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  • You can understand Americans effortlessly and speak very natural English

  • when you study the way we're going to today.

  • We're going to study English with the movie Venom, and look at all the things that make spoken English difficult.

  • Linking, reductions, changing the sounds of a word.

  • When you study these things and you know them,

  • you're going to be so much more comfortable and confident speaking English.

  • Study like this and you're going to be able to understand American movies and TV without subtitles.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • We're doing this all summer, we started in June, and we're going through August.

  • Stick with me, every Tuesday.

  • They're all great scenes, and there's going to be so much to learn

  • that can transform the way you understand and speak English.

  • And as always, if you like this video, or you learned something new,

  • please like and subscribe with notifications.

  • You're going to watch the clip then we're going to do a full pronunciation analysis together.

  • This is going to help so much with your listening comprehension

  • when it comes to watching English movies in TV.

  • But there's going to be a training section. You're going to take what you've just learned,

  • and practice repeating it, doing a reduction, flapping a T, just like you learned in the analysis.

  • Okay, here's the scene.

  • You're in luck, I've decided to work pro bono.

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • Uh, the network asked me to bring the show back. Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • Oh, when? Really? So-what did you say?

  • Uh, I'm not, I'm not into it.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • And now, the analysis.

  • You're in luck, I've decided to work pro bono.

  • You're in luck-- You're in luck-- So if the melody starts lower, you're in luck--

  • it goes up for in, and comes back down as she finishes the word luck.

  • You're in luck-- you're in luck-- And everything links together, doesn't it?

  • There are no breaks, so we have this smooth change in pitch, this up down shape.

  • See if you can imitate that. We want a lot of smoothness in American English.

  • You're in luck--

  • You're in luck--

  • You're in luck--

  • This word 'you are' is not pronounced you're, but it's: yer yer, she reduces it.

  • That's the common pronunciation.

  • You can try to make it with no vowel: you're, you're, just a Y sound and an R sound:

  • you're, you're, you're, you're in luck, you're in luck.

  • You're in luck, you're in luck.

  • You're in luck, I've decided to work pro bono.

  • Luck, I've-- luck, I've-- ki've-- ki've-- ki've--

  • The K sound links right into the next word: I've with the AI diphthong, luck I've-- luck I've-

  • Luck, I've--

  • decided to work pro bono.

  • That word is unstressed. I've decided-- we have some of that up down shape there.

  • I've decided to work pro-- pro bono.

  • So some stress on pro, and also on bo, on pro, pro, it's going up, pro bono.

  • So we have three letters o there: pro bono, and they're all pronounced with the OH diphthong, oh, oh.

  • One mistake my students make sometimes is they'll say: oh, and they don't change the lip position,

  • oh, oh, we do need the change in the position, we go from more relaxed in the first sound,

  • to more rounded in the second sound, and that change is important. Pro bono. Pro bono.

  • I've decided to work pro bono.

  • I've decided to work pro bono.

  • I've decided to work pro bono.

  • I've decided to work- decided-- decided-- decided--

  • So the first syllable, said very quickly, de, de, and the last syllable said very quickly, ed, ed.

  • Decided. Decided. Decided. Uhhhh. The stress is really on that middle syllable. I've decided. I've decided.

  • I've decided--

  • Decide. So right from the D into a true T sound.

  • She wouldn't have to do that. It's common to drop it when the first sound is a D, the sound before is a D,

  • decided to--, decided to-- and just make it a schwa. But she does make a true T and then a schwa.

  • Decided to, decided to, decided to.

  • The important thing is that the vowel here is the schwa, and it's said very quickly.

  • It is unstressed. Decided to. I've decided to.

  • I've decided to--

  • to work pro bono.

  • Decided to work pro bono. Work also said pretty quickly. To work, to work, to work, to work.

  • This is a tricky word because it has the R vowel in it. Work.

  • One thing that can mess up my students is when they try to put a vowel in work, something like that.

  • It's just W consonant, think of there being no vowel, R sound, work, work,

  • you don't need much jaw drop for that. Work. Work.

  • See what happens for you if you take the vowel out. Work. Work.

  • Work--

  • pro bono.

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • What are her most stressed syllables in this next sentence?

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • I'm joining-- I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • So: join, pu--, fen, and ah--, all have the most stress.

