Vocabulary

  • have to: Must do
  • answer to: To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
  • instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
  • in terms of
  • in different ways: Using various methods or approaches; with variety.
  • think about: To consider something carefully.
  • to do with: To be about something; concern
  • outside of: Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
  • for short: As a shortened form of a name or phrase.
  • make up: To invent or create a story
  • break down: To forcibly break, destroy or make collapse
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
  • got to: To arrive at some place
  • to date: Up to the present time; until now.
  • stay up: To not go to bed until late
  • stick: To push a sharp or pointed object into something
  • essentially: Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
  • process: To organize and use data in a computer
  • essential: Extremely or most important and necessary
  • material: Cloth; fabric
  • integrity: Quality of being honest, fair and honorable
  • presence: The same place or area that a person is
  • tricky: Difficult, so needing skill to do or deal with
  • typically: In a normal or usual way
  • experiment: Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
  • fluffy: Containing air and being light in weight
  • dynamic: Always active or energetic; getting things done
  • identify: To indicate who or what someone or something is
  • diverse: Being varied or different from each other
  • separate: Being different from or unrelated to another
  • commercial: Radio or television advertisement
  • commodity: Something useful or valuable, usually for sale
  • exist: To be present, alive or real
  • incorporate: To form into a company or business corporation
  • conventional: Following the common attitudes and practices
  • reverse: Setting that makes the vehicle go backward
  • efficient: Able to produce results without waste
  • address: Exact street location of a place
  • grind: To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
  • form: Sports team or person's current winning record
  • generate: To create or be produced or bring into existence
  • result: Something produced through tests or experiments
  • advance: Forward movement by an army
  • landscape: Area or scene of activity, especially in politics
  • lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
  • respond: To answer something or someone
  • break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
  • bury: To put something into the ground and cover it
  • sustainability: Property of being able to be continued/repeated
  • static: Concerning electricity that collects on a surface
  • promise: To say you will certainly do something
  • landfill: Burial of garbage, as to build up low-lying land
  • unpredictable: Difficult to guess about (the future)
  • horrific: Terrifying and shocking
  • infinitely: Continuing forever without end; very great
  • metric: Based on the meter as a standard of measurement
  • difficult: Hard; not easy; you need to work hard to do it
  • make: To arrange or prepare something e.g. dinner
  • embody: To make something into part of a body or system
  • trash: Garbage or anything that is worthless
  • petroleum: Oil found in the ground used to make fuel
  • refine: To change slightly in order to improve it
  • comprise: To be made up of (different parts)
  • byproduct: A waste product made from making something else
  • glue: Sticky substance used for joining things together
  • world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
  • remove: To get rid of something completely
  • design: To plan in a particular way to fulfill a purpose
  • lose: To be unable to keep in check or control something
  • backbone: Strength and determination
  • strong: (Of tea or beer) dark or thick
  • circular: Shaped like a circle or part of a circle
  • purify: To make pure by removing unwanted substances
  • osmosis: Diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal
  • need: To be unable to manage without something; require
  • poly: Multiple; many
  • monomer: Simple compound that can form polymers
  • amine: Compound of ammonia containing nitrogen
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    • advance

      US /ædˈvæns/

      UK /əd'vɑ:ns/

      • Noun
      • Forward movement by an army
      • An attempt to seduce someone
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • (Of an army) to move forward
      • To change or improve
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • amine

      US /ə'mi:n/

      UK /ə'mi:n/

      • Noun
      • Compound of ammonia containing nitrogen
      C2
      More
    • answer to

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
      • To correspond to or match a description or requirement.
      A1
      More
    • backbone

      US /ˈbækˌbon/

      UK /'bækbəʊn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Strength and determination
      B2
      More
    • break down

      US /brek daʊn/

      UK /breik daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To forcibly break, destroy or make collapse
      • (Machine) to stop working or become weaker
      A1
      More
    • bury

      US /ˈbɛri/

      UK /'berɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To put something into the ground and cover it
      B1
      More
    • byproduct

      US /ˈbaɪˌprɑdəkt/

      UK /'baɪˌprɒdʌkt/

      • Noun
      • A waste product made from making something else
      C1
      More
    • circular

      US /ˈsɜ:rkjələ(r)/

      UK /ˈsɜ:kjələ(r)/

      • Adjective
      • Shaped like a circle or part of a circle
      • Noun
      • Paper with news, ads, etc. sent round to people
      B2
      More
    • commercial

      US /kəˈmɚʃəl/

      UK /kəˈmə:ʃəl/

      • Noun
      • Radio or television advertisement
      • Adjective
      • A notice, picture, or film telling people about a product, job, or service.
      • Designed for or primarily concerned with financial success.
      B1
      More
    • commodity

      US /kəˈmɑdɪti/

      UK /kə'mɒdətɪ/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something useful or valuable, usually for sale
      • A valuable quality or thing.
      • Adjective
      • Something that is treated as a simple object of trade or commerce, rather than valued for its intrinsic qualities.
      B1
      More
    • comprise

