had told her. "I don't know where your family is," she

  • said.

  • "I bought the house only three days ago, and there was nobody here, and they told me

  • it was all new. Do you really mean you had ever rented it?"

  • "Rented it!" panted Jurgis.

  • "I bought it! I paid for it!

  • I own it! And they--my God, can't you tell me where

  • my people went?"

  • She made him understand at last that she knew nothing.

  • Jurgis' brain was so confused that he could not grasp the situation.

  • It was as if his family had been wiped out of existence; as if they were proving to be

  • dream people, who never had existed at all.

  • He was quite lost--but then suddenly he thought of Grandmother Majauszkiene, who

  • lived in the next block. She would know!

  • He turned and started at a run.

  • Grandmother Majauszkiene came to the door herself.

  • She cried out when she saw Jurgis, wild- eyed and shaking.

  • Yes, yes, she could tell him.

  • The family had moved; they had not been able to pay the rent and they had been

  • turned out into the snow, and the house had been repainted and sold again the next

  • week.

  • No, she had not heard how they were, but she could tell him that they had gone back

  • to Aniele Jukniene, with whom they had stayed when they first came to the yards.

  • Wouldn't Jurgis come in and rest?

  • It was certainly too bad--if only he had not got into jail--

  • And so Jurgis turned and staggered away.

  • He did not go very far round the corner he gave out completely, and sat down on the

  • steps of a saloon, and hid his face in his hands, and shook all over with dry, racking

  • sobs.

  • Their home! Their home!

  • They had lost it!

  • Grief, despair, rage, overwhelmed him--what was any imagination of the thing to this

  • heartbreaking, crushing reality of it--to the sight of strange people living in his

  • house, hanging their curtains to his windows, staring at him with hostile eyes!

  • It was monstrous, it was unthinkable--they could not do it--it could not be true!

  • Only think what he had suffered for that house--what miseries they had all suffered

  • for it--the price they had paid for it! The whole long agony came back to him.

  • Their sacrifices in the beginning, their three hundred dollars that they had scraped

  • together, all they owned in the world, all that stood between them and starvation!

  • And then their toil, month by month, to get together the twelve dollars, and the

  • interest as well, and now and then the taxes, and the other charges, and the

  • repairs, and what not!

  • Why, they had put their very souls into their payments on that house, they had paid

  • for it with their sweat and tears--yes, more, with their very lifeblood.

  • Dede Antanas had died of the struggle to earn that money--he would have been alive

  • and strong today if he had not had to work in Durham's dark cellars to earn his share.

  • And Ona, too, had given her health and strength to pay for it--she was wrecked and

  • ruined because of it; and so was he, who had been a big, strong man three years ago,

  • and now sat here shivering, broken, cowed, weeping like a hysterical child.

  • Ah! they had cast their all into the fight; and they had lost, they had lost!

  • All that they had paid was gone--every cent of it.

  • And their house was gone--they were back where they had started from, flung out into

  • the cold to starve and freeze!

  • Jurgis could see all the truth now--could see himself, through the whole long course

  • of events, the victim of ravenous vultures that had torn into his vitals and devoured

  • him; of fiends that had racked and tortured

  • him, mocking him, meantime, jeering in his face.

  • Ah, God, the horror of it, the monstrous, hideous, demoniacal wickedness of it!

  • He and his family, helpless women and children, struggling to live, ignorant and

  • defenseless and forlorn as they were--and the enemies that had been lurking for them,

  • crouching upon their trail and thirsting for their blood!

  • That first lying circular, that smooth- tongued slippery agent!

  • That trap of the extra payments, the interest, and all the other charges that

  • they had not the means to pay, and would never have attempted to pay!

  • And then all the tricks of the packers, their masters, the tyrants who ruled them--

  • the shutdowns and the scarcity of work, the irregular hours and the cruel speeding-up,

  • the lowering of wages, the raising of prices!

  • The mercilessness of nature about them, of heat and cold, rain and snow; the

  • mercilessness of the city, of the country in which they lived, of its laws and

  • customs that they did not understand!

  • All of these things had worked together for the company that had marked them for its

  • prey and was waiting for its chance.

  • And now, with this last hideous injustice, its time had come, and it had turned them

  • out bag and baggage, and taken their house and sold it again!

  • And they could do nothing, they were tied hand and foot--the law was against them,

  • the whole machinery of society was at their oppressors' command!

  • If Jurgis so much as raised a hand against them, back he would go into that wild-beast

  • pen from which he had just escaped!

  • To get up and go away was to give up, to acknowledge defeat, to leave the strange

  • family in possession; and Jurgis might have sat shivering in the rain for hours before

  • he could do that, had it not been for the thought of his family.

  • It might be that he had worse things yet to learn--and so he got to his feet and

  • started away, walking on, wearily, half- dazed.

  • To Aniele's house, in back of the yards, was a good two miles; the distance had

  • never seemed longer to Jurgis, and when he saw the familiar dingy-gray shanty his

  • heart was beating fast.

  • He ran up the steps and began to hammer upon the door.

  • The old woman herself came to open it.

  • She had shrunk all up with her rheumatism since Jurgis had seen her last, and her

  • yellow parchment face stared up at him from a little above the level of the doorknob.

  • She gave a start when she saw him.

  • "Is Ona here?" he cried, breathlessly. "Yes," was the answer, "she's here."

  • "How--" Jurgis began, and then stopped short, clutching convulsively at the side

  • of the door.

  • From somewhere within the house had come a sudden cry, a wild, horrible scream of

  • anguish. And the voice was Ona's.

  • For a moment Jurgis stood half-paralyzed with fright; then he bounded past the old

  • woman and into the room.

  • It was Aniele's kitchen, and huddled round the stove were half a dozen women, pale and

  • frightened.

  • One of them started to her feet as Jurgis entered; she was haggard and frightfully

  • thin, with one arm tied up in bandages--he hardly realized that it was Marija.

  • He looked first for Ona; then, not seeing her, he stared at the women, expecting them

  • to speak.

  • But they sat dumb, gazing back at him, panic-stricken; and a second later came

  • another piercing scream. It was from the rear of the house, and

  • upstairs.

  • Jurgis bounded to a door of the room and flung it open; there was a ladder leading

  • through a trap door to the garret, and he was at the foot of it when suddenly he

  • heard a voice behind him, and saw Marija at his heels.

  • She seized him by the sleeve with her good hand, panting wildly, "No, no, Jurgis!

  • Stop!"

  • "What do you mean?" he gasped. "You mustn't go up," she cried.

  • Jurgis was half-crazed with bewilderment and fright.

  • "What's the matter?" he shouted.

  • "What is it?" Marija clung to him tightly; he could hear

  • Ona sobbing and moaning above, and he fought to get away and climb up, without

  • waiting for her reply.

  • "No, no," she rushed on. "Jurgis!

  • You mustn't go up! It's--it's the child!"

  • "The child?" he echoed in perplexity.

  • "Antanas?" Marija answered him, in a whisper: "The new

  • one!" And then Jurgis went limp, and caught

  • himself on the ladder.

  • He stared at her as if she were a ghost. "The new one!" he gasped.

  • "But it isn't time," he added, wildly. Marija nodded.

  • "I know," she said; "but it's come."

  • And then again came Ona's scream, smiting him like a blow in the face, making him

  • wince and turn white.

  • Her voice died away into a wail--then he heard her sobbing again, "My God--let me

  • die, let me die!" And Marija hung her arms about him, crying:

  • "Come out!

  • Come away!" She dragged him back into the kitchen, half

  • carrying him, for he had gone all to pieces.

  • It was as if the pillars of his soul had fallen in--he was blasted with horror.

  • In the room he sank into a chair, trembling like a leaf, Marija still holding him, and

  • the women staring at him in dumb, helpless fright.

  • And then again Ona cried out; he could hear it nearly as plainly here, and he staggered

  • to his feet. "How long has this been going on?" he

  • panted.

  • "Not very long," Marija answered, and then, at a signal from Aniele, she rushed on:

  • "You go away, Jurgis you can't help--go away and come back later.

  • It's all right--it's--"

  • "Who's with her?" Jurgis demanded; and then, seeing Marija

  • hesitating, he cried again, "Who's with her?"

  • "She's--she's all right," she answered.

  • "Elzbieta's with her." "But the doctor!" he panted.

  • "Some one who knows!"

  • He seized Marija by the arm; she trembled, and her voice sank beneath a whisper as she

  • replied, "We--we have no money." Then, frightened at the look on his face,

  • she exclaimed: "It's all right, Jurgis!

  • You don't understand--go away--go away! Ah, if you only had waited!"

  • Above her protests Jurgis heard Ona again; he was almost out of his mind.

  • It was all new to him, raw and horrible--it had fallen upon him like a lightning

  • stroke.

  • When little Antanas was born he had been at work, and had known nothing about it until

  • it was over; and now he was not to be controlled.

  • The frightened women were at their wits' end; one after another they tried to reason

  • with him, to make him understand that this was the lot of woman.

  • In the end they half drove him out into the rain, where he began to pace up and down,

  • bareheaded and frantic.

  • Because he could hear Ona from the street, he would first go away to escape the

  • sounds, and then come back because he could not help it.

  • At the end of a quarter of an hour he rushed up the steps again, and for fear

  • that he would break in the door they had to open it and let him in.

  • There was no arguing with him.

  • They could not tell him that all was going well--how could they know, he cried--why,

  • she was dying, she was being torn to pieces!

  • Listen to her--listen!

  • Why, it was monstrous--it could not be allowed--there must be some help for it!

  • Had they tried to get a doctor? They might pay him afterward--they could

  • promise--

  • "We couldn't promise, Jurgis," protested Marija.

  • "We had no money--we have scarcely been able to keep alive."

  • "But I can work," Jurgis exclaimed.

  • "I can earn money!" "Yes," she answered--"but we thought you

  • were in jail. How could we know when you would return?

  • They will not work for nothing."

  • Marija went on to tell how she had tried to find a midwife, and how they had demanded

  • ten, fifteen, even twenty-five dollars, and that in cash.

  • "And I had only a quarter," she said.

  • "I have spent every cent of my money--all that I had in the bank; and I owe the

  • doctor who has been coming to see me, and he has stopped because he thinks I don't

  • mean to pay him.

  • And we owe Aniele for two weeks' rent, and she is nearly starving, and is afraid of

  • being turned out.

  • We have been borrowing and begging to keep alive, and there is nothing more we can do-

  • -" "And the children?" cried Jurgis.

  • "The children have not been home for three days, the weather has been so bad.

  • They could not know what is happening--it came suddenly, two months before we

  • expected it."

  • Jurgis was standing by the table, and he caught himself with his hand; his head sank

  • and his arms shook--it looked as if he were going to collapse.

  • Then suddenly Aniele got up and came hobbling toward him, fumbling in her skirt

  • pocket. She drew out a dirty rag, in one corner of

  • which she had something tied.

  • "Here, Jurgis!" she said, "I have some money. Palauk! See!"

  • She unwrapped it and counted it out-- thirty-four cents.

  • "You go, now," she said, "and try and get somebody yourself.

  • And maybe the rest can help--give him some money, you; he will pay you back some day,

  • and it will do him good to have something to think about, even if he doesn't succeed.

  • When he comes back, maybe it will be over."

  • And so the other women turned out the contents of their pocketbooks; most of them

  • had only pennies and nickels, but they gave him all.

  • Mrs. Olszewski, who lived next door, and had a husband who was a skilled cattle

  • butcher, but a drinking man, gave nearly half a dollar, enough to raise the whole

  • sum to a dollar and a quarter.

  • Then Jurgis thrust it into his pocket, still holding it tightly in his fist, and

  • started away at a run.

