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  • please go to the line the computer guy dot com, in order to view schematics, code and Maur for the projects that you are learning about.

  • Welcome back.

  • So in today's video, I'm going to show you how to add users.

  • How do delete users, and then how to modify user profiles of doing things like changing passwords for user's?

  • Now, the important thing to understand in the Lenox World is that doing these types of tasks and athleticsworld Onley seem complicated because it's so much simpler than the Windows world.

  • So if your deal used to dealing with Windows administration, especially in an active directory environment, there are so many amazing things that you could do with user accounts in the Windows world, right?

  • And so when you go toe Lennox, you're expected to be able to do all those amazing things and Lennox, and then you think you just don't know how to do it, and then you get frustrated and then you give up.

  • The reality is that in the Lenox world, basically how users work, how groups work and how permissions work is a hell of a lot simpler than the Windows world.

  • So if you over.

  • Think it if you try to make it more complicated than it actually is, that is going to run you into problems.

  • So I'm going to show you how to use the ad user to command.

  • So basically, using the ad user command allows you to add users to the system.

  • I'm going to show you how to change passwords so had a change of your own password and how to change passwords for somebody else.

  • I want to show you something called the password file In the past.

  • Booed Pet Food file in the E T C.

  • Directory.

  • This excellent contains all of your user accounts so you can go there and see what users are in your Lennox system so you can make sure if they're there or if they need to be removed.

  • Um, I can show you how to use something called a C H f in the command.

  • So basically, what this is going to do is it's going to allow you to change the profile of the user within Lennox.

  • I'm going to show you something called User Maat.

  • We're not actually going to use user maat today.

  • User Maat is a nice little command allows you to do things like has a lock user account.

  • So that might be useful for you that I'm going to show you how to delete a user and then won the important things that cleanup task is.

  • I'm going to show you how to remove three user profile directory that is created when Lennox creates a profile to begin with.

  • This is one of those important things that again, this could become one of those maintenance issues where, when you create a user account Lennox it creates a folder for the profile in the Home Directory with all the profile information one of the weird things in the Lenox world kind of like not really sure why that happens, I suppose that there's a reason is that when you delete the user account, it doesn't even give you an option for deleting that profile directory s.

  • So you simply have to go and then actually remove the directory manually to make sure you don't get bogged up with a whole bunch of old user directories that aren't of any value anymore.

  • So that let's go to the computer and we'll show you how these commands work in the Lenox world.

  • And again, the important thing to remember here is that Lennox, when it comes to users, is a lot easier, a lot more simple than the Windows world.

  • So if you're running into problems, the issue most likely is is you're overthinking things, and so just try to roll it back of it.

  • Try, think about doing things a little bit more simply, and you'll most likely be able to figure out what you need to do.

  • So with that, let's go over to the machine and I'll show you how this works.

  • So here we are, at my a bunch of server again.

  • We're using 18.4 point three for this demonstration.

  • But add User has basically been the same for decades and will most likely be the same for another decade or two.

  • So you really shouldn't run into any issues if you're using a different version of the U Bahn to server operating system so that I'm not a log in a semi made account that I've been using is his account called Bob and the password is 123456 because that's what makes my life better well again on we get the normal screen.

  • So what I'm going to do is I'm gonna do clear to clear the screen so that we get back to a blank screen, eh?

  • So the first thing that I want to do here is I'm going to do an ad user.

  • So all I need to do is pseudo super user Duke.

  • So we need to escalate our privileges up to that roof level of dilated do things, and then we're going to pad user.

  • Nice.

  • Nice, simple command.

  • Nice.

  • Simple.

  • Lennox Command, you're going to add a user and the command is add user, you can't make it any more easy than that.

  • And we're going to add a user.

  • Let's say, Tim, we're gonna have the user 10 and then we're going to hit.

  • Enter.

  • Eso is going to ask us this right here.

  • We're asking for the password for Bob, so it is important when you're doing this, you're gonna be asked for passwords in different places.

  • And so you do have to keep in mind.

  • What password?

  • They're asking for something.

  • So for this, they're asking for my password.

  • And my password is 123456 en ERM So adding, adding Tim, it's created.

  • Tim created the directory for 10 so on so forth.

  • So it's here.

  • It's creating home directory.

  • So Thames Profile director is going to be home.

  • 10.

  • Then it's asking.

  • Now Inter knew you and ex password at this point.

  • It's now asking for the password for Tim.

  • What is Tim's past?