  • The word I'm, I'm, AI diphthong, M. It's not fully pronounced here, I don't think. What do you think?

  • I'm joining--

  • I don't really hear the diphthong. I just hear the M consonant before the J.

  • I'm joining, mmmm, I'm joining, I'm joining.

  • It's a fairly common reduction. I'm joining. I'm joining.

  • I'm joining--

  • public defender's office.

  • So we have our stressed syllable join, then two unstressed syllables.

  • Ing the, ing the, ing the, ing the. I'm joining the public

  • I'm joining the public

  • I'm joining the public

  • I'm joining the public

  • Does it feel unnatural for you to make the pitch go up and down like this?

  • It might feel very strange to do that depending on your native language.

  • But that really helps with the native speakers understanding you because we're so used to that.

  • It might feel silly to you, but it's how we use the language. So don't be afraid to really change your pitch.

  • Joining the public. And joining the public. And joining the public.

  • That's what makes English clear to us. So challenge yourself to do that even if it feels silly.

  • I'm joining the public

  • I'm joining the public

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • Public de-- So this ends in a K sound.

  • I don't hear it released. I don't hear: public, public, public defenders.

  • I hear public de-- So the sound stops. She puts her tongue up into position for the K.

  • Public de-- but then rather than just releasing a puff of air, she goes right into the D sound.

  • Public defender's office.

  • Public defender's office.

  • Public defender's office.

  • Public defender's office.

  • This here, apostrophe S showing possession, the office of the defender, of the public defender, is a Z sound.

  • Defender's office. And it links right into the vowel.

  • Defender's office.

  • Defender's office.

  • Defender's office.

  • Vowel can either be the AW as in law vowel or the AH as in father vowel. Defender's office.

  • Defender's office.

  • Defender's office.

  • Defender's office.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • How does he stress this? What words seem the most clear to you?

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • Good, per--, ann-- that's what I hear. You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • Good person, Annie.

  • You're and a, both said very quickly.

  • You're a-- you're a-- you're a-- you're a—not: you're a-- you're a-- you're a-- you're a—

  • Very relaxed face. Very little jaw drop. You're a-- you're a-- you're a-- you're a--

  • I can do that without moving my jaw or my lips or my cheeks at all. It's just the tongue.

  • You're a-- you're a-- you're a-- you're a-- you're a—

  • See if you can do that. That kind of simplification of mouth movement is really important

  • to help you make these unstressed syllables very fast, to give them an unstressed feeling.

  • You're a-- you're a-- you're a good person.

  • You're a good person.

  • You're a good person.

  • You're a good person.

  • Good, good, good, good person. You know, even though I wrote this as stressed,

  • and I do think it has a bit of a stressed feel, it's actually pretty short, isn't it? Good, good, good, good, good.

  • There's not much of a vowel there.

  • This is the push vowel, uh, sugar, good,

  • but it's not good, it's good, good, good, good, good person, good person.

  • Good person--

  • Annie.

  • Good person, Annie. Nannie. The ending N links right onto the vowel AH.

  • This is what we want, we want this kind of linking. Good per--

  • these two sounds with no break in between.

  • You're a-- linked together: you're a good person, Annie.

  • Everything links together so smoothly.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • With this word, person, person, make sure you don't put a OH sound in there. That's the schwa.

  • Schwa N. When those two go together, you don't really try to make a vowel at all.

  • Person, son, son. Right from S into N. Person. Person, Annie.

  • Person, Annie.

  • Person, Annie.

  • Person, Annie.

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • So these are two different questions but she doesn't put any break in between. They link together.

  • What are our stressed words here?

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • What about-- A little stress on the question word. What about you?

  • What are you going to do?

  • So those are our peaks of stress, I would say. What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What about you? What about-- What about-- What about--

  • She says this really quickly, doesn't she? She links the two words together with a flap, wha-dadadadadada.

  • What about-- What about--

  • We can do that sound more quickly than a true T. What about-- What about-- What about--

  • And that's why it gets changed. Weyou would never hear a native speaker do that.

  • What about-- What about-- What about-- What aboutRarara

  • Just the tongue bouncing on the roof of the mouth. What about--

  • The first sound there is the schwa.

  • What a-- What a-- What a—What aboutWhat about you? About--

  • Stop T, so again, not about, about, about you, but a stop T, about, about, about you, about you.