  • >

  • CHAPTER 19

  • "Madame Haupt Hebamme", ran a sign, swinging from a second-story window over a

  • saloon on the avenue; at a side door was another sign, with a hand pointing up a

  • dingy flight of stairs.

  • Jurgis went up them, three at a time. Madame Haupt was frying pork and onions,

  • and had her door half open to let out the smoke.

  • When he tried to knock upon it, it swung open the rest of the way, and he had a

  • glimpse of her, with a black bottle turned up to her lips.

  • Then he knocked louder, and she started and put it away.

  • She was a Dutchwoman, enormously fat--when she walked she rolled like a small boat on

  • the ocean, and the dishes in the cupboard jostled each other.

  • She wore a filthy blue wrapper, and her teeth were black.

  • "Vot is it?" she said, when she saw Jurgis. He had run like mad all the way and was so

  • out of breath he could hardly speak.

  • His hair was flying and his eyes wild--he looked like a man that had risen from the

  • tomb. "My wife!" he panted.

  • "Come quickly!"

  • Madame Haupt set the frying pan to one side and wiped her hands on her wrapper.

  • "You vant me to come for a case?" she inquired.

  • "Yes," gasped Jurgis.

  • "I haf yust come back from a case," she said.

  • "I haf had no time to eat my dinner. Still--if it is so bad--"

  • "Yes--it is!" cried he.

  • "Vell, den, perhaps--vot you pay?" "I--I--how much do you want?"

  • Jurgis stammered. "Tventy-five dollars."

  • His face fell.

  • "I can't pay that," he said. The woman was watching him narrowly.

  • "How much do you pay?" she demanded. "Must I pay now--right away?"

  • "Yes; all my customers do."

  • "I--I haven't much money," Jurgis began in an agony of dread.

  • "I've been in--in trouble--and my money is gone.

  • But I'll pay you--every cent--just as soon as I can; I can work--"

  • "Vot is your work?" "I have no place now.

  • I must get one.

  • But I--" "How much haf you got now?"

  • He could hardly bring himself to reply. When he said "A dollar and a quarter," the

  • woman laughed in his face.

  • "I vould not put on my hat for a dollar and a quarter," she said.

  • "It's all I've got," he pleaded, his voice breaking.

  • "I must get some one--my wife will die.

  • I can't help it--I--" Madame Haupt had put back her pork and

  • onions on the stove.

  • She turned to him and answered, out of the steam and noise: "Git me ten dollars cash,

  • und so you can pay me the rest next mont'." "I can't do it--I haven't got it!"

  • Jurgis protested.

  • "I tell you I have only a dollar and a quarter."

  • The woman turned to her work. "I don't believe you," she said.

  • "Dot is all to try to sheat me.

  • Vot is de reason a big man like you has got only a dollar und a quarter?"

  • "I've just been in jail," Jurgis cried--he was ready to get down upon his knees to the

  • woman--"and I had no money before, and my family has almost starved."

  • "Vere is your friends, dot ought to help you?"

  • "They are all poor," he answered. "They gave me this.

  • I have done everything I can--"

  • "Haven't you got notting you can sell?" "I have nothing, I tell you--I have

  • nothing," he cried, frantically. "Can't you borrow it, den?

  • Don't your store people trust you?"

  • Then, as he shook his head, she went on: "Listen to me--if you git me you vill be

  • glad of it.

  • I vill save your wife und baby for you, and it vill not seem like mooch to you in de

  • end. If you loose dem now how you tink you feel

  • den?

  • Und here is a lady dot knows her business-- I could send you to people in dis block,

  • und dey vould tell you--"

  • Madame Haupt was pointing her cooking-fork at Jurgis persuasively; but her words were

  • more than he could bear. He flung up his hands with a gesture of

  • despair and turned and started away.

  • "It's no use," he exclaimed--but suddenly he heard the woman's voice behind him

  • again-- "I vill make it five dollars for you."

  • She followed behind him, arguing with him.

  • "You vill be foolish not to take such an offer," she said.

  • "You von't find nobody go out on a rainy day like dis for less.

  • Vy, I haf never took a case in my life so sheap as dot.

  • I couldn't pay mine room rent--" Jurgis interrupted her with an oath of

  • rage.

  • "If I haven't got it," he shouted, "how can I pay it?

  • Damn it, I would pay you if I could, but I tell you I haven't got it.

  • I haven't got it!

  • Do you hear me I haven't got it!" He turned and started away again.

  • He was halfway down the stairs before Madame Haupt could shout to him: "Vait!

  • I vill go mit you!

  • Come back!" He went back into the room again.

  • "It is not goot to tink of anybody suffering," she said, in a melancholy

  • voice.

  • "I might as vell go mit you for noffing as vot you offer me, but I vill try to help

  • you. How far is it?"

  • "Three or four blocks from here."

  • "Tree or four! Und so I shall get soaked!

  • Gott in Himmel, it ought to be vorth more!

  • Vun dollar und a quarter, und a day like dis!--But you understand now--you vill pay

  • me de rest of twenty-five dollars soon?" "As soon as I can."

  • "Some time dis mont'?"

  • "Yes, within a month," said poor Jurgis. "Anything!

  • Hurry up!" "Vere is de dollar und a quarter?"

  • persisted Madame Haupt, relentlessly.

  • Jurgis put the money on the table and the woman counted it and stowed it away.

  • Then she wiped her greasy hands again and proceeded to get ready, complaining all the

  • time; she was so fat that it was painful for her to move, and she grunted and gasped

  • at every step.

  • She took off her wrapper without even taking the trouble to turn her back to

  • Jurgis, and put on her corsets and dress.

  • Then there was a black bonnet which had to be adjusted carefully, and an umbrella

  • which was mislaid, and a bag full of necessaries which had to be collected from

  • here and there--the man being nearly crazy with anxiety in the meantime.

  • When they were on the street he kept about four paces ahead of her, turning now and

  • then, as if he could hurry her on by the force of his desire.

  • But Madame Haupt could only go so far at a step, and it took all her attention to get

  • the needed breath for that. They came at last to the house, and to the

  • group of frightened women in the kitchen.

  • It was not over yet, Jurgis learned--he heard Ona crying still; and meantime Madame

  • Haupt removed her bonnet and laid it on the mantelpiece, and got out of her bag, first

  • an old dress and then a saucer of goose

  • grease, which she proceeded to rub upon her hands.

  • The more cases this goose grease is used in, the better luck it brings to the

  • midwife, and so she keeps it upon her kitchen mantelpiece or stowed away in a

  • cupboard with her dirty clothes, for months, and sometimes even for years.

  • Then they escorted her to the ladder, and Jurgis heard her give an exclamation of

  • dismay.

  • "Gott in Himmel, vot for haf you brought me to a place like dis?

  • I could not climb up dot ladder. I could not git troo a trap door!

  • I vill not try it--vy, I might kill myself already.

  • Vot sort of a place is dot for a woman to bear a child in--up in a garret, mit only a

  • ladder to it?

  • You ought to be ashamed of yourselves!" Jurgis stood in the doorway and listened to

  • her scolding, half drowning out the horrible moans and screams of Ona.

  • At last Aniele succeeded in pacifying her, and she essayed the ascent; then, however,

  • she had to be stopped while the old woman cautioned her about the floor of the

  • garret.

  • They had no real floor--they had laid old boards in one part to make a place for the

  • family to live; it was all right and safe there, but the other part of the garret had

  • only the joists of the floor, and the lath

  • and plaster of the ceiling below, and if one stepped on this there would be a

  • catastrophe.

  • As it was half dark up above, perhaps one of the others had best go up first with a

  • candle.

  • Then there were more outcries and threatening, until at last Jurgis had a

  • vision of a pair of elephantine legs disappearing through the trap door, and

  • felt the house shake as Madame Haupt started to walk.

  • Then suddenly Aniele came to him and took him by the arm.

  • "Now," she said, "you go away.

  • Do as I tell you--you have done all you can, and you are only in the way.

  • Go away and stay away." "But where shall I go?"

  • Jurgis asked, helplessly.

  • "I don't know where," she answered. "Go on the street, if there is no other

  • place--only go! And stay all night!"

  • In the end she and Marija pushed him out of the door and shut it behind him.

  • It was just about sundown, and it was turning cold--the rain had changed to snow,

  • and the slush was freezing.

  • Jurgis shivered in his thin clothing, and put his hands into his pockets and started

  • away.

  • He had not eaten since morning, and he felt weak and ill; with a sudden throb of hope

  • he recollected he was only a few blocks from the saloon where he had been wont to

  • eat his dinner.

  • They might have mercy on him there, or he might meet a friend.

  • He set out for the place as fast as he could walk.

  • "Hello, Jack," said the saloon-keeper, when he entered--they call all foreigners and

  • unskilled men "Jack" in Packingtown. "Where've you been?"

  • Jurgis went straight to the bar.

  • "I've been in jail," he said, "and I've just got out.

  • I walked home all the way, and I've not a cent, and had nothing to eat since this

  • morning.

  • And I've lost my home, and my wife's ill, and I'm done up."

  • The saloon-keeper gazed at him, with his haggard white face and his blue trembling

  • lips.

  • Then he pushed a big bottle toward him. "Fill her up!" he said.

  • Jurgis could hardly hold the bottle, his hands shook so.

  • "Don't be afraid," said the saloon-keeper, "fill her up!"

  • So Jurgis drank a large glass of whisky, and then turned to the lunch counter, in

  • obedience to the other's suggestion.

  • He ate all he dared, stuffing it in as fast as he could; and then, after trying to

  • speak his gratitude, he went and sat down by the big red stove in the middle of the

  • room.

  • It was too good to last, however--like all things in this hard world.

  • His soaked clothing began to steam, and the horrible stench of fertilizer to fill the

  • room.

  • In an hour or so the packing houses would be closing and the men coming in from their

  • work; and they would not come into a place that smelt of Jurgis.

  • Also it was Saturday night, and in a couple of hours would come a violin and a cornet,

  • and in the rear part of the saloon the families of the neighborhood would dance

  • and feast upon wienerwurst and lager, until two or three o'clock in the morning.

  • The saloon-keeper coughed once or twice, and then remarked, "Say, Jack, I'm afraid

  • you'll have to quit."

  • He was used to the sight of human wrecks, this saloon-keeper; he "fired" dozens of

  • them every night, just as haggard and cold and forlorn as this one.

  • But they were all men who had given up and been counted out, while Jurgis was still in

  • the fight, and had reminders of decency about him.

  • As he got up meekly, the other reflected that he had always been a steady man, and

  • might soon be a good customer again. "You've been up against it, I see," he

  • said.

  • "Come this way." In the rear of the saloon were the cellar

  • stairs.

  • There was a door above and another below, both safely padlocked, making the stairs an

  • admirable place to stow away a customer who might still chance to have money, or a

  • political light whom it was not advisable to kick out of doors.

  • So Jurgis spent the night.

  • The whisky had only half warmed him, and he could not sleep, exhausted as he was; he

  • would nod forward, and then start up, shivering with the cold, and begin to

  • remember again.

  • Hour after hour passed, until he could only persuade himself that it was not morning by

  • the sounds of music and laughter and singing that were to be heard from the

  • room.

  • When at last these ceased, he expected that he would be turned out into the street; as

  • this did not happen, he fell to wondering whether the man had forgotten him.

  • In the end, when the silence and suspense were no longer to be borne, he got up and

  • hammered on the door; and the proprietor came, yawning and rubbing his eyes.

  • He was keeping open all night, and dozing between customers.

  • "I want to go home," Jurgis said. "I'm worried about my wife--I can't wait

  • any longer."

  • "Why the hell didn't you say so before?" said the man.

  • "I thought you didn't have any home to go to."