  • We're going to be and we're gonna make this simple.

  • 123456 I'm going to ask to retyped 123456 and we're going to hit in.

  • So from this point and asks us for some profile information now it is important here.

  • Depending on what you're doing with your particular server, you can leave this all blank.

  • None of the rest that matters.

  • The only thing that really matters is the user name and password.

  • That is what is actually useful for Lennox.

  • The rest of this is basically a little house keeping things.

  • So you know, if you're building the server on these user accounts or actual employees in your company, you may want to plug in information hair, but honestly, again, if this is simply a Web server, and you simply need a couple of user accounts in order to do a different type of maintenance tasks.

  • I would argue more or less to leave this blank, but we can do go here.

  • We could simply say, This is Tim Mick Coolio 10 9 Coolio That is his full name.

  • Then it's as going ask for his room number.

  • Make his room number to his phone number one one one hyphen to to to life in 3333 Home phone.

  • No merchant to 2-333 hyphens 4444 And in our other.

  • Hey, um, you know, whatever other information again, this is one thing.

  • If you do create a user account for things like service is something like that in this other here, you might actually want to just put a comment of Hey, this user account was created for email service is something like that, because that that could be useful again.

  • One thing you have to be remembering whenever you build a Lennox system, whenever you build anything for infrastructure, it's not about you.

  • Maintain you.

  • It's not about whether you can maintain it a year or two from now.

  • It's about when you leave the company or organization and somebody else has to come in behind you and figure out what the hell's going on.

  • Can they know what's going on?

  • So if you put a comment in here again for any kind of user account you're creating for service is that can make it there alive a hell of a lot easier.

  • Not to mention I'll just put this in there.

  • Not to mention that a lot of times you forget things that you don't think you're gonna forget.

  • So three years from now, when you come back to maintain this system, uh, having put your own notes there might actually make it a little more helpful for you to sew.

  • The other is just simply for a note thing we hit Enter.

  • Is this information correct?

  • Yes.

  • Andi said, play it.

  • Go back to the problem.

  • That's really Uh oh, there is.

  • There s o.

  • We do clear.

  • One of things we can look at now is we're gonna get something called the password file s O.

  • We can do them, so we're simply going to use them.

  • So I'm not doing pseudo them because I do not plan to edit the password file.

  • That's important thing.

  • Remember, pseudo vim will allow you edit the password file for a lot of these files by simply using him.

  • It will open it up as a read only.

  • And again, this is something that could be useful just to make sure you don't fat finger something if you If you open something as read, only then if nothing else and you know you can't screw it up.

  • All right?

  • So I'm gonna open up his read only eso forward slash forward slash is the root directory.

  • E T.

  • C.

  • Is the folder under route on.

  • Then there's a file called Past that P a s s w d.

  • Because, of course it iss they can't just make a password file.

  • Don't be ridiculous on then.

  • We're going on.

  • So we open this up.

  • Hey, hey.

  • We got a whole bunch of ever making here that probably looks like gobble to give to you.

  • But these are in fact, all of the user accounts that are currently on this Olynyk system, and it gives you some information about these accounts and again, one of things you'll notice is Damon been Insists games L P news, right.

  • All of these user accounts are used for specific service is in the Lenox operating system on.

  • So again, it is a good practice to think about that.

  • If you create a specific user account to do a specific task, it makes it harder for the system to be hacked right again.

  • You think about it with it with hacking.

  • And basically hackers will use all the permissions that are given to something.

  • Right.

  • So you give one user account a whole bucket permissions again, that whole thank you.

  • One user account route permissions to a server.

  • And then if a hacker can compromise that one route account, they basically owned the server.

  • Uh, the same is true with giving a user accounts lesser lesser permissions, right.

  • If you give one user account permission over FTP and permission over you know SMTP and permission over a number of different things that if a hacker can compromise that one account, then not only do they get access to FTP, but they also get access to SMTP and they might get access to my sequel and they might get access to enough things that they can then hack around and get access to the whole system.

  • So if you create specific accounts to do specific tests, that is one way to try and make the system a little bit more secure.

  • But we go down here again, we can take a look.

  • And so in blue is light blue on the left hand side.

  • These are the user names, these air, the user names for the accounts on.

  • If we go all the way down, we can see Bob.

  • So, Bob is the account that I use.

  • We can see the full name of Bob is simply Bob.

  • His home directory is home.

  • Bob been bashed.

  • Don't worry about that.

  • Uh, then I created a account Ralph screwed around created account.