      US /kəmˈpraɪz/

      UK /kəm'praɪz/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To be made up of (different parts)
      B1
      More
    • conventional

      US /kənˈvɛnʃənəl/

      UK /kən'venʃənl/

      • Adjective
      • Following the common attitudes and practices
      • Non-nuclear
      B2
      More
    • diverse

      US /dɪˈvɚs, daɪ-, ˈdaɪˌvɚs/

      UK /daɪˈvɜ:s/

      • Adjective
      • Being varied or different from each other
      • Very different from each other
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • dynamic

      US /daiˈnæmik/

      UK /daɪˈnæmɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Always active or energetic; getting things done
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • efficient

      US /ɪˈfɪʃənt/

      UK /ɪˈfɪʃnt/

      • Adjective
      • Able to produce results without waste
      • Capable of producing desired results with little or no waste (of time, energy, or other resources).
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • embody

      US /ɪmˈbɑ:di/

      UK /ɪmˈbɒdi/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something into part of a body or system
      B2
      More
    • essential

      US /ɪˈsɛnʃəl/

      UK /ɪ'senʃl/

      • Adjective
      • Extremely or most important and necessary
      • Fundamental; basic.
      • Noun
      • A concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • essentially

      US /ɪˈsenʃəli/

      UK /ɪˈsenʃəli/

      • Adverb
      • Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
      • Used to emphasize the basic truth or fact of a situation.
      A2
      More
    • experiment

      US /ɪkˈspɛrəmənt/

      UK /ɪk'sperɪmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Test performed to assess new ideas or theories
      • A course of action tentatively adopted without being sure of the eventual outcome.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To create and perform tests to research something
      • To try something new that you haven't tried before
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • figure out

      US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/

      UK /ˈfiɡə aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To understand the behavior of someone
      • To think through logically to find a solution
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To understand or find an answer to something.
      • To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
      A1
      More
    • fluffy

      US /ˈflʌfi/

      UK /'flʌfɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Containing air and being light in weight
      B2
      More
    • for short

      US /fɔr ʃɔrt/

      UK /fɔ: ʃɔ:t/

      • Phrase
      • As a shortened form of a name or phrase.
      A1
      More
    • generate

      US /ˈdʒɛnəˌret/

      UK /ˈdʒenəreɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To create or be produced or bring into existence
      • To create electricity, heat, energy and power
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • glue

      US /ɡlu/

      UK /ɡlu:/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Sticky substance used for joining things together
      • Transitive Verb
      • To join or affix things with glue or paste
      B1
      More
    • got to

      US /ɡɑt tu/

      UK /gɔt tu:/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To arrive at some place
      • To have the opportunity or permission to do something
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To appeal to the emotions of; move
      • To finally begin to start something after a delay
      A1
      More
    • grind

      US /ɡraɪnd/

      UK /ɡraɪnd/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To break (coffee, etc.) into tiny bits with machine
      • To make loud jarring noise by pressing hard
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Hard work or effort
      B2
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • horrific

      US /hɔˈrɪfɪk, hɑ-/

      UK /həˈrɪfɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Terrifying and shocking
      B2
      More
    • identify

      US /aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ/

      UK /aɪ'dentɪfaɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To indicate who or what someone or something is
      • To say exactly what something is
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • in different ways

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Using various methods or approaches; with variety.
      • In varying manners or styles; not uniformly.
      A1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • incorporate

      US /ɪnˈkɔrpəˌret/

      UK /ɪn'kɔ:pəreɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To form into a company or business corporation
      • To include or involve as part of something else
      A2
      More
    • infinitely

      US /ˈɪnfənɪtlɪ/

      UK /ˈɪnfɪnətli/

      • Adverb
      • Continuing forever without end; very great
      B2
      More
    • instead of

      US /ɪnˈstɛd ʌv/

      UK /inˈsted ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • When one thing is replaced by another
      • Adverb
      • As a substitute or alternative.
      A1
      More
    • integrity

      US /ɪnˈtɛɡrɪti/

      UK /ɪnˈtegrəti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Quality of being honest, fair and honorable
      • The state of being whole and undivided.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • landfill

      US /'lændfɪl/

      UK /'lændfɪl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Burial of garbage, as to build up low-lying land
      • A site for the disposal of waste materials by burial.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To fill (land) with waste material.
      C1
      More
    • landscape

      US /ˈlændˌskep/

      UK /'lændskeɪp/

      • Noun
      • Area or scene of activity, especially in politics
      • Picture of natural scenery in a place
      • Transitive Verb
      • To make gardens that improve an area of land
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • make up

      US /mek ʌp/

      UK /meik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To invent or create a story
      • To add up to
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To invent a story, excuse, etc.
      • To compensate for something lost, missed, or deficient.
      A1
      More
    • material