  • Jurgis went outside.

  • It was four o'clock in the morning, and as black as night.

  • There were three or four inches of fresh snow on the ground, and the flakes were

  • falling thick and fast.

  • He turned toward Aniele's and started at a run.

  • There was a light burning in the kitchen window and the blinds were drawn.

  • The door was unlocked and Jurgis rushed in.

  • Aniele, Marija, and the rest of the women were huddled about the stove, exactly as

  • before; with them were several newcomers, Jurgis noticed--also he noticed that the

  • house was silent.

  • "Well?" he said. No one answered him, they sat staring at

  • him with their pale faces. He cried again: "Well?"

  • And then, by the light of the smoky lamp, he saw Marija who sat nearest him, shaking

  • her head slowly. "Not yet," she said.

  • And Jurgis gave a cry of dismay.

  • "Not yet?" Again Marija's head shook.

  • The poor fellow stood dumfounded. "I don't hear her," he gasped.

  • "She's been quiet a long time," replied the other.

  • There was another pause--broken suddenly by a voice from the attic: "Hello, there!"

  • Several of the women ran into the next room, while Marija sprang toward Jurgis.

  • "Wait here!" she cried, and the two stood, pale and trembling, listening.

  • In a few moments it became clear that Madame Haupt was engaged in descending the

  • ladder, scolding and exhorting again, while the ladder creaked in protest.

  • In a moment or two she reached the ground, angry and breathless, and they heard her

  • coming into the room. Jurgis gave one glance at her, and then

  • turned white and reeled.

  • She had her jacket off, like one of the workers on the killing beds.

  • Her hands and arms were smeared with blood, and blood was splashed upon her clothing

  • and her face.

  • She stood breathing hard, and gazing about her; no one made a sound.

  • "I haf done my best," she began suddenly. "I can do noffing more--dere is no use to

  • try."

  • Again there was silence. "It ain't my fault," she said.

  • "You had ought to haf had a doctor, und not vaited so long--it vas too late already ven

  • I come."

  • Once more there was deathlike stillness. Marija was clutching Jurgis with all the

  • power of her one well arm. Then suddenly Madame Haupt turned to

  • Aniele.

  • "You haf not got something to drink, hey?" she queried.

  • "Some brandy?" Aniele shook her head.

  • "Herr Gott!" exclaimed Madame Haupt.

  • "Such people! Perhaps you vill give me someting to eat

  • den--I haf had noffing since yesterday morning, und I haf vorked myself near to

  • death here.

  • If I could haf known it vas like dis, I vould never haf come for such money as you

  • gif me."

  • At this moment she chanced to look round, and saw Jurgis: She shook her finger at

  • him. "You understand me," she said, "you pays me

  • dot money yust de same!

  • It is not my fault dat you send for me so late I can't help your vife.

  • It is not my fault if der baby comes mit one arm first, so dot I can't save it.

  • I haf tried all night, und in dot place vere it is not fit for dogs to be born, und

  • mit notting to eat only vot I brings in mine own pockets."

  • Here Madame Haupt paused for a moment to get her breath; and Marija, seeing the

  • beads of sweat on Jurgis's forehead, and feeling the quivering of his frame, broke

  • out in a low voice: "How is Ona?"

  • "How is she?" echoed Madame Haupt. "How do you tink she can be ven you leave

  • her to kill herself so? I told dem dot ven they send for de priest.

  • She is young, und she might haf got over it, und been vell und strong, if she had

  • been treated right. She fight hard, dot girl--she is not yet

  • quite dead."

  • And Jurgis gave a frantic scream. "Dead!"

  • "She vill die, of course," said the other angrily.

  • "Der baby is dead now."

  • The garret was lighted by a candle stuck upon a board; it had almost burned itself

  • out, and was sputtering and smoking as Jurgis rushed up the ladder.

  • He could make out dimly in one corner a pallet of rags and old blankets, spread

  • upon the floor; at the foot of it was a crucifix, and near it a priest muttering a

  • prayer.

  • In a far corner crouched Elzbieta, moaning and wailing.

  • Upon the pallet lay Ona.

  • She was covered with a blanket, but he could see her shoulders and one arm lying

  • bare; she was so shrunken he would scarcely have known her--she was all but a skeleton,

  • and as white as a piece of chalk.

  • Her eyelids were closed, and she lay still as death.

  • He staggered toward her and fell upon his knees with a cry of anguish: "Ona! Ona!"

  • She did not stir.

  • He caught her hand in his, and began to clasp it frantically, calling: "Look at me!

  • Answer me! It is Jurgis come back--don't you hear me?"

  • There was the faintest quivering of the eyelids, and he called again in frenzy:

  • "Ona! Ona!" Then suddenly her eyes opened one instant.

  • One instant she looked at him--there was a flash of recognition between them, he saw

  • her afar off, as through a dim vista, standing forlorn.

  • He stretched out his arms to her, he called her in wild despair; a fearful yearning

  • surged up in him, hunger for her that was agony, desire that was a new being born

  • within him, tearing his heartstrings, torturing him.

  • But it was all in vain--she faded from him, she slipped back and was gone.

  • And a wail of anguish burst from him, great sobs shook all his frame, and hot tears ran

  • down his cheeks and fell upon her.

  • He clutched her hands, he shook her, he caught her in his arms and pressed her to

  • him but she lay cold and still--she was gone--she was gone!

  • The word rang through him like the sound of a bell, echoing in the far depths of him,

  • making forgotten chords to vibrate, old shadowy fears to stir--fears of the dark,

  • fears of the void, fears of annihilation.

  • She was dead! She was dead!

  • He would never see her again, never hear her again!

  • An icy horror of loneliness seized him; he saw himself standing apart and watching all

  • the world fade away from him--a world of shadows, of fickle dreams.

  • He was like a little child, in his fright and grief; he called and called, and got no

  • answer, and his cries of despair echoed through the house, making the women

  • downstairs draw nearer to each other in fear.

  • He was inconsolable, beside himself--the priest came and laid his hand upon his

  • shoulder and whispered to him, but he heard not a sound.

  • He was gone away himself, stumbling through the shadows, and groping after the soul

  • that had fled. So he lay.

  • The gray dawn came up and crept into the attic.

  • The priest left, the women left, and he was alone with the still, white figure--quieter

  • now, but moaning and shuddering, wrestling with the grisly fiend.

  • Now and then he would raise himself and stare at the white mask before him, then

  • hide his eyes because he could not bear it. Dead! dead!

  • And she was only a girl, she was barely eighteen!

  • Her life had hardly begun--and here she lay murdered--mangled, tortured to death!

  • It was morning when he rose up and came down into the kitchen--haggard and ashen

  • gray, reeling and dazed.

  • More of the neighbors had come in, and they stared at him in silence as he sank down

  • upon a chair by the table and buried his face in his arms.

  • A few minutes later the front door opened; a blast of cold and snow rushed in, and

  • behind it little Kotrina, breathless from running, and blue with the cold.

  • "I'm home again!" she exclaimed.

  • "I could hardly--" And then, seeing Jurgis, she stopped with

  • an exclamation.

  • Looking from one to another she saw that something had happened, and she asked, in a

  • lower voice: "What's the matter?" Before anyone could reply, Jurgis started

  • up; he went toward her, walking unsteadily.

  • "Where have you been?" he demanded. "Selling papers with the boys," she said.

  • "The snow--" "Have you any money?" he demanded.

  • "Yes."

  • "How much?" "Nearly three dollars, Jurgis."

  • "Give it to me." Kotrina, frightened by his manner, glanced

  • at the others.

  • "Give it to me!" he commanded again, and she put her hand into her pocket and pulled

  • out a lump of coins tied in a bit of rag. Jurgis took it without a word, and went out

  • of the door and down the street.

  • Three doors away was a saloon. "Whisky," he said, as he entered, and as

  • the man pushed him some, he tore at the rag with his teeth and pulled out half a

  • dollar.

  • "How much is the bottle?" he said. "I want to get drunk."

  • >

  • CHAPTER 20

  • But a big man cannot stay drunk very long on three dollars.

  • That was Sunday morning, and Monday night Jurgis came home, sober and sick, realizing

  • that he had spent every cent the family owned, and had not bought a single

  • instant's forgetfulness with it.

  • Ona was not yet buried; but the police had been notified, and on the morrow they would

  • put the body in a pine coffin and take it to the potter's field.

  • Elzbieta was out begging now, a few pennies from each of the neighbors, to get enough

  • to pay for a mass for her; and the children were upstairs starving to death, while he,

  • good-for-nothing rascal, had been spending their money on drink.

  • So spoke Aniele, scornfully, and when he started toward the fire she added the

  • information that her kitchen was no longer for him to fill with his phosphate stinks.

  • She had crowded all her boarders into one room on Ona's account, but now he could go

  • up in the garret where he belonged--and not there much longer, either, if he did not

  • pay her some rent.

  • Jurgis went without a word, and, stepping over half a dozen sleeping boarders in the

  • next room, ascended the ladder.

  • It was dark up above; they could not afford any light; also it was nearly as cold as

  • outdoors.

  • In a corner, as far away from the corpse as possible, sat Marija, holding little

  • Antanas in her one good arm and trying to soothe him to sleep.

  • In another corner crouched poor little Juozapas, wailing because he had had

  • nothing to eat all day.

  • Marija said not a word to Jurgis; he crept in like a whipped cur, and went and sat

  • down by the body.

  • Perhaps he ought to have meditated upon the hunger of the children, and upon his own

  • baseness; but he thought only of Ona, he gave himself up again to the luxury of

  • grief.

  • He shed no tears, being ashamed to make a sound; he sat motionless and shuddering

  • with his anguish.

  • He had never dreamed how much he loved Ona, until now that she was gone; until now that

  • he sat here, knowing that on the morrow they would take her away, and that he would

  • never lay eyes upon her again--never all the days of his life.

  • His old love, which had been starved to death, beaten to death, awoke in him again;

  • the floodgates of memory were lifted--he saw all their life together, saw her as he

  • had seen her in Lithuania, the first day at

  • the fair, beautiful as the flowers, singing like a bird.

  • He saw her as he had married her, with all her tenderness, with her heart of wonder;

  • the very words she had spoken seemed to ring now in his ears, the tears she had

  • shed to be wet upon his cheek.

  • The long, cruel battle with misery and hunger had hardened and embittered him, but

  • it had not changed her--she had been the same hungry soul to the end, stretching out

  • her arms to him, pleading with him, begging him for love and tenderness.

  • And she had suffered--so cruelly she had suffered, such agonies, such infamies--ah,

  • God, the memory of them was not to be borne.

  • What a monster of wickedness, of heartlessness, he had been!

  • Every angry word that he had ever spoken came back to him and cut him like a knife;

  • every selfish act that he had done--with what torments he paid for them now!

  • And such devotion and awe as welled up in his soul--now that it could never be

  • spoken, now that it was too late, too late!

  • His bosom-was choking with it, bursting with it; he crouched here in the darkness

  • beside her, stretching out his arms to her- -and she was gone forever, she was dead!

  • He could have screamed aloud with the horror and despair of it; a sweat of agony

  • beaded his forehead, yet he dared not make a sound--he scarcely dared to breathe,

  • because of his shame and loathing of himself.

  • Late at night came Elzbieta, having gotten the money for a mass, and paid for it in

  • advance, lest she should be tempted too sorely at home.

  • She brought also a bit of stale rye bread that some one had given her, and with that

  • they quieted the children and got them to sleep.

  • Then she came over to Jurgis and sat down beside him.

  • She said not a word of reproach--she and Marija had chosen that course before; she

  • would only plead with him, here by the corpse of his dead wife.