  • Ralph again.

  • We go over here, see his full name is Ralph home.

  • Ralph, uh, when we come down here to Tim, that account that we just created and we go over here Tim Coolio.

  • He's in room number to his phone numbers 11 what?

  • His home phone number is 2 to 2 and the comment is Hey, Mom!

  • And again.

  • So that's something to be thinking about with with using using that little comment there again?

  • If you create a specific account with in order to do something, somebody could come into the password file.

  • Go.

  • Oh, OK, so this account was created to do X, y or Z.

  • And so that's really all there is to the password file.

  • And this is an easy way to go in, see if an account has been created, and then and then go from there and take a look at the information so that since this is them, all we're going to Dio is we're going to do Colon Q.

  • So Colin acu will quit us out of them.

  • Since we haven't done any modifications, we don't need to do a force What we don't need to do to save quit because we haven't modified.

  • I think so.

  • I can simply do cool and Q and we can't get out.

  • This s Oh, there we go.

  • So now we're back at the bob screen, so it's important to understand.

  • So if we take a look at this, we are in the user account Bob at server.

  • So this, uh, this host name the server name of the server is server and we're at the Bob user account.

  • So one thing just take a look at is we can exit out of Bob user account and we come back here.

  • And so we created the TEM user account so I could log in as 10.

  • You can ask for the password 1 to 6 hit, enter and hey, now, I, um, long as 10.

  • Now, the important thing again something to be thinking about is when you're logged into a system.

  • So if you sit down at a system and it's already been logged in again, horrible security procedure, don't do that.

  • Don't do that.

  • Always log out of the system.

  • But just in case you sit down the system, maybe we're doing maintenance tasks before you forget who you're along down as if you come up here.

  • This is your user account at the server name.

  • So you could just verify that you're using the right user account from here if I want to do something.

  • So it has changed my password.

  • So now a log is in this town.

  • So I give Tim the default password.

  • Everybody has the password.

  • 123456 So, 10 when you log in your password is 123456 But you need to change your password once you belong down.

  • So all 10 has to do is use the past.

  • The past Would P A S s W A T.

  • Commander.

  • The password command password to command is what allows you to change your password.

  • So you hit.

  • Enter.

  • So it ask for the current units Password.

  • So I 123456 is the current UNIX password.

  • I hit Return.

  • It asked for a new password s only do.

  • 1234567 is the new password.

  • Retired.

  • 1234567 is the new units Password Bad new and old passwords are too similar.

  • Well, there you go.

  • Actually was.

  • Wasn't expecting, but a That just goes to show you there.

  • There is a little bit of stuff there.

  • And Lennox eso inter new units Password?

  • I don't know.

  • We'll do you 1 65 times.

  • 123456 123456 New password cannot be a palindrome.

  • Okay, well, this, uh, this gala more, more, more interesting.

  • Here, let me get a p a s s w o r d p a s test of you o r d password updated.

  • Successful.

  • Well, there you go.

  • So now I can use my password, password eso again, these air the little stupid things that you can run into the Lenox world, That is that is a lesson for you that I wasn't expecting to give you.

  • So get something that you may run into.

  • So the the command in order to change your own password is P A s S W D.

  • You put in your old password, and then you put in your new password.

  • Can't be too similar.

  • Can apparently be a palindrome like, Seriously, where the hell did?

  • Can't be a palindrome come from?

  • That's default.

  • I didn't do that.

  • But anyways, that he got plugged into something that they want to God's like.

  • And then your passwords.

  • Okay, so from here, let me show you how to change a password for a user.

  • Us.

  • We're gonna exit out, and we're gonna live back in his box.

  • So Bob is our route is our administrator account.

  • 123456 And so now let us trade the password for Tim.

  • So again, let's say we need to get into Thames account or whatever else.

  • And so if we're here in order to change the password for the user, we're going to a pseudo super user.

  • Do escalate the privileges, then we're going to do P A s s W A d for password, and that is the command.

  • And then we're going to do with the user account that we are changing the password for.

  • Then, from there we simply hit, enter, enter a new UNIX password.

  • And so, for this, all we're gonna do is the new password for 10 months.

  • So this is Tim's password.

  • We're just gonna put him back to 123456 to make my life easier.

  • 123456 Time re type 123456 Inner password updated successfully.

  • So if you want to change your own password, the simple command is P A S s W d.

  • If you are the route user, the administrative user, in order to change the password for somebody else, is pseudo password on.