  • What about you?

  • By changing those T pronunciations, we can say them more quickly,

  • and we can make the whole line more smooth

  • without stopping the air with a stop and release. That's what we want.

  • What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What about you?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • Said really quickly, isn't it? There's a little bit of up down shape, a little bit more length on what and you,

  • but then really, most of the stress on do.

  • What are you going to do? What are-- What are

  • Just like here, what about, with the flap T, here we also have a flap T. What areWhat are

  • The word are reduces to schwa R.

  • What areWhat areWhat areWhat arewhat are you-- what are you-- what are you--

  • Everything links together so smoothly, doesn't it?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • Going to, she pronounces that as gonna, very common reduction.

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • What are you going to do?

  • Uh, the network asked me to bring the show back.

  • Uhuh-- this is the sound we make when we're thinking.

  • What is the sound in your language that you make?

  • Uh-- it's very relaxed, open sounds, the uh as in butter vowel, uhuh

  • Uhuh

  • Uh, the network asked me to bring the show back.

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • I feel that those have that up down shape, the higher pitch,

  • and therefore feel more stressed. Let's look at the other syllables, the other words.

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • Thealmost always unstressed, said quickly. The network, the network, network.

  • Do you notice that's a stop T? That's because the next word is a consonant.

  • The network

  • The network

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • The network asked-- I don't really hear a released K here. If anything, I feel like it sounds almost like a light G.

  • The network asked-- the network askedkasked-- kasked-- kasked-- super light though, do not say: gassed.

  • The network asked-- The network asked--

  • Actually, I think it's going to work for you to think of it as a K or G. Either one, as long as it's extremely light,

  • and it links right into the vowel.

  • Kasked-- kasked-- kasked

  • The network asked--

  • The network asked--

  • The network asked--

  • The ED ending is a T when the sound before is unvoiced. The K is unvoiced, so the ED ending here is a T.

  • The network asked--

  • The network asked--

  • The network asked me to bring the show back.

  • So let's listen to: asked me to-- Do you hear the T in asked?

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Nope. I don't hear it. You know, it's common to drop the T when it comes between two other consonants.

  • Here, it comes between K and M. That sound is totally dropped. Asked me to-- asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Do you hear the K?

  • Asked me to

  • No. The K is also dropped.

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • Asked me to--

  • So what is happening here?

  • In the word ask, we have the AH vowel, S consonant, K consonant.

  • When we add the T, well, first, I should say ask. Did you ask him? I'll ask you later.

  • We would pronounce both of those sounds. But in the past tense, when we add the T.

  • I asked you to do that yesterday. Asked. Asked. When we add the T, we tend to drop the K sound.

  • Here, I'm linking into a word that begins with another consonant, the M,

  • and I often, it is the habit to drop the T very often between two other consonants.

  • So that also gets dropped.

  • So now it's just asas-- ask me-- ask me-- ask me to

  • By dropping some of those consonants, we can link more smoothly.

  • So just know asked, past tense, we're going to drop that K.

  • Pretty much always. Asked. Asked. Asked.

  • The T, we might also drop that T if the next word begins with a consonant like here, ask me, ask me.

  • Asked me-- asked me-- asked me to bring the show back.

  • Asked me to bring the-- asked me to-- me to-- me to-- me to

  • The word to gets changed, this becomes a flap.

  • I write that as a D. It sounds just like a d between vowels. Me to-- me to-- me to

  • And the OO vowel changes to the schwa, uh, uh, me toasked me to-- asked me to-- asked me to bring

  • Asked me to bring

  • Asked me to bring

  • Asked me to bring the show back.

  • Bring the-- little unstressed word, lower in pitch.

  • Bring the show back. Show back. And then the word back, just comes in on the downward pitch,

  • coming down from that peak in show. Show back.

  • Bring the show back.

  • Bring the show back.

  • Bring the show back.

  • Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • They want to start with a piece on Drake. Start, piece, Drake.

  • I hear those as our stressed syllables. The other words said pretty unclearly. Uh, they-- uh, they-- uh, they--

  • Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • This utterance, this thinking vowel goes right into the word they. This TH pretty unclear.

  • Uh, they-- uh, they-- uh, they-- uh, they-- uh, they--

  • Want to-- becomes wanna.