  • Already Elzbieta had choked down her tears, grief being crowded out of her soul by

  • fear.

  • She had to bury one of her children--but then she had done it three times before,

  • and each time risen up and gone back to take up the battle for the rest.

  • Elzbieta was one of the primitive creatures: like the angleworm, which goes

  • on living though cut in half; like a hen, which, deprived of her chickens one by one,

  • will mother the last that is left her.

  • She did this because it was her nature--she asked no questions about the justice of it,

  • nor the worth-whileness of life in which destruction and death ran riot.

  • And this old common-sense view she labored to impress upon Jurgis, pleading with him

  • with tears in her eyes. Ona was dead, but the others were left and

  • they must be saved.

  • She did not ask for her own children. She and Marija could care for them somehow,

  • but there was Antanas, his own son.

  • Ona had given Antanas to him--the little fellow was the only remembrance of her that

  • he had; he must treasure it and protect it, he must show himself a man.

  • He knew what Ona would have had him do, what she would ask of him at this moment,

  • if she could speak to him.

  • It was a terrible thing that she should have died as she had; but the life had been

  • too hard for her, and she had to go.

  • It was terrible that they were not able to bury her, that he could not even have a day

  • to mourn her--but so it was.

  • Their fate was pressing; they had not a cent, and the children would perish--some

  • money must be had. Could he not be a man for Ona's sake, and

  • pull himself together?

  • In a little while they would be out of danger--now that they had given up the

  • house they could live more cheaply, and with all the children working they could

  • get along, if only he would not go to pieces.

  • So Elzbieta went on, with feverish intensity.

  • It was a struggle for life with her; she was not afraid that Jurgis would go on

  • drinking, for he had no money for that, but she was wild with dread at the thought that

  • he might desert them, might take to the road, as Jonas had done.

  • But with Ona's dead body beneath his eyes, Jurgis could not well think of treason to

  • his child.

  • Yes, he said, he would try, for the sake of Antanas.

  • He would give the little fellow his chance- -would get to work at once, yes, tomorrow,

  • without even waiting for Ona to be buried.

  • They might trust him, he would keep his word, come what might.

  • And so he was out before daylight the next morning, headache, heartache, and all.

  • He went straight to Graham's fertilizer mill, to see if he could get back his job.

  • But the boss shook his head when he saw him--no, his place had been filled long

  • ago, and there was no room for him.

  • "Do you think there will be?" Jurgis asked.

  • "I may have to wait."

  • "No," said the other, "it will not be worth your while to wait--there will be nothing

  • for you here." Jurgis stood gazing at him in perplexity.

  • "What is the matter?" he asked.

  • "Didn't I do my work?" The other met his look with one of cold

  • indifference, and answered, "There will be nothing for you here, I said."

  • Jurgis had his suspicions as to the dreadful meaning of that incident, and he

  • went away with a sinking at the heart.

  • He went and took his stand with the mob of hungry wretches who were standing about in

  • the snow before the time station.

  • Here he stayed, breakfastless, for two hours, until the throng was driven away by

  • the clubs of the police. There was no work for him that day.

  • Jurgis had made a good many acquaintances in his long services at the yards--there

  • were saloon-keepers who would trust him for a drink and a sandwich, and members of his

  • old union who would lend him a dime at a pinch.

  • It was not a question of life and death for him, therefore; he might hunt all day, and

  • come again on the morrow, and try hanging on thus for weeks, like hundreds and

  • thousands of others.

  • Meantime, Teta Elzbieta would go and beg, over in the Hyde Park district, and the

  • children would bring home enough to pacify Aniele, and keep them all alive.

  • It was at the end of a week of this sort of waiting, roaming about in the bitter winds

  • or loafing in saloons, that Jurgis stumbled on a chance in one of the cellars of

  • Jones's big packing plant.

  • He saw a foreman passing the open doorway, and hailed him for a job.

  • "Push a truck?" inquired the man, and Jurgis answered, "Yes, sir!" before the

  • words were well out of his mouth.

  • "What's your name?" demanded the other. "Jurgis Rudkus."

  • "Worked in the yards before?" "Yes."

  • "Whereabouts?"

  • "Two places--Brown's killing beds and Durham's fertilizer mill."

  • "Why did you leave there?" "The first time I had an accident, and the

  • last time I was sent up for a month."

  • "I see. Well, I'll give you a trial.

  • Come early tomorrow and ask for Mr. Thomas."

  • So Jurgis rushed home with the wild tidings that he had a job--that the terrible siege

  • was over.

  • The remnants of the family had quite a celebration that night; and in the morning

  • Jurgis was at the place half an hour before the time of opening.

  • The foreman came in shortly afterward, and when he saw Jurgis he frowned.

  • "Oh," he said, "I promised you a job, didn't I?"

  • "Yes, sir," said Jurgis.

  • "Well, I'm sorry, but I made a mistake. I can't use you."

  • Jurgis stared, dumfounded. "What's the matter?" he gasped.

  • "Nothing," said the man, "only I can't use you."

  • There was the same cold, hostile stare that he had had from the boss of the fertilizer

  • mill.

  • He knew that there was no use in saying a word, and he turned and went away.

  • Out in the saloons the men could tell him all about the meaning of it; they gazed at

  • him with pitying eyes--poor devil, he was blacklisted!

  • What had he done? they asked--knocked down his boss?

  • Good heavens, then he might have known!

  • Why, he stood as much chance of getting a job in Packingtown as of being chosen mayor

  • of Chicago. Why had he wasted his time hunting?

  • They had him on a secret list in every office, big and little, in the place.

  • They had his name by this time in St. Louis and New York, in Omaha and Boston, in

  • Kansas City and St. Joseph.

  • He was condemned and sentenced, without trial and without appeal; he could never

  • work for the packers again--he could not even clean cattle pens or drive a truck in

  • any place where they controlled.

  • He might try it, if he chose, as hundreds had tried it, and found out for themselves.

  • He would never be told anything about it; he would never get any more satisfaction

  • than he had gotten just now; but he would always find when the time came that he was

  • not needed.

  • It would not do for him to give any other name, either--they had company "spotters"

  • for just that purpose, and he wouldn't keep a job in Packingtown three days.

  • It was worth a fortune to the packers to keep their blacklist effective, as a

  • warning to the men and a means of keeping down union agitation and political

  • discontent.

  • Jurgis went home, carrying these new tidings to the family council.

  • It was a most cruel thing; here in this district was his home, such as it was, the

  • place he was used to and the friends he knew--and now every possibility of

  • employment in it was closed to him.

  • There was nothing in Packingtown but packing houses; and so it was the same

  • thing as evicting him from his home. He and the two women spent all day and half

  • the night discussing it.

  • It would be convenient, downtown, to the children's place of work; but then Marija

  • was on the road to recovery, and had hopes of getting a job in the yards; and though

  • she did not see her old-time lover once a

  • month, because of the misery of their state, yet she could not make up her mind

  • to go away and give him up forever.

  • Then, too, Elzbieta had heard something about a chance to scrub floors in Durham's

  • offices and was waiting every day for word.

  • In the end it was decided that Jurgis should go downtown to strike out for

  • himself, and they would decide after he got a job.

  • As there was no one from whom he could borrow there, and he dared not beg for fear

  • of being arrested, it was arranged that every day he should meet one of the

  • children and be given fifteen cents of

  • their earnings, upon which he could keep going.

  • Then all day he was to pace the streets with hundreds and thousands of other

  • homeless wretches inquiring at stores, warehouses, and factories for a chance; and

  • at night he was to crawl into some doorway

  • or underneath a truck, and hide there until midnight, when he might get into one of the

  • station houses, and spread a newspaper upon the floor, and lie down in the midst of a

  • throng of "bums" and beggars, reeking with

  • alcohol and tobacco, and filthy with vermin and disease.

  • So for two weeks more Jurgis fought with the demon of despair.

  • Once he got a chance to load a truck for half a day, and again he carried an old

  • woman's valise and was given a quarter.

  • This let him into a lodging-house on several nights when he might otherwise have

  • frozen to death; and it also gave him a chance now and then to buy a newspaper in

  • the morning and hunt up jobs while his

  • rivals were watching and waiting for a paper to be thrown away.

  • This, however, was really not the advantage it seemed, for the newspaper advertisements

  • were a cause of much loss of precious time and of many weary journeys.

  • A full half of these were "fakes," put in by the endless variety of establishments

  • which preyed upon the helpless ignorance of the unemployed.

  • If Jurgis lost only his time, it was because he had nothing else to lose;

  • whenever a smooth-tongued agent would tell him of the wonderful positions he had on

  • hand, he could only shake his head

  • sorrowfully and say that he had not the necessary dollar to deposit; when it was

  • explained to him what "big money" he and all his family could make by coloring

  • photographs, he could only promise to come

  • in again when he had two dollars to invest in the outfit.

  • In the end Jurgis got a chance through an accidental meeting with an old-time

  • acquaintance of his union days.

  • He met this man on his way to work in the giant factories of the Harvester Trust; and

  • his friend told him to come along and he would speak a good word for him to his

  • boss, whom he knew well.

  • So Jurgis trudged four or five miles, and passed through a waiting throng of

  • unemployed at the gate under the escort of his friend.

  • His knees nearly gave way beneath him when the foreman, after looking him over and

  • questioning him, told him that he could find an opening for him.

  • How much this accident meant to Jurgis he realized only by stages; for he found that

  • the harvester works were the sort of place to which philanthropists and reformers

  • pointed with pride.

  • It had some thought for its employees; its workshops were big and roomy, it provided a

  • restaurant where the workmen could buy good food at cost, it had even a reading room,

  • and decent places where its girl-hands

  • could rest; also the work was free from many of the elements of filth and

  • repulsiveness that prevailed at the stockyards.

  • Day after day Jurgis discovered these things--things never expected nor dreamed

  • of by him--until this new place came to seem a kind of a heaven to him.

  • It was an enormous establishment, covering a hundred and sixty acres of ground,

  • employing five thousand people, and turning out over three hundred thousand machines

  • every year--a good part of all the

  • harvesting and mowing machines used in the country.

  • Jurgis saw very little of it, of course--it was all specialized work, the same as at

  • the stockyards; each one of the hundreds of parts of a mowing machine was made

  • separately, and sometimes handled by hundreds of men.

  • Where Jurgis worked there was a machine which cut and stamped a certain piece of

  • steel about two square inches in size; the pieces came tumbling out upon a tray, and

  • all that human hands had to do was to pile

  • them in regular rows, and change the trays at intervals.

  • This was done by a single boy, who stood with eyes and thought centered upon it, and

  • fingers flying so fast that the sounds of the bits of steel striking upon each other

  • was like the music of an express train as one hears it in a sleeping car at night.

  • This was "piece-work," of course; and besides it was made certain that the boy

  • did not idle, by setting the machine to match the highest possible speed of human

  • hands.

  • Thirty thousand of these pieces he handled every day, nine or ten million every year--

  • how many in a lifetime it rested with the gods to say.

  • Near by him men sat bending over whirling grindstones, putting the finishing touches

  • to the steel knives of the reaper; picking them out of a basket with the right hand,

  • pressing first one side and then the other

  • against the stone and finally dropping them with the left hand into another basket.

  • One of these men told Jurgis that he had sharpened three thousand pieces of steel a

  • day for thirteen years.

  • In the next room were wonderful machines that ate up long steel rods by slow stages,

  • cutting them off, seizing the pieces, stamping heads upon them, grinding them and

  • polishing them, threading them, and finally

  • dropping them into a basket, all ready to bolt the harvesters together.

  • From yet another machine came tens of thousands of steel burs to fit upon these

  • bolts.