  • Then whatever the user account name.

  • That is for Tim.

  • Now let us go and take a look at the change, basically being able to change the profile if we want to change things.

  • So with that, let's clear the screen again.

  • And for here, we're going to change a Thames profile.

  • So we're onto pseudo see page f n on.

  • Then we're going to do the user account, so we're gonna do temp.

  • And so when we do this, basically it comes up here.

  • And so it gives us the full name.

  • So it's Kim MCU Leo, and we're gonna leave Tima Coolio as it is.

  • Then it's gonna ask for the room number and say, Well, we're going to swap him over to room number seven.

  • It's going to ask for the password or the the phone numbers we're gonna put in 8887779999 We're gonna go down the home phone number.

  • Let's just say that's the same.

  • Any other information?

  • We're just gonna leave that the same.

  • And then there we go.

  • If we go, we take a look at that password file.

  • So we're gonna take a look at them E T c p a S s W d.

  • We can now open this up.

  • And as we can see, this user profile information has been changed for 10 Coolio.

  • He is now in room number seven.

  • His phone number is now 8887779999 s O l on and so forth.

  • So you can see that information so that let us get out of here.

  • Oops.

  • Let's get out here again.

  • Colin Cube.

  • That is what will quit us out of them if we have not made any modifications.

  • Do clear to clear the screen.

  • And now I just want to show you a little bit of the user.

  • Maat command.

  • So with the user, Maat Command, what we're gonna do is we're gonna do Sue do that.

  • We're going to user mod and then, Max, you're gonna do anything here.

  • I'm just gonna do Sue Dio User Maat Tim on When you do this, you're actually gonna get kind of like a man paid is gonna give me some information for the user Maat.

  • And from here, you can see the different options to be thinking about with user Maat.

  • And so when you take a look at it for usage s o you have user mod, then you put in options than you put in long.

  • So how this normally should be a su dio user mod And then, you know, hyphen See hyphen d hyphen e put all the options in there, and then you put a log in information.

  • We're not gonna worry about that right now.

  • One of things I didn't want to show you with the user mon commanded that I do think is interesting and something that you might want to look at is you can actually a walk the user account.

  • So again, one of things to be thinking about is you create user accounts.

  • Sometimes you no longer want the user account to be used, but you don't necessarily want it to be deleted.

  • Maybe it's a user cow for doing migrations.

  • Maybe it's user account for you doing preventive maintenance, something like that.

  • That's one of things you do is you can come in here and you can actually walk the user account, and then later you can come back and on a lot easier account.

  • And so these are just some of the options that are available to you with with the user profiles that you may not have seen before.

  • And just again, one those random things to think about whether or not you use them very often, so that let us clear the screen again and I will show you how to actually go about deleting users.

  • And so, from here, all we have to dio is we're gonna delete a 10 user.

  • And so we look at take a look at this and we're currently logged in as Bob at server.

  • And so what we're gonna do is we're going to delete the 10 user account we do is D E l user and then whoever it is 10 pseudo del user Tim, Then we're going to hit inner removing Tim Warning Group 10 Tim has no more members done.

  • So basically, now wth ito user account has been deleted.

  • But I want to show you something here.

  • So let me do the PWD command to show us where rat when a change directory, I'm going to go up to the home directory and I will do l s hell and list the directories that are still up in the home directory.

  • What will notice is we still have Bob which is us.

  • We have so of Ralph user account we have dealt with today.

  • But the Tim the TEM folder is still there.

  • You still have that on my profile for her there.

  • And so we are going to want to delete that Tim profile for her.

  • So what we can d'oh then is we can use the pseudo r M hyphen R F command.

  • So basically, thio sux do and remove is removed.

  • This is the command to remove the directory, and they would do hyphen R F.

  • And so why we're going to do hyphen R F is because the directory actually has stuff in it.

  • So when Lennox creates a profile directory will then populate that profile directory with different files that are required for a profile.

  • So you simply do what the R M command without the extra extra arguments it will fail out because it's not an empty folder.

  • So we use hyphen R f on this will go through and it will remove everything, removed the folder and everything in it.

  • And then from here, what we're going to do is the path, so it's gotta be home, and then it's going be 10.

  • So again, it's important to be thinking about, especially whenever you do something like remove command is Make sure you put put in the exact path that you're going for that time that time eso here again.

  • So from the root directory, the home folder in the root directory.

  • And then we went to delete the 10 before older in the home for So wherever you're at, you could do that.