  • So all of these unstressed words are pretty unclear. Uh, they want to-- uh, they want to-- uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to-- Can you do that so simply, barely moving your mouth?

  • Pay attention. Pretend that your cheeks are frozen.

  • uh, they want touh, they want touh, they want to

  • What can you do with frozen cheeks? How much can you simplify those mouth movements

  • so that those words all feel really unstressed matching the way he does it?

  • Uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to

  • Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • Start with a piece-- start with a piece-- I love that rhythm. Stressed, then to unstressed, with a, with a, with a, with a, and then stressed. Dadadada.

  • Start with a piece-- start with a piece-- Think about that rhythm while you're doing this exercise.

  • Start with a piece. Start, stop T,

  • start with a, with a, with a, with a. Low in pitch, flat, said very quickly, linking together.

  • Start with a piece on

  • Start with a piece on

  • Start with a piece on

  • I barely even hear the TH. Start with a, with a, with a, with a, with a.

  • I'm going to say that that's like the voiced TH, that's unstressed, where the tongue tip doesn't come through.

  • It just comes to the back of the teeth. That's going to let you say that as quickly as he does.

  • And that sound links together right in with a schwa. With a, with a, with a, with a, start with a piece.

  • Start with a piece on

  • Start with a piece on

  • Start with a piece on Drake.

  • Piece on Drake. And then we have stressed, unstressed, stressed. And they link together.

  • The S feels like it begins the next word.

  • Piece on, son son son. Piece on Drake.

  • Piece on Drake.

  • Piece on Drake.

  • Piece on Drake.

  • Oh, when? Really? Sowhat did you say?

  • Oh, when? Really? Oh-- Up down shape. Oh, when? Really?

  • Very quiet and a little bit high, a little bit breathy.

  • Oh, when? Really? Not super well pronounced.

  • I think she's a little surprised.

  • Oh, when? Really?

  • Oh, when? Really?

  • Oh, when? Really? Sowhat did you say?

  • So-- she doesn't really say so with the OH diphthong it's more like suh suh,

  • I would maybe write that with a schwa. Suh-- she doesn't fully pronounce it. Just like these words were.

  • She was sort of saying things without saying them to him, they were just her reaction.

  • Here she's putting together what she wants to say. So--

  • and here's what she wants to say. She wants to put a question out there.

  • So--

  • What did you say?

  • What did you say? What did you say? What, the question word, and say have our stress.

  • What did-- so we have some interesting things happening here with the links.

  • When a word ends in T and the next word begins with a D, like:

  • what did, it's not uncommon to just drop that T sound and link it in.

  • Whawhawhat didwhat did-- So I would probably write that W, uh as in butter. Wuhduh--

  • and it links right into the D, which is a flap because it's between two vowels.

  • What didwhat didwhat didNow what happens with the D and the Y?

  • What did you say?

  • What did you say?

  • What did you say?

  • What did youdyadya-- the D when it's followed by you or your can be turned into a J sound,

  • JJ-- and that's what she does. She reduces the vowel in you to the schwa. So what did youbecomes:

  • what didya-- what didya-- what didya--

  • Do you hear how flat in pitch that is? Unstressed, less clear, quieter,

  • What did youWhat did youWhat did you say?

  • All linking together smoothly and the schwa linking right into the S of say. What did you say?

  • What did you say?

  • What did you say?

  • What did you say?

  • Uh, I'm not

  • UhuhAgain, that thinking vowel. Uh-- I'm not, I'm not, stop T.

  • More stress on I'm, I'm not, and then not comes in in the downward pitch. I'm not-- uh, I'm not

  • Uh, I'm not

  • Uh, I'm not

  • Uh, I'm not, I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it. I'm, in, the rest, a little bit unstressed. Dadadada-- I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not in-- not in-- not in-- I hear those two words linking together with a flap.

  • M right into N with no break. I'm not in-- what about this T?

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it. Into, into--

  • That gets turned into a D. Into-- into-- into--

  • There are a couple ways that we can reduce this word by changing a sound. We can say into,

  • we can also say into. I've heard both of those.

  • So he's doing: into, into, into, he's keeping the vowel OO. Into, into,

  • I'm not into it. Into it. Into--

  • and then the OO vowel links very smoothly into the IH as in sit vowel followed by a stop T. I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • So smooth, those changing those true T pronunciations into flaps or stops

  • really helps us smooth out English and we love that smoothness.