  • In other places all these various parts were dipped into troughs of paint and hung

  • up to dry, and then slid along on trolleys to a room where men streaked them with red

  • and yellow, so that they might look cheerful in the harvest fields.

  • Jurgis's friend worked upstairs in the casting rooms, and his task was to make the

  • molds of a certain part.

  • He shoveled black sand into an iron receptacle and pounded it tight and set it

  • aside to harden; then it would be taken out, and molten iron poured into it.

  • This man, too, was paid by the mold--or rather for perfect castings, nearly half

  • his work going for naught.

  • You might see him, along with dozens of others, toiling like one possessed by a

  • whole community of demons; his arms working like the driving rods of an engine, his

  • long, black hair flying wild, his eyes

  • starting out, the sweat rolling in rivers down his face.

  • When he had shoveled the mold full of sand, and reached for the pounder to pound it

  • with, it was after the manner of a canoeist running rapids and seizing a pole at sight

  • of a submerged rock.

  • All day long this man would toil thus, his whole being centered upon the purpose of

  • making twenty-three instead of twenty-two and a half cents an hour; and then his

  • product would be reckoned up by the census

  • taker, and jubilant captains of industry would boast of it in their banquet halls,

  • telling how our workers are nearly twice as efficient as those of any other country.

  • If we are the greatest nation the sun ever shone upon, it would seem to be mainly

  • because we have been able to goad our wage- earners to this pitch of frenzy; though

  • there are a few other things that are great

  • among us including our drink-bill, which is a billion and a quarter of dollars a year,

  • and doubling itself every decade.

  • There was a machine which stamped out the iron plates, and then another which, with a

  • mighty thud, mashed them to the shape of the sitting-down portion of the American

  • farmer.

  • Then they were piled upon a truck, and it was Jurgis's task to wheel them to the room

  • where the machines were "assembled."

  • This was child's play for him, and he got a dollar and seventy-five cents a day for it;

  • on Saturday he paid Aniele the seventy-five cents a week he owed her for the use of her

  • garret, and also redeemed his overcoat,

  • which Elzbieta had put in pawn when he was in jail.

  • This last was a great blessing.

  • A man cannot go about in midwinter in Chicago with no overcoat and not pay for

  • it, and Jurgis had to walk or ride five or six miles back and forth to his work.

  • It so happened that half of this was in one direction and half in another,

  • necessitating a change of cars; the law required that transfers be given at all

  • intersecting points, but the railway

  • corporation had gotten round this by arranging a pretense at separate ownership.

  • So whenever he wished to ride, he had to pay ten cents each way, or over ten per

  • cent of his income to this power, which had gotten its franchises long ago by buying up

  • the city council, in the face of popular clamor amounting almost to a rebellion.

  • Tired as he felt at night, and dark and bitter cold as it was in the morning,

  • Jurgis generally chose to walk; at the hours other workmen were traveling, the

  • streetcar monopoly saw fit to put on so few

  • cars that there would be men hanging to every foot of the backs of them and often

  • crouching upon the snow-covered roof.

  • Of course the doors could never be closed, and so the cars were as cold as outdoors;

  • Jurgis, like many others, found it better to spend his fare for a drink and a free

  • lunch, to give him strength to walk.

  • These, however, were all slight matters to a man who had escaped from Durham's

  • fertilizer mill. Jurgis began to pick up heart again and to

  • make plans.

  • He had lost his house but then the awful load of the rent and interest was off his

  • shoulders, and when Marija was well again they could start over and save.

  • In the shop where he worked was a man, a Lithuanian like himself, whom the others

  • spoke of in admiring whispers, because of the mighty feats he was performing.

  • All day he sat at a machine turning bolts; and then in the evening he went to the

  • public school to study English and learn to read.

  • In addition, because he had a family of eight children to support and his earnings

  • were not enough, on Saturdays and Sundays he served as a watchman; he was required to

  • press two buttons at opposite ends of a

  • building every five minutes, and as the walk only took him two minutes, he had

  • three minutes to study between each trip.

  • Jurgis felt jealous of this fellow; for that was the sort of thing he himself had

  • dreamed of, two or three years ago.

  • He might do it even yet, if he had a fair chance--he might attract attention and

  • become a skilled man or a boss, as some had done in this place.

  • Suppose that Marija could get a job in the big mill where they made binder twine--then

  • they would move into this neighborhood, and he would really have a chance.

  • With a hope like that, there was some use in living; to find a place where you were

  • treated like a human being--by God! he would show them how he could appreciate it.

  • He laughed to himself as he thought how he would hang on to this job!

  • And then one afternoon, the ninth of his work in the place, when he went to get his

  • overcoat he saw a group of men crowded before a placard on the door, and when he

  • went over and asked what it was, they told

  • him that beginning with the morrow his department of the harvester works would be

  • closed until further notice!

  • >

  • CHAPTER 21

  • That was the way they did it! There was not half an hour's warning--the

  • works were closed! It had happened that way before, said the

  • men, and it would happen that way forever.

  • They had made all the harvesting machines that the world needed, and now they had to

  • wait till some wore out!

  • It was nobody's fault--that was the way of it; and thousands of men and women were

  • turned out in the dead of winter, to live upon their savings if they had any, and

  • otherwise to die.

  • So many tens of thousands already in the city, homeless and begging for work, and

  • now several thousand more added to them! Jurgis walked home-with his pittance of pay

  • in his pocket, heartbroken, overwhelmed.

  • One more bandage had been torn from his eyes, one more pitfall was revealed to him!

  • Of what help was kindness and decency on the part of employers--when they could not

  • keep a job for him, when there were more harvesting machines made than the world was

  • able to buy!

  • What a hellish mockery it was, anyway, that a man should slave to make harvesting

  • machines for the country, only to be turned out to starve for doing his duty too well!

  • It took him two days to get over this heart-sickening disappointment.

  • He did not drink anything, because Elzbieta got his money for safekeeping, and knew him

  • too well to be in the least frightened by his angry demands.

  • He stayed up in the garret however, and sulked--what was the use of a man's hunting

  • a job when it was taken from him before he had time to learn the work?

  • But then their money was going again, and little Antanas was hungry, and crying with

  • the bitter cold of the garret. Also Madame Haupt, the midwife, was after

  • him for some money.

  • So he went out once more. For another ten days he roamed the streets

  • and alleys of the huge city, sick and hungry, begging for any work.

  • He tried in stores and offices, in restaurants and hotels, along the docks and

  • in the railroad yards, in warehouses and mills and factories where they made

  • products that went to every corner of the world.

  • There were often one or two chances--but there were always a hundred men for every

  • chance, and his turn would not come.

  • At night he crept into sheds and cellars and doorways--until there came a spell of

  • belated winter weather, with a raging gale, and the thermometer five degrees below zero

  • at sundown and falling all night.

  • Then Jurgis fought like a wild beast to get into the big Harrison Street police

  • station, and slept down in a corridor, crowded with two other men upon a single

  • step.

  • He had to fight often in these days to fight for a place near the factory gates,

  • and now and again with gangs on the street.

  • He found, for instance, that the business of carrying satchels for railroad

  • passengers was a pre-empted one--whenever he essayed it, eight or ten men and boys

  • would fall upon him and force him to run for his life.

  • They always had the policeman "squared," and so there was no use in expecting

  • protection.

  • That Jurgis did not starve to death was due solely to the pittance the children brought

  • him. And even this was never certain.

  • For one thing the cold was almost more than the children could bear; and then they,

  • too, were in perpetual peril from rivals who plundered and beat them.

  • The law was against them, too--little Vilimas, who was really eleven, but did not

  • look to be eight, was stopped on the streets by a severe old lady in spectacles,

  • who told him that he was too young to be

  • working and that if he did not stop selling papers she would send a truant officer

  • after him.

  • Also one night a strange man caught little Kotrina by the arm and tried to persuade

  • her into a dark cellar-way, an experience which filled her with such terror that she

  • was hardly to be kept at work.

  • At last, on a Sunday, as there was no use looking for work, Jurgis went home by

  • stealing rides on the cars.

  • He found that they had been waiting for him for three days--there was a chance of a job

  • for him. It was quite a story.

  • Little Juozapas, who was near crazy with hunger these days, had gone out on the

  • street to beg for himself.

  • Juozapas had only one leg, having been run over by a wagon when a little child, but he

  • had got himself a broomstick, which he put under his arm for a crutch.

  • He had fallen in with some other children and found the way to Mike Scully's dump,

  • which lay three or four blocks away.

  • To this place there came every day many hundreds of wagon-loads of garbage and

  • trash from the lake front, where the rich people lived; and in the heaps the children

  • raked for food--there were hunks of bread

  • and potato peelings and apple cores and meat bones, all of it half frozen and quite

  • unspoiled.

  • Little Juozapas gorged himself, and came home with a newspaper full, which he was

  • feeding to Antanas when his mother came in.

  • Elzbieta was horrified, for she did not believe that the food out of the dumps was

  • fit to eat.

  • The next day, however, when no harm came of it and Juozapas began to cry with hunger,

  • she gave in and said that he might go again.

  • And that afternoon he came home with a story of how while he had been digging away

  • with a stick, a lady upon the street had called him.

  • A real fine lady, the little boy explained, a beautiful lady; and she wanted to know

  • all about him, and whether he got the garbage for chickens, and why he walked

  • with a broomstick, and why Ona had died,

  • and how Jurgis had come to go to jail, and what was the matter with Marija, and

  • everything.

  • In the end she had asked where he lived, and said that she was coming to see him,

  • and bring him a new crutch to walk with.

  • She had on a hat with a bird upon it, Juozapas added, and a long fur snake around

  • her neck.

  • She really came, the very next morning, and climbed the ladder to the garret, and stood

  • and stared about her, turning pale at the sight of the blood stains on the floor

  • where Ona had died.

  • She was a "settlement worker," she explained to Elzbieta--she lived around on

  • Ashland Avenue.

  • Elzbieta knew the place, over a feed store; somebody had wanted her to go there, but

  • she had not cared to, for she thought that it must have something to do with religion,

  • and the priest did not like her to have anything to do with strange religions.

  • They were rich people who came to live there to find out about the poor people;

  • but what good they expected it would do them to know, one could not imagine.

  • So spoke Elzbieta, naively, and the young lady laughed and was rather at a loss for

  • an answer--she stood and gazed about her, and thought of a cynical remark that had

  • been made to her, that she was standing

  • upon the brink of the pit of hell and throwing in snowballs to lower the

  • temperature.

  • Elzbieta was glad to have somebody to listen, and she told all their woes--what

  • had happened to Ona, and the jail, and the loss of their home, and Marija's accident,

  • and how Ona had died, and how Jurgis could get no work.

  • As she listened the pretty young lady's eyes filled with tears, and in the midst of

  • it she burst into weeping and hid her face on Elzbieta's shoulder, quite regardless of

  • the fact that the woman had on a dirty old

  • wrapper and that the garret was full of fleas.

  • Poor Elzbieta was ashamed of herself for having told so woeful a tale, and the other

  • had to beg and plead with her to get her to go on.

  • The end of it was that the young lady sent them a basket of things to eat, and left a

  • letter that Jurgis was to take to a gentleman who was superintendent in one of

  • the mills of the great steelworks in South Chicago.

  • "He will get Jurgis something to do," the young lady had said, and added, smiling

  • through her tears--"If he doesn't, he will never marry me."

  • The steel-works were fifteen miles away, and as usual it was so contrived that one

  • had to pay two fares to get there.

  • Far and wide the sky was flaring with the red glare that leaped from rows of towering

  • chimneys--for it was pitch dark when Jurgis arrived.

  • The vast works, a city in themselves, were surrounded by a stockade; and already a

  • full hundred men were waiting at the gate where new hands were taken on.

