Vocabulary

  • have to: Must do
  • to do with: To be about something; concern
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • bring on: To cause to appear, e.g. onto a stage
  • suffer from: To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
  • have at: To attack someone or something.
  • at least: As a minimum
  • in addition to: Besides; as well as
  • the following: Next in order or sequence.
  • in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
  • think about: To consider something carefully.
  • episode: One separate event in a series of events
  • intense: Very strong, great or extreme in degree
  • fatigue: Breaking due to being moved or bent many times
  • process: To organize and use data in a computer
  • susceptible: Likely to fall prey to, be drawn to or influenced
  • trigger: Lever on a gun that you pull to fire
  • experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
  • immediately: Without any delay; straight away
  • disorder: State of confusion or a lack of organization
  • severe: Very bad; harsh
  • sensation: (Person) attracting the interest of many people
  • typically: In a normal or usual way
  • treat: To pay for the food or enjoyment of someone else
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • identify: To indicate who or what someone or something is
  • correlation: The relationship between two variables
  • concentrate: To cause to be present in large amount or number
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • nausea: Feeling of sickness so that you feel like vomiting
  • frustrating: To make annoyed because things don't go well
  • suffer: To experience pain, illness, or injury
  • occur: To come to pass or to happen
  • intensity: Great energy, strength, or concentration
  • draw: To attract attention to someone or something
  • moderate: To host a meeting or panel discussion
  • genetic: Of, relating to, or controlled by genes
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • cause: Belief, goal or organization that people support
  • involve: To have or be included as a part of something
  • release: To free someone from a responsibility or burden
  • result: Something produced through tests or experiments
  • board: Surface for posting or showing information
  • vision: Ability to see; eyesight
  • hangover: Ill feeling from drinking too much alcohol
  • emphasis: Special attention, importance, or force
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • visual: Of or relating to vision
  • nerve: Fibers in the body that enable feeling, movement
  • linger: To take your time doing something; hang around
  • sensory: Referring to the physical senses
  • activity: An action or task, e.g. sports, washing clothes
  • stage: To organize an event to gain public interest
  • activate: To cause to happen; cause a chemical reaction
  • reduction: Act of making something smaller
  • genetically: Caused or controlled, or by genes
  • pain: Strong feeling of hurt or discomfort
  • yawn: Opening the mouth wide and take a deep breath
  • program: To make someone act or think in a certain way
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • last: Final; with nothing following; after all others
  • medication: Substance to relieve pain or cure sickness
  • nucleus: Center of an atom
  • limb: Leg, arm, branch or wing
  • infuse: To soak tea, etc. in hot water, oil etc.
  • gene: Part of cell controlling development of a thing
  • dysfunction: Failure to act as expected, as in a social context
  • aura: Distinctive feeling or mood coming from a person
  • headache: Pain in the head
  • tingle: Feeling as if small needles are in your skin
  • migraine: Severe headache often with feelings of sickness
  • dilation: Act of making (eyes) more open or expanded
  • certify: To approve someone as authorized, valid
  • neurologist: Doctor specializing in the nervous system
  • pre: A prefix meaning 'before'
  • peptide: Amide derived from two or more amino acids
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    • activate

      US /ˈæktəˌvet/

      UK /ˈæktɪveɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause to happen; cause a chemical reaction
      • To make something start working
      B1
      More
    • at least

      US /æt list/

      UK /æt li:st/

      • Adverb
      • As a minimum
      • Not less than
      • Phrase
      • No less than; at the minimum
      • Used to indicate that something is positive in a bad situation.
      C2
      More
    • aura

      US /ˈɔrə/

      UK /'ɔ:rə/

      • Noun
      • Distinctive feeling or mood coming from a person
      B2
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • bring on

      US /brɪŋ ɑn/

      UK /briŋ ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To cause to appear, e.g. onto a stage
      A1
      More
    • cause

      US /kɔz/

      UK /kɔ:z/

      • Noun
      • Belief, goal or organization that people support
      • Reason for
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something happen; create effect or result
      A2
      More
    • certify

      US /ˈsɜ:rtɪfaɪ/

      UK /ˈsɜ:tɪfaɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To approve someone as authorized, valid
      • To confirm the truth or reality of something
      B2
      More
    • concentrate

      US /ˈkɑnsənˌtret/

      UK /'kɒnsntreɪt/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause to be present in large amount or number
      • To pay great attention to a task; focus
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A substance made by removing water or other diluents; a concentrated form of something.
      A2
      More
    • correlation

      US /ˌkɔrəˈleʃən, ˌkɑr-/

      UK /ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The relationship between two variables
      • A statistical measure that expresses the extent to which two variables are linearly related (meaning they change together at a constant rate).
      B1
      More
    • dilation