      US /məˈtɪriəl/

      UK /məˈtɪəriəl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Cloth; fabric
      • Supplies or data needed to do a certain thing
      • Adjective
      • Relevant; (of evidence) important or significant
      • Belonging to the world of physical things
      A2
      More
    • metric

      US /ˈmɛtrɪk/

      UK /ˈmetrɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Based on the meter as a standard of measurement
      B1
      More
    • monomer

      US /'mɒnəmə/

      UK /'mɒnəmə/

      • Noun
      • Simple compound that can form polymers
      C2
      More
    • outside of

      US /aʊtˈsaɪd ʌv/

      UK /ˌautˈsaid ɔv/

      • Preposition
      • Located or situated beyond the boundaries or confines of something.
      • Beyond the scope, range, or limits of something.
      A1
      More
    • petroleum

      US /pəˈtroliəm/

      UK /pə'trəʊlɪəm/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Oil found in the ground used to make fuel
      B2
      More
    • poly

      US /ˈpɑ:li/

      UK /ˈpɒli/

      • Prefix
      • Multiple; many
      C1
      More
    • presence

      US /ˈprɛzəns/

      UK /ˈprezns/

      • Noun
      • The same place or area that a person is
      • Ability to reach a market, group of people etc.
      A2
      More
    • process

      US /ˈprɑsˌɛs, ˈproˌsɛs/

      UK /prə'ses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To organize and use data in a computer
      • To deal with official forms in the way required
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Dealing with official forms in the way required
      • Set of changes that occur slowly and naturally
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • purify

      US /ˈpjʊrɪfaɪ/

      UK /ˈpjʊərɪfaɪ/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make pure by removing unwanted substances
      • To make someone feel pure by removing guilt
      B2
      More
    • refine

      US /rɪˈfaɪn/

      UK /rɪ'faɪn/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To change slightly in order to improve it
      • To narrow down your search to a smaller number
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • respond

      US /rɪˈspɑnd/

      UK /rɪ'spɒnd/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To answer something or someone
      • To have a good reaction to e.g. medical treatment
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • result

      US /rɪˈzʌlt/

      UK /rɪ'zʌlt/

      • Noun
      • Something produced through tests or experiments
      • Final score of a competition, election or game
      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be the outcome of other causes and effects
      • To happen or exist as a consequence of something.
      A2
      More
    • reverse

      US /rɪˈvɚs/

      UK /rɪ'vɜ:s/

      • Noun
      • Setting that makes the vehicle go backward
      • Instance of a significant change, for the worse
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To drive a vehicle backward
      • To change to an opposite state, way or condition
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • separate

      US /'sepəreɪt/

      UK /'sepəreɪt/

      • Adjective
      • Being different from or unrelated to another
      • Not connected; different.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To divide two things by being in between them
      • To move things away from each other
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • static

      US /ˈstætɪk/

      UK /ˈstætɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning electricity that collects on a surface
      • Being unchangeable or unmovable
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Unwanted noise that disturbs a radio or TV signal
      B2
      More
    • stay up

      US /ste ʌp/

      UK /stei ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To not go to bed until late
      A1
      More
    • stick

      US /stɪk/

      UK /stɪk/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To push a sharp or pointed object into something
      • To join together using glue or paste
      • Countable Noun
      • Long thin piece of wood from a tree
      A2
      More
    • sustainability

      US

      UK

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Property of being able to be continued/repeated
      • The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level; avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance.
      B2
      More
    • think about

      US /θɪŋk əˈbaʊt/

      UK /θiŋk əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To consider something carefully.
      • To remember or call to mind.
      A1
      More
    • to date

      US /tu det/

      UK /tu: deit/

      • Phrase
      • Up to the present time; until now.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To go out on romantic dates with someone.
      C2
      More
    • to do with

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be about something; concern
      A1
      More
    • trash

      US /træʃ/

      UK /træʃ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Garbage or anything that is worthless
      • Transitive Verb
      • To throw away in the garbage
      • To criticize; claim person/thing is inferior
      B2TOEIC
      More
    • tricky

      US /ˈtrɪki/

      UK /'trɪkɪ/

      • Adjective
      • Difficult, so needing skill to do or deal with
      • Likely to use tricks; dishonest or deceptive
      A2
      More
    • typically

      US /ˈtɪpɪklɪ/

      UK /ˈtɪpɪkli/

      • Adverb
      • In a normal or usual way
      B1
      More
    • unpredictable

      US /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbəl/

      UK /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Difficult to guess about (the future)
      • Characterized by erratic or inconsistent behavior.
      B1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    80
    B1US
    #recycling#recycled#acid#polymer#material#recyclable

    Scientists Created a Plastic That’s Infinitely Recyclable

    0
    April Lu posted on 2019/06/12
    Ever wondered if we could truly recycle plastic forever? This video dives into the amazing science behind a new plastic created by scientists that's infinitely recyclable, and you'll pick up some fantastic advanced vocabulary related to polymer chemistry and sustainable packaging along the way!

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