  • Soon after daybreak whistles began to blow, and then suddenly thousands of men

  • appeared, streaming from saloons and boardinghouses across the way, leaping from

  • trolley cars that passed--it seemed as if

  • they rose out of the ground, in the dim gray light.

  • A river of them poured in through the gate- -and then gradually ebbed away again, until

  • there were only a few late ones running, and the watchman pacing up and down, and

  • the hungry strangers stamping and shivering.

  • Jurgis presented his precious letter.

  • The gatekeeper was surly, and put him through a catechism, but he insisted that

  • he knew nothing, and as he had taken the precaution to seal his letter, there was

  • nothing for the gatekeeper to do but send it to the person to whom it was addressed.

  • A messenger came back to say that Jurgis should wait, and so he came inside of the

  • gate, perhaps not sorry enough that there were others less fortunate watching him

  • with greedy eyes.

  • The great mills were getting under way--one could hear a vast stirring, a rolling and

  • rumbling and hammering.

  • Little by little the scene grew plain: towering, black buildings here and there,

  • long rows of shops and sheds, little railways branching everywhere, bare gray

  • cinders underfoot and oceans of billowing black smoke above.

  • On one side of the grounds ran a railroad with a dozen tracks, and on the other side

  • lay the lake, where steamers came to load.

  • Jurgis had time enough to stare and speculate, for it was two hours before he

  • was summoned. He went into the office building, where a

  • company timekeeper interviewed him.

  • The superintendent was busy, he said, but he (the timekeeper) would try to find

  • Jurgis a job. He had never worked in a steel mill before?

  • But he was ready for anything?

  • Well, then, they would go and see. So they began a tour, among sights that

  • made Jurgis stare amazed.

  • He wondered if ever he could get used to working in a place like this, where the air

  • shook with deafening thunder, and whistles shrieked warnings on all sides of him at

  • once; where miniature steam engines came

  • rushing upon him, and sizzling, quivering, white-hot masses of metal sped past him,

  • and explosions of fire and flaming sparks dazzled him and scorched his face.

  • The men in these mills were all black with soot, and hollow-eyed and gaunt; they

  • worked with fierce intensity, rushing here and there, and never lifting their eyes

  • from their tasks.

  • Jurgis clung to his guide like a scared child to its nurse, and while the latter

  • hailed one foreman after another to ask if they could use another unskilled man, he

  • stared about him and marveled.

  • He was taken to the Bessemer furnace, where they made billets of steel--a dome-like

  • building, the size of a big theater.

  • Jurgis stood where the balcony of the theater would have been, and opposite, by

  • the stage, he saw three giant caldrons, big enough for all the devils of hell to brew

  • their broth in, full of something white and

  • blinding, bubbling and splashing, roaring as if volcanoes were blowing through it--

  • one had to shout to be heard in the place.

  • Liquid fire would leap from these caldrons and scatter like bombs below--and men were

  • working there, seeming careless, so that Jurgis caught his breath with fright.

  • Then a whistle would toot, and across the curtain of the theater would come a little

  • engine with a carload of something to be dumped into one of the receptacles; and

  • then another whistle would toot, down by

  • the stage, and another train would back up- -and suddenly, without an instant's

  • warning, one of the giant kettles began to tilt and topple, flinging out a jet of

  • hissing, roaring flame.

  • Jurgis shrank back appalled, for he thought it was an accident; there fell a pillar of

  • white flame, dazzling as the sun, swishing like a huge tree falling in the forest.

  • A torrent of sparks swept all the way across the building, overwhelming

  • everything, hiding it from sight; and then Jurgis looked through the fingers of his

  • hands, and saw pouring out of the caldron a

  • cascade of living, leaping fire, white with a whiteness not of earth, scorching the

  • eyeballs.

  • Incandescent rainbows shone above it, blue, red, and golden lights played about it; but

  • the stream itself was white, ineffable.

  • Out of regions of wonder it streamed, the very river of life; and the soul leaped up

  • at the sight of it, fled back upon it, swift and resistless, back into far-off

  • lands, where beauty and terror dwell.

  • Then the great caldron tilted back again, empty, and Jurgis saw to his relief that no

  • one was hurt, and turned and followed his guide out into the sunlight.

  • They went through the blast furnaces, through rolling mills where bars of steel

  • were tossed about and chopped like bits of cheese.

  • All around and above giant machine arms were flying, giant wheels were turning,

  • great hammers crashing; traveling cranes creaked and groaned overhead, reaching down

  • iron hands and seizing iron prey--it was

  • like standing in the center of the earth, where the machinery of time was revolving.

  • By and by they came to the place where steel rails were made; and Jurgis heard a

  • toot behind him, and jumped out of the way of a car with a white-hot ingot upon it,

  • the size of a man's body.

  • There was a sudden crash and the car came to a halt, and the ingot toppled out upon a

  • moving platform, where steel fingers and arms seized hold of it, punching it and

  • prodding it into place, and hurrying it into the grip of huge rollers.

  • Then it came out upon the other side, and there were more crashings and clatterings,

  • and over it was flopped, like a pancake on a gridiron, and seized again and rushed

  • back at you through another squeezer.

  • So amid deafening uproar it clattered to and fro, growing thinner and flatter and

  • longer.

  • The ingot seemed almost a living thing; it did not want to run this mad course, but it

  • was in the grip of fate, it was tumbled on, screeching and clanking and shivering in

  • protest.

  • By and by it was long and thin, a great red snake escaped from purgatory; and then, as

  • it slid through the rollers, you would have sworn that it was alive--it writhed and

  • squirmed, and wriggles and shudders passed

  • out through its tail, all but flinging it off by their violence.

  • There was no rest for it until it was cold and black--and then it needed only to be

  • cut and straightened to be ready for a railroad.

  • It was at the end of this rail's progress that Jurgis got his chance.

  • They had to be moved by men with crowbars, and the boss here could use another man.

  • So he took off his coat and set to work on the spot.

  • It took him two hours to get to this place every day and cost him a dollar and twenty

  • cents a week.

  • As this was out of the question, he wrapped his bedding in a bundle and took it with

  • him, and one of his fellow workingmen introduced him to a Polish lodging-house,

  • where he might have the privilege of

  • sleeping upon the floor for ten cents a night.

  • He got his meals at free-lunch counters, and every Saturday night he went home--

  • bedding and all--and took the greater part of his money to the family.

  • Elzbieta was sorry for this arrangement, for she feared that it would get him into

  • the habit of living without them, and once a week was not very often for him to see

  • his baby; but there was no other way of arranging it.

  • There was no chance for a woman at the steelworks, and Marija was now ready for

  • work again, and lured on from day to day by the hope of finding it at the yards.

  • In a week Jurgis got over his sense of helplessness and bewilderment in the rail

  • mill.

  • He learned to find his way about and to take all the miracles and terrors for

  • granted, to work without hearing the rumbling and crashing.

  • From blind fear he went to the other extreme; he became reckless and

  • indifferent, like all the rest of the men, who took but little thought of themselves

  • in the ardor of their work.

  • It was wonderful, when one came to think of it, that these men should have taken an

  • interest in the work they did--they had no share in it--they were paid by the hour,

  • and paid no more for being interested.

  • Also they knew that if they were hurt they would be flung aside and forgotten--and

  • still they would hurry to their task by dangerous short cuts, would use methods

  • that were quicker and more effective in

  • spite of the fact that they were also risky.

  • His fourth day at his work Jurgis saw a man stumble while running in front of a car,

  • and have his foot mashed off, and before he had been there three weeks he was witness

  • of a yet more dreadful accident.

  • There was a row of brick furnaces, shining white through every crack with the molten

  • steel inside.

  • Some of these were bulging dangerously, yet men worked before them, wearing blue

  • glasses when they opened and shut the doors.

  • One morning as Jurgis was passing, a furnace blew out, spraying two men with a

  • shower of liquid fire.

  • As they lay screaming and rolling upon the ground in agony, Jurgis rushed to help

  • them, and as a result he lost a good part of the skin from the inside of one of his

  • hands.

  • The company doctor bandaged it up, but he got no other thanks from any one, and was

  • laid up for eight working days without any pay.

  • Most fortunately, at this juncture, Elzbieta got the long-awaited chance to go

  • at five o'clock in the morning and help scrub the office floors of one of the

  • packers.

  • Jurgis came home and covered himself with blankets to keep warm, and divided his time

  • between sleeping and playing with little Antanas.

  • Juozapas was away raking in the dump a good part of the time, and Elzbieta and Marija

  • were hunting for more work. Antanas was now over a year and a half old,

  • and was a perfect talking machine.

  • He learned so fast that every week when Jurgis came home it seemed to him as if he

  • had a new child.

  • He would sit down and listen and stare at him, and give vent to delighted

  • exclamations--"Palauk! Muma!

  • Tu mano szirdele!"

  • The little fellow was now really the one delight that Jurgis had in the world--his

  • one hope, his one victory. Thank God, Antanas was a boy!

  • And he was as tough as a pine knot, and with the appetite of a wolf.

  • Nothing had hurt him, and nothing could hurt him; he had come through all the

  • suffering and deprivation unscathed--only shriller-voiced and more determined in his

  • grip upon life.

  • He was a terrible child to manage, was Antanas, but his father did not mind that--

  • he would watch him and smile to himself with satisfaction.

  • The more of a fighter he was the better--he would need to fight before he got through.

  • Jurgis had got the habit of buying the Sunday paper whenever he had the money; a

  • most wonderful paper could be had for only five cents, a whole armful, with all the

  • news of the world set forth in big

  • headlines, that Jurgis could spell out slowly, with the children to help him at

  • the long words.

  • There was battle and murder and sudden death--it was marvelous how they ever heard

  • about so many entertaining and thrilling happenings; the stories must be all true,

  • for surely no man could have made such

  • things up, and besides, there were pictures of them all, as real as life.

  • One of these papers was as good as a circus, and nearly as good as a spree--

  • certainly a most wonderful treat for a workingman, who was tired out and

  • stupefied, and had never had any education,

  • and whose work was one dull, sordid grind, day after day, and year after year, with

  • never a sight of a green field nor an hour's entertainment, nor anything but

  • liquor to stimulate his imagination.

  • Among other things, these papers had pages full of comical pictures, and these were

  • the main joy in life to little Antanas.

  • He treasured them up, and would drag them out and make his father tell him about

  • them; there were all sorts of animals among them, and Antanas could tell the names of

  • all of them, lying upon the floor for hours

  • and pointing them out with his chubby little fingers.

  • Whenever the story was plain enough for Jurgis to make out, Antanas would have it

  • repeated to him, and then he would remember it, prattling funny little sentences and

  • mixing it up with other stories in an irresistible fashion.

  • Also his quaint pronunciation of words was such a delight--and the phrases he would

  • pick up and remember, the most outlandish and impossible things!

  • The first time that the little rascal burst out with "God damn," his father nearly

  • rolled off the chair with glee; but in the end he was sorry for this, for Antanas was

  • soon "God-damning" everything and everybody.

  • And then, when he was able to use his hands, Jurgis took his bedding again and

  • went back to his task of shifting rails.

  • It was now April, and the snow had given place to cold rains, and the unpaved street

  • in front of Aniele's house was turned into a canal.

  • Jurgis would have to wade through it to get home, and if it was late he might easily

  • get stuck to his waist in the mire. But he did not mind this much--it was a

  • promise that summer was coming.

  • Marija had now gotten a place as beef- trimmer in one of the smaller packing

  • plants; and he told himself that he had learned his lesson now, and would meet with

  • no more accidents--so that at last there was prospect of an end to their long agony.

  • They could save money again, and when another winter came they would have a

  • comfortable place; and the children would be off the streets and in school again, and

  • they might set to work to nurse back into life their habits of decency and kindness.