      US /daɪ'leɪʃn/

      UK /daɪ'leɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • Act of making (eyes) more open or expanded
      C1
      More
    • disorder

      US /dɪsˈɔrdɚ/

      UK /dɪs'ɔ:də(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • State of confusion or a lack of organization
      • Illness when the body is not functioning well
      • Transitive Verb
      • To disrupt the order or arrangement of something.
      B2
      More
    • dysfunction

      US /dɪsˈfʌŋkʃən/

      UK /dɪs'fʌŋkʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Failure to act as expected, as in a social context
      • Impairment of normal physiological function.
      B2
      More
    • emphasis

      US /ˈɛmfəsɪs/

      UK /ˈemfəsɪs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Special attention, importance, or force
      • Stress placed on part of a word or phrase
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • episode

      US /ˈɛpɪˌsod/

      UK /'epɪsəʊd/

      • Noun
      • One separate event in a series of events
      • Show which is part of a larger story
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • fatigue

      US /fəˈtiɡ/

      UK /fəˈti:g/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Breaking due to being moved or bent many times
      • Being very tired
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause someone or something to become very tired
      B2
      More
    • frustrating

      US /frʌˈstretɪŋ/

      UK /frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make annoyed because things don't go well
      • To prevent (someone) from accomplishing something.
      • Adjective
      • Annoying because things don't go the way you want
      • Serving to frustrate.
      B1
      More
    • gene

      US /dʒin/

      UK /dʒi:n/

      • Noun
      • Part of cell controlling development of a thing
      B1
      More
    • genetic

      US /dʒəˈnɛtɪk/

      UK /dʒəˈnetɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Of, relating to, or controlled by genes
      • Relating to genes or heredity.
      B1
      More
    • genetically

      US /dʒə'netɪklɪ/

      UK /dʒə'netɪklɪ/

      • Adverb
      • Caused or controlled, or by genes
      • By means of genes or genetic engineering.
      B1
      More
    • hangover

      US /ˈhæŋoʊvər/

      UK /ˈhæŋəʊvə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Ill feeling from drinking too much alcohol
      C1
      More
    • have at

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To attack someone or something.
      • To begin doing something with enthusiasm.
      A1
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • headache

      US /ˈhed.eɪk/

      UK /ˈhed.eɪk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Pain in the head
      • Something that causes worry or annoyance.
      B2
      More
    • identify

      US /aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ/

      UK /aɪ'dentɪfaɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To indicate who or what someone or something is
      • To say exactly what something is
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • in addition to

      US /ɪn əˈdɪʃən tu/

      UK /in əˈdiʃən tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Besides; as well as
      • Phrase
      • Besides; as well as.
      • Furthermore; moreover.
      B1
      More
    • in fact

      US /ɪn fækt/

      UK /in fækt/

      • Adverb
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
      • Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
      C1
      More
    • infuse

      US /ɪnˈfjooz/

      UK /ɪnˈfju:z/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To soak tea, etc. in hot water, oil etc.
      • To cause to fill up with a feeling or quality
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • intense

      US /ɪnˈtɛns/

      UK /ɪn'tens/

      • Adjective
      • Very strong, great or extreme in degree
      • Experiencing or showing great force or strength; extreme.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • intensity

      US /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/

      UK /ɪn'tensətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Great energy, strength, or concentration
      • The quality of being intense; the degree or amount of strength, force, etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • involve

      US /ɪnˈvɑlv/

      UK /ɪn'vɒlv/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To have or be included as a part of something
      • To cause (a person or group) to take part in an event or activity.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • limb

      US /lɪm/

      UK /lɪm/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Leg, arm, branch or wing
      • Part of something that extends out over an area
      B1
      More
    • linger

      US /ˈlɪŋɡɚ/

      UK /ˈlɪŋgə(r)/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To take your time doing something; hang around
      B2
      More
    • medication

      US /ˌmɛdɪˈkeʃən/

      UK /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Substance to relieve pain or cure sickness
      B2
      More
    • migraine

      US /ˈmaɪˌɡren/

      UK /ˈmi:greɪn/

      • Noun
      • Severe headache often with feelings of sickness
      C1
      More
    • moderate

      US /ˈmɑdərɪt/

      UK /ˈmɒdərət/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To host a meeting or panel discussion
      • To make something less violent, severe, or strong
      • Adjective
      • Being average in quantity or size
      B1
      More
    • nausea

      US /ˈnɔziə, -ʒə, -siə, -ʃə/

      UK /ˈnɔ:ziə/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Feeling of sickness so that you feel like vomiting
      • A feeling of revulsion; disgust.
      B2
      More
    • nerve

      US /nɚv/

      UK /nə:v/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Fibers in the body that enable feeling, movement
      • Courage to do something that is difficult or risky
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To summon one's courage; brace oneself.
      A2
      More
    • neurologist

