Name: Anna Melzer - The algorithmic beauty of plants | JSUnconf 2019
Uploaded: 2020-03-29T16:35:01.000Z
Duration: 22 min 41 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

Gerund

I'm a freelance JavaScript developer from Berlin.

But my background is actually in computational linguistics.

Computational linguistics is the signs of looking at natural language.

So the stuff that we human speak in a mathematical way trying to find patterns and rules, um, to do awesome stuff with it.

I want to talk about something called the Algorithmic Beauty of plans.

So when people talk about mathematical aspects of plans on the beauty of nature, you usually see those kind of images show up circular shapes with easy the recognizable repeating patterns.

She's spiral drawn on top of it to indicate the Golden national somewhere in the plant.

Uh, whether this is true on that, but this is what people usually talk about.

However, in this talk, I would like to give you another approach to seeing the mathematical.

And this approach actually starts with the human language.

So a common thing between people off all cultures in the world, it's that they use language to communicate, while those languages very wildly, quietly, there seems to be a common feature connecting them.

So, uh, humans speak to each other using languages.

They have different structures, different words.

But there's some similarities, and this is what linguistics is about.

So to give you an introduction to how we linguist look at language, Um, I say, Let's have a look at a couple of English sentences and see if we can find out what makes them sentences.

It's called America reviewed Peter's pull requests.

That sounds like a wonderful English sentence to us.

However, if we rearrange the word will request Marika, Peter's reviewed doesn't sound like an English language.

So if you have another native language than English or German, maybe a non European language this what structure might make sense to you.

But for English and German speakers, it usually doesn't.

So another sentence that isn't really ascendance is something like Jessica talks about.

There's something missing in the English language, so our brain gives us this kind off error message when we listen to that and you love with every message.

But actually we can observe something like this so when linguist tried to figure out what makes a sentence.

They have a couple of techniques techniques to check that, um, one technique uses eye tricking.

So when we read a sentence like this, um, the test subject eyes go back to the front of the sentence furiously looking for that missing information you even can put on then e k g to measure the brain waves.

See that there's a spike in it when it sentences under medical.

Um, the first sentence had a word order that we perceived as non grammatical.

This sentence is seems to be missing a word, but then their sentences where l brain doesn't throw an error message in a grammatical way, for example, of this sentence colors, green ideas sleep furiously.

It is a perfectly valid English sentence, but it doesn't make any sense.

Um, so they seem to be some rules that we can break and still maintain an English sentence in some that we can't, um and we want to figure out what is it that makes a sentence that developed English sent into that case.

Um, some of you had grandma studies in school on their return, some basics about their native language.

A gram is just a set of structural rules that tell us how a sentence a phrase, so sometimes even the word may be composed.

So it has nothing to do with so called press prescriptive grandma, where we say, What rules make a nice sentence?

And if you say that your teacher, if you say the other one, your teacher will say it's wrong.

But really just figuring out what throws the error messages and or a brain and what does?

Um, grammar has always been a part of learning a language.

So even 100 years ago, when people were studying different languages, they looked at the grandmother, looked at the word order, um, to figure out what is a good sentence and whatnot.

Looking at grammar and language is from mathematical angle actually started happening in the fifties.

So for our approach right now, we just agreed that the ground was a set of rules.

Hell, words maybe put together, um not nice sentences, not educated sentences, but just developed sentences.

Um, when I said it started in the fifties, it actually started mainly with this person.

He used to be a very important theoretical linguist.

I see a switch to politics and, uh, philosophy.

But he laid the groundwork for all mathematical approaches.

Um, it went this far over that we actually call this kind of grandma Chomsky grandma or Trump's key systems.

Um, and in a very short, uh, summary, he says that the grandma's a type of rewriting system that contains rules that tell us how words maybe put together to form a sentence.

It might sound complicated, but actually just search, search and replace symbols.

And that just means every occurrence off the symbol on the left hand side are this error.

So the S is replaced with a baby, not the other way around.

Yes, it's written here that you may be using already those kind of rewrite systems.

If you use auto former dust like pretty that replace every double quote with single quotes or the other way around.

More complex room would be the 2nd 1 So, um, only if the symbol A appears to the left of be replace it with C or even the 3rd 1 If A and B appeared together, replace them with C.

Um, and this is just This is hella rewrite.

Replace one thing with another, according to some logic.

And with us, we already can build as a grandma for human language.

Jessica talks, and we have two types off words in the sentence.

It's a word that identifies a person, an animal, a place, a thing or an idea.

It's one of the main parts off any sentence or any language.

If you will always find works in languages, they're like functions.

Uh, talking is kind of a function of the object.

Jessica and they really tie the information together that we're having like a really real sentence or question can't work without a work.

Of course, some exceptions, but in general the verb is the important thing.

Um, this is how important these action parts of speech are.

The probe's signals in action and accordance or state of being, whether mental, physical, mechanical, Uh, somehow there's an activity expressed so a simple rule for English sentence would be.

A sentence is a noun full of fiber, so we would have a record like this have signed a symbol for ascendance.

I could replace them with mounted verb, and this allows us some simple sentences like Jessica talks or Florencia dances.

Um, but we reached the borders of our grandma pretty fast, was just the dog barks or Florencia dances with a broomstick.

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Anna Melzer - The algorithmic beauty of plants | JSUnconf 2019

specific

approach

phrase

straight