  • So once more Jurgis began to make plans and dream dreams.

  • And then one Saturday night he jumped off the car and started home, with the sun

  • shining low under the edge of a bank of clouds that had been pouring floods of

  • water into the mud-soaked street.

  • There was a rainbow in the sky, and another in his breast--for he had thirty-six hours'

  • rest before him, and a chance to see his family.

  • Then suddenly he came in sight of the house, and noticed that there was a crowd

  • before the door.

  • He ran up the steps and pushed his way in, and saw Aniele's kitchen crowded with

  • excited women.

  • It reminded him so vividly of the time when he had come home from jail and found Ona

  • dying, that his heart almost stood still. "What's the matter?" he cried.

  • A dead silence had fallen in the room, and he saw that every one was staring at him.

  • "What's the matter?" he exclaimed again. And then, up in the garret, he heard sounds

  • of wailing, in Marija's voice.

  • He started for the ladder--and Aniele seized him by the arm.

  • "No, no!" she exclaimed. "Don't go up there!"

  • "What is it?" he shouted.

  • And the old woman answered him weakly: "It's Antanas.

  • He's dead. He was drowned out in the street!"

  • >

  • CHAPTER 22

  • Jurgis took the news in a peculiar way. He turned deadly pale, but he caught

  • himself, and for half a minute stood in the middle of the room, clenching his hands

  • tightly and setting his teeth.

  • Then he pushed Aniele aside and strode into the next room and climbed the ladder.

  • In the corner was a blanket, with a form half showing beneath it; and beside it lay

  • Elzbieta, whether crying or in a faint, Jurgis could not tell.

  • Marija was pacing the room, screaming and wringing her hands.

  • He clenched his hands tighter yet, and his voice was hard as he spoke.

  • "How did it happen?" he asked.

  • Marija scarcely heard him in her agony. He repeated the question, louder and yet

  • more harshly. "He fell off the sidewalk!" she wailed.

  • The sidewalk in front of the house was a platform made of half-rotten boards, about

  • five feet above the level of the sunken street.

  • "How did he come to be there?" he demanded.

  • "He went--he went out to play," Marija sobbed, her voice choking her.

  • "We couldn't make him stay in. He must have got caught in the mud!"

  • "Are you sure that he is dead?" he demanded.

  • "Ai! ai!" she wailed. "Yes; we had the doctor."

  • Then Jurgis stood a few seconds, wavering.

  • He did not shed a tear. He took one glance more at the blanket with

  • the little form beneath it, and then turned suddenly to the ladder and climbed down

  • again.

  • A silence fell once more in the room as he entered.

  • He went straight to the door, passed out, and started down the street.

  • When his wife had died, Jurgis made for the nearest saloon, but he did not do that now,

  • though he had his week's wages in his pocket.

  • He walked and walked, seeing nothing, splashing through mud and water.

  • Later on he sat down upon a step and hid his face in his hands and for half an hour

  • or so he did not move.

  • Now and then he would whisper to himself: "Dead!

  • Dead!" Finally, he got up and walked on again.

  • It was about sunset, and he went on and on until it was dark, when he was stopped by a

  • railroad crossing. The gates were down, and a long train of

  • freight cars was thundering by.

  • He stood and watched it; and all at once a wild impulse seized him, a thought that had

  • been lurking within him, unspoken, unrecognized, leaped into sudden life.

  • He started down the track, and when he was past the gate-keeper's shanty he sprang

  • forward and swung himself on to one of the cars.

  • By and by the train stopped again, and Jurgis sprang down and ran under the car,

  • and hid himself upon the truck. Here he sat, and when the train started

  • again, he fought a battle with his soul.

  • He gripped his hands and set his teeth together--he had not wept, and he would

  • not--not a tear!

  • It was past and over, and he was done with it--he would fling it off his shoulders, be

  • free of it, the whole business, that night.

  • It should go like a black, hateful nightmare, and in the morning he would be a

  • new man.

  • And every time that a thought of it assailed him--a tender memory, a trace of a

  • tear--he rose up, cursing with rage, and pounded it down.

  • He was fighting for his life; he gnashed his teeth together in his desperation.

  • He had been a fool, a fool!

  • He had wasted his life, he had wrecked himself, with his accursed weakness; and

  • now he was done with it--he would tear it out of him, root and branch!

  • There should be no more tears and no more tenderness; he had had enough of them--they

  • had sold him into slavery! Now he was going to be free, to tear off

  • his shackles, to rise up and fight.

  • He was glad that the end had come--it had to come some time, and it was just as well

  • now.

  • This was no world for women and children, and the sooner they got out of it the

  • better for them.

  • Whatever Antanas might suffer where he was, he could suffer no more than he would have

  • had he stayed upon earth.

  • And meantime his father had thought the last thought about him that he meant to; he

  • was going to think of himself, he was going to fight for himself, against the world

  • that had baffled him and tortured him!

  • So he went on, tearing up all the flowers from the garden of his soul, and setting

  • his heel upon them.

  • The train thundered deafeningly, and a storm of dust blew in his face; but though

  • it stopped now and then through the night, he clung where he was--he would cling there

  • until he was driven off, for every mile

  • that he got from Packingtown meant another load from his mind.

  • Whenever the cars stopped a warm breeze blew upon him, a breeze laden with the

  • perfume of fresh fields, of honeysuckle and clover.

  • He snuffed it, and it made his heart beat wildly--he was out in the country again!

  • He was going to live in the country!

  • When the dawn came he was peering out with hungry eyes, getting glimpses of meadows

  • and woods and rivers.

  • At last he could stand it no longer, and when the train stopped again he crawled

  • out.

  • Upon the top of the car was a brakeman, who shook his fist and swore; Jurgis waved his

  • hand derisively, and started across the country.

  • Only think that he had been a countryman all his life; and for three long years he

  • had never seen a country sight nor heard a country sound!

  • Excepting for that one walk when he left jail, when he was too much worried to

  • notice anything, and for a few times that he had rested in the city parks in the

  • winter time when he was out of work, he had literally never seen a tree!

  • And now he felt like a bird lifted up and borne away upon a gale; he stopped and

  • stared at each new sight of wonder--at a herd of cows, and a meadow full of daisies,

  • at hedgerows set thick with June roses, at little birds singing in the trees.

  • Then he came to a farm-house, and after getting himself a stick for protection, he

  • approached it.

  • The farmer was greasing a wagon in front of the barn, and Jurgis went to him.

  • "I would like to get some breakfast, please," he said.

  • "Do you want to work?" said the farmer.

  • "No," said Jurgis. "I don't."

  • "Then you can't get anything here," snapped the other.

  • "I meant to pay for it," said Jurgis.

  • "Oh," said the farmer; and then added sarcastically, "We don't serve breakfast

  • after 7 A.M." "I am very hungry," said Jurgis gravely; "I

  • would like to buy some food."

  • "Ask the woman," said the farmer, nodding over his shoulder.

  • The "woman" was more tractable, and for a dime Jurgis secured two thick sandwiches

  • and a piece of pie and two apples.

  • He walked off eating the pie, as the least convenient thing to carry.

  • In a few minutes he came to a stream, and he climbed a fence and walked down the

  • bank, along a woodland path.

  • By and by he found a comfortable spot, and there he devoured his meal, slaking his

  • thirst at the stream.

  • Then he lay for hours, just gazing and drinking in joy; until at last he felt

  • sleepy, and lay down in the shade of a bush.

  • When he awoke the sun was shining hot in his face.

  • He sat up and stretched his arms, and then gazed at the water sliding by.

  • There was a deep pool, sheltered and silent, below him, and a sudden wonderful

  • idea rushed upon him. He might have a bath!

  • The water was free, and he might get into it--all the way into it!

  • It would be the first time that he had been all the way into the water since he left

  • Lithuania!

  • When Jurgis had first come to the stockyards he had been as clean as any

  • workingman could well be.

  • But later on, what with sickness and cold and hunger and discouragement, and the

  • filthiness of his work, and the vermin in his home, he had given up washing in

  • winter, and in summer only as much of him as would go into a basin.

  • He had had a shower bath in jail, but nothing since--and now he would have a

  • swim!

  • The water was warm, and he splashed about like a very boy in his glee.

  • Afterward he sat down in the water near the bank, and proceeded to scrub himself--

  • soberly and methodically, scouring every inch of him with sand.

  • While he was doing it he would do it thoroughly, and see how it felt to be

  • clean.

  • He even scrubbed his head with sand, and combed what the men called "crumbs" out of

  • his long, black hair, holding his head under water as long as he could, to see if

  • he could not kill them all.

  • Then, seeing that the sun was still hot, he took his clothes from the bank and

  • proceeded to wash them, piece by piece; as the dirt and grease went floating off

  • downstream he grunted with satisfaction and

  • soused the clothes again, venturing even to dream that he might get rid of the

  • fertilizer.

  • He hung them all up, and while they were drying he lay down in the sun and had

  • another long sleep.

  • They were hot and stiff as boards on top, and a little damp on the underside, when he

  • awakened; but being hungry, he put them on and set out again.

  • He had no knife, but with some labor he broke himself a good stout club, and, armed

  • with this, he marched down the road again. Before long he came to a big farmhouse, and

  • turned up the lane that led to it.

  • It was just supper-time, and the farmer was washing his hands at the kitchen door.

  • "Please, sir," said Jurgis, "can I have something to eat?

  • I can pay."

  • To which the farmer responded promptly, "We don't feed tramps here.

  • Get out!"

  • Jurgis went without a word; but as he passed round the barn he came to a freshly

  • ploughed and harrowed field, in which the farmer had set out some young peach trees;

  • and as he walked he jerked up a row of them

  • by the roots, more than a hundred trees in all, before he reached the end of the

  • field.

  • That was his answer, and it showed his mood; from now on he was fighting, and the

  • man who hit him would get all that he gave, every time.

  • Beyond the orchard Jurgis struck through a patch of woods, and then a field of winter

  • grain, and came at last to another road.

  • Before long he saw another farmhouse, and, as it was beginning to cloud over a little,

  • he asked here for shelter as well as food. Seeing the farmer eying him dubiously, he

  • added, "I'll be glad to sleep in the barn."

  • "Well, I dunno," said the other. "Do you smoke?"

  • "Sometimes," said Jurgis, "but I'll do it out of doors."

  • When the man had assented, he inquired, "How much will it cost me?

  • I haven't very much money." "I reckon about twenty cents for supper,"

  • replied the farmer.

  • "I won't charge ye for the barn." So Jurgis went in, and sat down at the

  • table with the farmer's wife and half a dozen children.

  • It was a bountiful meal--there were baked beans and mashed potatoes and asparagus

  • chopped and stewed, and a dish of strawberries, and great, thick slices of

  • bread, and a pitcher of milk.

  • Jurgis had not had such a feast since his wedding day, and he made a mighty effort to

  • put in his twenty cents' worth.

  • They were all of them too hungry to talk; but afterward they sat upon the steps and

  • smoked, and the farmer questioned his guest.

  • When Jurgis had explained that he was a workingman from Chicago, and that he did

  • not know just whither he was bound, the other said, "Why don't you stay here and

  • work for me?"

  • "I'm not looking for work just now," Jurgis answered.

  • "I'll pay ye good," said the other, eying his big form--"a dollar a day and board ye.

  • Help's terrible scarce round here."

  • "Is that winter as well as summer?" Jurgis demanded quickly.

  • "N--no," said the farmer; "I couldn't keep ye after November--I ain't got a big enough

  • place for that."

  • "I see," said the other, "that's what I thought.

  • When you get through working your horses this fall, will you turn them out in the

  • snow?"

  • (Jurgis was beginning to think for himself nowadays.)