      US /nʊˈrɑ:lədʒɪst/

      UK /njʊəˈrɒlədʒɪst/

      • Noun
      • Doctor specializing in the nervous system
      B2
      More
    • nucleus

      US /ˈnu:kliəs/

      UK /ˈnju:kliəs/

      • Noun
      • Center of an atom
      • Control center of a cell
      B2
      More
    • occur

      US /əˈkɚ/

      UK /əˈkɜ:(r)/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To come to pass or to happen
      • To be found to exist; to be present.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • peptide

      US /ˈpɛpˌtaɪd/

      UK /ˈpeptaɪd/

      • Noun
      • Amide derived from two or more amino acids
      C1
      More
    • pre

      US

      UK

      • Prefix
      • A prefix meaning 'before'
      B2
      More
    • process

      US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/

      UK /prə'ses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To organize and use data in a computer
      • To deal with official forms in the way required
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Dealing with official forms in the way required
      • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • reduction

      US /rɪˈdʌkʃən/

      UK /rɪ'dʌkʃn/

      • Noun
      • Act of making something smaller
      B1
      More
    • release

      US /rɪ'li:s/

      UK /rɪ'li:s/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To free someone from a responsibility or burden
      • To allow a film, music etc. to be sold/distributed
      • Noun
      • Act of freeing someone from a duty or burden
      • Introduction of a new product, film, book, etc.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • result

      US /rɪˈzʌlt/

      UK /rɪ'zʌlt/

      • Noun
      • Something produced through tests or experiments
      • Final score of a competition, election or game
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be the outcome of other causes and effects
      • To happen or exist as a consequence of something.
      A2
      More
    • sensation

      US /sɛnˈseʃən/

      UK /sen'seɪʃn/

      • Noun
      • (Person) attracting the interest of many people
      • Mental feeling caused by a previous experience
      B1
      More
    • sensory

      US /ˈsɛnsəri/

      UK /ˈsensəri/

      • Adjective
      • Referring to the physical senses
      B2
      More
    • severe

      US /səˈvɪr/

      UK /sɪ'vɪə(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Very bad; harsh
      • (Of clothes, etc.) plain; simple; not decorated
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • suffer

      US / ˈsʌfɚ/

      UK /'sʌfə(r)/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To experience pain, illness, or injury
      • To allow or permit something, especially something unpleasant.
      A2
      More
    • suffer from

      US /ˈsʌfɚ frʌm/

      UK /ˈsʌfə frɔm/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To experience pain or distress; to be badly affected by.
      A1
      More
    • susceptible

      US /səˈsɛptəbəl/

      UK /səˈseptəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Likely to fall prey to, be drawn to or influenced
      • At risk of developing a certain illness or problem
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • the following

      US

      UK

      • Adjective
      • Next in order or sequence.
      • Uncountable Noun
      • What is about to be said or written.
      B1
      More
    • think about

      US /θɪŋk əˈbaʊt/

      UK /θiŋk əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To consider something carefully.
      • To remember or call to mind.
      A1
      More
    • tingle

      US /ˈtɪŋɡəl/

      UK /'tɪŋɡl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Feeling as if small needles are in your skin
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To have a feeling like small needles in your skin
      C1
      More
    • to do with

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be about something; concern
      A1
      More
    • trigger

      US /ˈtrɪɡɚ/

      UK /'trɪɡə(r)/

      • Noun
      • Lever on a gun that you pull to fire
      • Device that starts a process
      • Transitive Verb
      • To start a process off e.g. a memory
      • To cause something to begin or happen.
      B1
      More
    • typically

      US /ˈtɪpɪklɪ/

      UK /ˈtɪpɪkli/

      • Adverb
      • In a normal or usual way
      B1
      More
    • vision

      US /ˈvɪʒən/

      UK /'vɪʒn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Ability to see; eyesight
      • Something you see in your imagination or dreams
      A2
      More
    • visual

      US /ˈvɪʒuəl/

      UK /'vɪʒʊəl/

      • Adjective
      • Of or relating to vision
      • Noun
      • Pictures/images used to help audience understand
      • A picture, map, piece of film, or other visual representation.
      A2
      More
    • yawn

      US /jɔn/

      UK /jɔ:n/

      • Noun
      • Opening the mouth wide and take a deep breath
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To open the mouth wide and take a deep breath
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B2US
    #migraine#headache#pain#brain#aura#attack

    What Really Causes a Migraine?

    0
    Jerry Liu posted on 2019/08/01
    Ever wondered what's *really* going on when a migraine strikes? This video dives deep into the science behind migraines, explaining everything from CGRP to aura symptoms with clear, simple sentences. You'll pick up some fantastic advanced vocabulary while learning about this complex condition from a Mayo Clinic neurologist!

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