  • You press enter, it's now done.

  • We do l s hyphen.

  • L you can see that we now have the bob full order and we have a raft folder.

  • So Tim is now entirely gone.

  • And that's the basic idea about how to add users.

  • Had a change.

  • Passwords how to change users, profiles, understanding the past Would the p a.

  • S s w a DEA file a little bit.

  • How did believe the user and then how to delete the profile for order for the user once they've been removed.

  • So again, overall, relatively simple.

  • On the main thing they're going to run into is in the Windows world.

  • You could do a whole bunch more.

  • And so one of the big problems people run into is they think about Lennox as if they're dealing with Windows, and then then they basically try to make things more complicated than they actually are.

  • And so that's really all there is to the basic user administration and Lennox.

  • So there you go now, to be clear, Are we clear?

  • It is Lennox.

  • It is Lennox.

  • So there's 20,000 Maur things you can do so many arguments, so many options, so much to be polite idiocy that you could do if you really want to get into it.

  • So if you were interested about the different things that you could do with user accounts, you can go when you can take a look.

  • One of the things that I would warn you about again in the real world of Lennox is really ask yourself if you want to be creating Lennox accounts from the command line or you do you want to use some other type of software in order to create user accounts again?

  • There's something called Samba Samba is oh, basically Lennox's version of an active directory server, and so one of things that you may be thinking about is like, Oh, cool on that, create all these user accounts.

  • But remember, you're creating these directly in the Lenox operating system and one of questions to really ask yourself, Is that really what you want to do, or do you want to do it?

  • Add an additional piece of software pieces of software or something like samba or some kind of other user accounts on for and actually run your user accounts through that additional software?

  • I would argue that's probably what you're going to do at the end of the day.

  • Three idea being is those additional layers of software.

  • When you add a user account there, they may add user account to the password file and Lennox, but they'll also do 20 other different tasks, right?

  • You create a user account in some or something else, and not only does it create a user account, but it also creates an email account.

  • And also does this.

  • Does this Does this does this does this?

  • And so that is a more effective way of dealing with user accounts and Lennox infrastructure than simply adding users at the command line.

  • But this can be very useful again from a security standpoint, creating user accounts that it can only do specific things within the Lenox operating system that could be valuable or if you're playing around and doing other things, like possibly like if you create an FTP server.

  • So let's say you want users to be able to upload to to your Lennox server for whatever reason, so that you Korean FTP server In that situation, you may create users at the command line for all of your different FTP users.

  • Basically, when they log in, they will think it dumped to wherever the profile tells them to get.

  • Don't That's something that you might do with a command line creating users, deleting users.

  • But generally you generally I would not be creating creating a lot of the user accounts again from that infrastructures type standpoint just from the command line.

  • So that's just something to keep in mind.

  • But really, that's all there is to it again.

  • And add User, you got the password P A S s W D.

  • Command.

  • So with that command, you can change your own password or again, if you're logged in as the route, you could change passwords for other users, E T c slash password P.

  • A s s W D file that continues the information for all your user accounts so you can go there, see all the user accounts that are on the system.

  • You can see all of that.

  • It is additional information again, I would say, Really think about writing notes for or comments for why you're creating specific user accounts that that could be useful when you go back to try to clean up a system again, imagine Olynyk system.

  • For whatever reason, you're creating users at the command line right When you create five or six users, it's no big deal.

  • It's very easy to keep track up, but you should think about what happens.

  • We create 50 users.

  • What happens when you create 200 users?

  • What happens when it's three or four years from now and you're going back and you're looking to do maintenance and just get rid of old user accounts by simply having little notes to say why the hell user account existed?

  • That could be a very useful thing.

  • Again, I show you the C A F in a command that allows you to change the profile information.

  • If that's something that you want to dio, I should be that user mod command.

  • We didn't actually use the user mon command, but that's where you could do things like you can lock and use your account.

  • If you want Thio again, that might be very valuable.

  • So you have to delete a user.

  • And then again, remember, just because you delete the user account doesn't mean the profile folder has been deleted and again from a friend of made of Stanton preventive meeting and standpoint out hard, highly argued to delete those profile folders.

  • Or you could just get a whole big old massive profile fours and you could run to some issues.

  • So those were some things to think about, adding and the leading users and being able to manage users on Lenox system.

  • As always, I enjoy doing this video and look forward to the next one.

please go to the line the computer guy dot com, in order to view schematics, code and Maur for the projects that you are learning about.

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