  • "It ain't quite the same," the farmer answered, seeing the point.

  • "There ought to be work a strong fellow like you can find to do, in the cities, or

  • some place, in the winter time."

  • "Yes," said Jurgis, "that's what they all think; and so they crowd into the cities,

  • and when they have to beg or steal to live, then people ask 'em why they don't go into

  • the country, where help is scarce."

  • The farmer meditated awhile. "How about when your money's gone?" he

  • inquired, finally. "You'll have to, then, won't you?"

  • "Wait till she's gone," said Jurgis; "then I'll see."

  • He had a long sleep in the barn and then a big breakfast of coffee and bread and

  • oatmeal and stewed cherries, for which the man charged him only fifteen cents, perhaps

  • having been influenced by his arguments.

  • Then Jurgis bade farewell, and went on his way.

  • Such was the beginning of his life as a tramp.

  • It was seldom he got as fair treatment as from this last farmer, and so as time went

  • on he learned to shun the houses and to prefer sleeping in the fields.

  • When it rained he would find a deserted building, if he could, and if not, he would

  • wait until after dark and then, with his stick ready, begin a stealthy approach upon

  • a barn.

  • Generally he could get in before the dog got scent of him, and then he would hide in

  • the hay and be safe until morning; if not, and the dog attacked him, he would rise up

  • and make a retreat in battle order.

  • Jurgis was not the mighty man he had once been, but his arms were still good, and

  • there were few farm dogs he needed to hit more than once.

  • Before long there came raspberries, and then blackberries, to help him save his

  • money; and there were apples in the orchards and potatoes in the ground--he

  • learned to note the places and fill his pockets after dark.

  • Twice he even managed to capture a chicken, and had a feast, once in a deserted barn

  • and the other time in a lonely spot alongside of a stream.

  • When all of these things failed him he used his money carefully, but without worry--for

  • he saw that he could earn more whenever he chose.

  • Half an hour's chopping wood in his lively fashion was enough to bring him a meal, and

  • when the farmer had seen him working he would sometimes try to bribe him to stay.

  • But Jurgis was not staying.

  • He was a free man now, a buccaneer. The old wanderlust had got into his blood,

  • the joy of the unbound life, the joy of seeking, of hoping without limit.

  • There were mishaps and discomforts--but at least there was always something new; and

  • only think what it meant to a man who for years had been penned up in one place,

  • seeing nothing but one dreary prospect of

  • shanties and factories, to be suddenly set loose beneath the open sky, to behold new

  • landscapes, new places, and new people every hour!

  • To a man whose whole life had consisted of doing one certain thing all day, until he

  • was so exhausted that he could only lie down and sleep until the next day--and to

  • be now his own master, working as he

  • pleased and when he pleased, and facing a new adventure every hour!

  • Then, too, his health came back to him, all his lost youthful vigor, his joy and power

  • that he had mourned and forgotten!

  • It came with a sudden rush, bewildering him, startling him; it was as if his dead

  • childhood had come back to him, laughing and calling!

  • What with plenty to eat and fresh air and exercise that was taken as it pleased him,

  • he would waken from his sleep and start off not knowing what to do with his energy,

  • stretching his arms, laughing, singing old songs of home that came back to him.

  • Now and then, of course, he could not help but think of little Antanas, whom he should

  • never see again, whose little voice he should never hear; and then he would have

  • to battle with himself.

  • Sometimes at night he would waken dreaming of Ona, and stretch out his arms to her,

  • and wet the ground with his tears.

  • But in the morning he would get up and shake himself, and stride away again to

  • battle with the world.

  • He never asked where he was nor where he was going; the country was big enough, he

  • knew, and there was no danger of his coming to the end of it.

  • And of course he could always have company for the asking--everywhere he went there

  • were men living just as he lived, and whom he was welcome to join.

  • He was a stranger at the business, but they were not clannish, and they taught him all

  • their tricks--what towns and villages it was best to keep away from, and how to read

  • the secret signs upon the fences, and when

  • to beg and when to steal, and just how to do both.

  • They laughed at his ideas of paying for anything with money or with work--for they

  • got all they wanted without either.

  • Now and then Jurgis camped out with a gang of them in some woodland haunt, and foraged

  • with them in the neighborhood at night.

  • And then among them some one would "take a shine" to him, and they would go off

  • together and travel for a week, exchanging reminiscences.

  • Of these professional tramps a great many had, of course, been shiftless and vicious

  • all their lives.

  • But the vast majority of them had been workingmen, had fought the long fight as

  • Jurgis had, and found that it was a losing fight, and given up.

  • Later on he encountered yet another sort of men, those from whose ranks the tramps were

  • recruited, men who were homeless and wandering, but still seeking work--seeking

  • it in the harvest fields.

  • Of these there was an army, the huge surplus labor army of society; called into

  • being under the stern system of nature, to do the casual work of the world, the tasks

  • which were transient and irregular, and yet which had to be done.

  • They did not know that they were such, of course; they only knew that they sought the

  • job, and that the job was fleeting.

  • In the early summer they would be in Texas, and as the crops were ready they would

  • follow north with the season, ending with the fall in Manitoba.

  • Then they would seek out the big lumber camps, where there was winter work; or

  • failing in this, would drift to the cities, and live upon what they had managed to

  • save, with the help of such transient work

  • as was there the loading and unloading of steamships and drays, the digging of

  • ditches and the shoveling of snow.

  • If there were more of them on hand than chanced to be needed, the weaker ones died

  • off of cold and hunger, again according to the stern system of nature.

  • It was in the latter part of July, when Jurgis was in Missouri, that he came upon

  • the harvest work.

  • Here were crops that men had worked for three or four months to prepare, and of

  • which they would lose nearly all unless they could find others to help them for a

  • week or two.

  • So all over the land there was a cry for labor--agencies were set up and all the

  • cities were drained of men, even college boys were brought by the carload, and

  • hordes of frantic farmers would hold up

  • trains and carry off wagon-loads of men by main force.

  • Not that they did not pay them well--any man could get two dollars a day and his

  • board, and the best men could get two dollars and a half or three.

  • The harvest-fever was in the very air, and no man with any spirit in him could be in

  • that region and not catch it.

  • Jurgis joined a gang and worked from dawn till dark, eighteen hours a day, for two

  • weeks without a break.

  • Then he had a sum of money that would have been a fortune to him in the old days of

  • misery--but what could he do with it now?

  • To be sure he might have put it in a bank, and, if he were fortunate, get it back

  • again when he wanted it.

  • But Jurgis was now a homeless man, wandering over a continent; and what did he

  • know about banking and drafts and letters of credit?

  • If he carried the money about with him, he would surely be robbed in the end; and so

  • what was there for him to do but enjoy it while he could?

  • On a Saturday night he drifted into a town with his fellows; and because it was

  • raining, and there was no other place provided for him, he went to a saloon.

  • And there were some who treated him and whom he had to treat, and there was

  • laughter and singing and good cheer; and then out of the rear part of the saloon a

  • girl's face, red-cheeked and merry, smiled

  • at Jurgis, and his heart thumped suddenly in his throat.

  • He nodded to her, and she came and sat by him, and they had more drink, and then he

  • went upstairs into a room with her, and the wild beast rose up within him and screamed,

  • as it has screamed in the Jungle from the dawn of time.

  • And then because of his memories and his shame, he was glad when others joined them,

  • men and women; and they had more drink and spent the night in wild rioting and

  • debauchery.

  • In the van of the surplus-labor army, there followed another, an army of women, they

  • also struggling for life under the stern system of nature.

  • Because there were rich men who sought pleasure, there had been ease and plenty

  • for them so long as they were young and beautiful; and later on, when they were

  • crowded out by others younger and more

  • beautiful, they went out to follow upon the trail of the workingmen.

  • Sometimes they came of themselves, and the saloon-keepers shared with them; or

  • sometimes they were handled by agencies, the same as the labor army.

  • They were in the towns in harvest time, near the lumber camps in the winter, in the

  • cities when the men came there; if a regiment were encamped, or a railroad or

  • canal being made, or a great exposition

  • getting ready, the crowd of women were on hand, living in shanties or saloons or

  • tenement rooms, sometimes eight or ten of them together.

  • In the morning Jurgis had not a cent, and he went out upon the road again.

  • He was sick and disgusted, but after the new plan of his life, he crushed his

  • feelings down.

  • He had made a fool of himself, but he could not help it now--all he could do was to see

  • that it did not happen again.

  • So he tramped on until exercise and fresh air banished his headache, and his strength

  • and joy returned.

  • This happened to him every time, for Jurgis was still a creature of impulse, and his

  • pleasures had not yet become business.

  • It would be a long time before he could be like the majority of these men of the road,

  • who roamed until the hunger for drink and for women mastered them, and then went to

  • work with a purpose in mind, and stopped when they had the price of a spree.

  • On the contrary, try as he would, Jurgis could not help being made miserable by his

  • conscience.

  • It was the ghost that would not down. It would come upon him in the most

  • unexpected places--sometimes it fairly drove him to drink.

  • One night he was caught by a thunderstorm, and he sought shelter in a little house

  • just outside of a town.

  • It was a working-man's home, and the owner was a Slav like himself, a new emigrant

  • from White Russia; he bade Jurgis welcome in his home language, and told him to come

  • to the kitchen-fire and dry himself.

  • He had no bed for him, but there was straw in the garret, and he could make out.

  • The man's wife was cooking the supper, and their children were playing about on the

  • floor.

  • Jurgis sat and exchanged thoughts with him about the old country, and the places where

  • they had been and the work they had done.

  • Then they ate, and afterward sat and smoked and talked more about America, and how they

  • found it.

  • In the middle of a sentence, however, Jurgis stopped, seeing that the woman had

  • brought a big basin of water and was proceeding to undress her youngest baby.

  • The rest had crawled into the closet where they slept, but the baby was to have a

  • bath, the workingman explained.

  • The nights had begun to be chilly, and his mother, ignorant as to the climate in

  • America, had sewed him up for the winter; then it had turned warm again, and some

  • kind of a rash had broken out on the child.

  • The doctor had said she must bathe him every night, and she, foolish woman,

  • believed him. Jurgis scarcely heard the explanation; he

  • was watching the baby.

  • He was about a year old, and a sturdy little fellow, with soft fat legs, and a

  • round ball of a stomach, and eyes as black as coals.

  • His pimples did not seem to bother him much, and he was wild with glee over the

  • bath, kicking and squirming and chuckling with delight, pulling at his mother's face

  • and then at his own little toes.

  • When she put him into the basin he sat in the midst of it and grinned, splashing the

  • water over himself and squealing like a little pig.

  • He spoke in Russian, of which Jurgis knew some; he spoke it with the quaintest of

  • baby accents--and every word of it brought back to Jurgis some word of his own dead

  • little one, and stabbed him like a knife.

  • He sat perfectly motionless, silent, but gripping his hands tightly, while a storm

  • gathered in his bosom and a flood heaped itself up behind his eyes.

  • And in the end he could bear it no more, but buried his face in his hands and burst

  • into tears, to the alarm and amazement of his hosts.

  • Between the shame of this and his woe Jurgis could not stand it, and got up and

  • rushed out into the rain.

  • He went on and on down the road, finally coming to a black woods, where he hid and

  • wept as if his heart would break.

  • Ah, what agony was that, what despair, when the tomb of memory was rent open and the

  • ghosts of his old life came forth to scourge him!

  • What terror to see what he had been and now could never be--to see Ona and his child

  • and his own dead self stretching out their arms to him, calling to him across a

  • bottomless abyss--and to know that they

  • were gone from him forever, and he writhing and suffocating in the mire of his own

  • vileness!

  • >

CHAPTER 18

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