  • I think that's part of what makes it really hard for people to understand when they're learning English,

  • is everything is so smooth, it glides together so smoothly.

  • That is just one of the characteristics of American English.

  • I can totally understand how someone would listen to this phrase:

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • And not understand what they're saying.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I'm not into it.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • What are our most stressed syllables here?

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • I think those are our peaks of stress. I want to-- how are those words pronounced?

  • I want to— I want to— I want to

  • I want to-- I want to-- Said so fast. Want tobecomes wanna. I want to

  • I want to— I want to— I want to— I want to— I want toSo fast, isn't it? Try that.

  • I want to— I want to

  • I want to

  • That's really great contrast with the stress syllable con--. I wanna con--

  • we need that contrast in American English to be clear. I wanna con

  • I want to con

  • Concentrate. Cencen-- So this C is an S sound. Concentrate. Trate, trate, trate, concentrate.

  • Concentrate--

  • on the written word.

  • He could have connected those with a flap T. Concentrate on-- concentrate on--

  • but I actually don't hear that. I hear him making a stop and a little lift before moving on.

  • Concentrate on the written word. On the, on the, on the, on the, flat and low in pitch.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • On the written word. Writnn-- what's happening here? Wri-- the W is silent in this word.

  • Wri-- Oops, I totally wrote that wrong, didn't I?

  • We have the R consonant, IH vowel and then we have T schwa N.

  • And in this pattern T schwa N, the T is a stop T. Written. Written. Written.

  • So you put your tongue up into position for the T, you stop the air, writnn.

  • And then you just make an N sound.

  • You don't need to move your tongue because your tongue is already up at the roof of the mouth

  • for the T position. Written. Written. Written word.

  • Written word--

  • Word. Word. So this is just like work. The first sounds can be a little bit tricky,

  • but you don't really want to try to make a vowel because this vowel R combination just sounds like the R sound.

  • So it's wwrrdd, word, word, word, not much jaw drop needed for that sound, word.

  • Word.

  • And everything in that phrase links together really smoothly.

  • N right into W, no breaks, no leaps in pitch, just uhhh, this constant flow of sound.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • Concentrate on the written word.

  • Let's listen to the whole conversation one more time.

  • You're in luck, I've decided to work pro bono.

  • I'm joining the public defender's office.

  • You're a good person, Annie.

  • What about you? What are you going to do?

  • Uh, the network asked me to bring the show back. Uh, they want to start with a piece on Drake.

  • Oh, when? Really? Sowhat did you say?

  • Uh, I'm not, I'm not into it.

  • I want to concentrate on the written word.

  • Now for the fun part,

  • you'll look at the notes we took together and

  • you'll hear a part of the conversation on a loop three times.

  • Then there's a space for you to repeat.

  • For example, you'll hear this:

  • Maybe so, sir.

  • Then you'll repeat it: maybe so, sir.

  • Try to imitate everything about this exactly so when you see this,

  • then you'll repeat it. Maybe so, sir.

  • That's from Top Gun: Maverick, which was the first movie we studied in this summer series.

  • You'll also have the opportunity to listen and repeat in slow motion.

  • This will be important for you if you're more of a beginner,

  • or if you're having a hard time focusing on linking or the melody.

  • Maybe you'll want to do it both ways, but the important thing is

  • here is your opportunity to take what you learned and put it into your body and your own habit.

  • That's what's going to transform your speaking.

  • You might do well to work with the audio section of this video every day for a week.

  • Imitating the rhythm and the simplifications will get easier each time you do it.

  • If you can't keep up with the native speaker, do the slow-motion imitation.

  • Okay, here's our audio training section.

  • Don't forget to come back and do this audio again tomorrow and the next day.

  • You want to build habits here so you don't need to think about it so much when you're speaking in conversation.

  • You can focus on the words and not the expression or pronunciation.

  • Don't forget this is part of a series all summer long, 13 videos, 13 scenes for movies check out each one,

  • learn something new each time.

  • I make new videos on the English language every Tuesday and I'd love to have you back here again.

  • Please subscribe with notifications and continue your studies right now with this video.

  • And if you love this video, share it with a friend.

  • That's it guys and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

You can understand Americans effortlessly and speak very natural English

Subtitles and vocabulary

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