Vocabulary

• based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
• evidence of: Facts, objects, or signs that make you believe that something is true.
• at stake: At risk; that can be lost if something is not successful
• for example: As an illustration or instance.
• per year: For each year; annually.
• have to: Must do
• at risk: In danger; likely to be harmed
• in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
• take in: To allow to enter; receive as a guest
• as we know it: In the form or way commonly understood or accepted.
• soak up: To absorb; to become filled with (something)
• rise up: To attempt to defeat government or ruler
• in time: Eventually; after a period of time.
• the following: Next in order or sequence.
• take for example: To use as an instance or illustration.
• at a time: Separately; one by one
• in areas: Located or occurring within specific regions or locations.
• break off: To end a relationship, engagement etc.
• as a whole: Considering everything together; in general.
• of the century: The most notable or important in a hundred-year period.
• around the world: In or to many countries.
• to date: Up to the present time; until now.
• those times: A period in the past, often remembered fondly.
• on ice: Kept cold or preserved by ice.
• on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
• in part: To some extent; partially.
• at least: As a minimum
• below the surface: Hidden emotions or issues not immediately visible.
• in recent times: During the period of time that has most recently passed; lately.
• in some places: In certain locations or areas, but not all.
• lie ahead: To be going to happen in the future.
• start in: To begin a job or activity.
• due to: Because of; owing to
• go on: To continue doing something
• ice: Frozen gas or liquid, esp. water
• sea: Very large group of people, similar-looking things
• warmer: At a higher, but moderate, temperature
• begin: To do the first part of an action; to start
• today: This day; day that is happening now
• year: Unit of time equal to 12 months or 365 or 366 days
• head: To hit a ball with your head in a game
• winter: Time or season of idleness or decay
• study: To focus on learning something usually at school
• snow: Person's name
• summer: Part of the year when the weather is hot
• water: Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
• present: Being in attendance; being there; having turned up
• world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
• time: Speed at which music is played; tempo
• sheet: Piece of cloth you put on the bed to sleep on
• island: Area of land that is surrounded by water
• shelf: Flat, narrow surface on an area of rock or sand
• level: Specific height of something
• fresh: Clean; not used or dirty
• century: Period of 100 years
• north: Direction to your left when facing the rising sun
• include: To make someone, something part of a group
• deep: Complex and important
• lose: To be unable to keep in check or control something
• push: To move into enemy country with a military attack
• future: Time that is to come after the present
• story: One of many floors or levels in a building
• cool: Steady and calm when facing difficulties
• square: Shape with 4 equal length sides and 4 equal angles
• earth: Wire connecting an electrical device to the ground
• ocean: Large body of salt water; a large sea
• continent: Very large piece of land, e.g. Africa or Asia
• climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
• period: Set amount of time during which events take place
• energy: Physical or mental strength
• rise: To wake up and get out of bed after sleeping
• freeze: To harden to a solid below zero degrees
• rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
• northern: In or toward the north
• height: Distance of something from the bottom to the top
• coast: Land near the sea or ocean
• atmosphere: Air around us
• shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
• northwest: Being between west and north
• melt: To disappear or to go away
• solar: Concerning the sun, or its heat
• spread: A big meal, often laid out as a buffet
• evidence: Factual proof that helps to establish the truth
• warming: To become more friendly or to like something
• global: Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
• industrial: Concerning making things in factories
• monitor: To observe and keep a record of something
• vast: Being very large in size or amount
• coastal: Concerning the area of sea near land
• major: High-ranking officer in the army
• polar: Concerning the areas near the North or South poles
• interior: Part of country that is far from the border, coast
• affect: To cause a change in something else
• decade: Period of 10 years
• coverage: Type of programs a radio or TV station broadcasts
• stable: In a position where something does not fall over
• conclude: To finish or cause to finish; end
• iceberg: Very large mass of floating ice in the sea
• uncertainty: Feeling of not really knowing what will happen
• resilient: Recovering quickly from something bad
• catastrophic: Causing a lot of damage or suffering
• stake: Share/interest in the success of a business, etc.
• pole: One of two opposite ideas, qualities or positions
• glacier: Very large river of ice moving down a mountain
• glacial: Being extremely and especially cold
• drilling: Act of making a deep hole to find oil, gas etc.
• radar: Radio device used to find the location of objects
• cubic: Measurement of the length, width, and height
• plateau: Flat land that is higher than the land around it
• inland: Concerning areas that are not near a coast
• greenhouse: Greenhouse gas that makes the Earth get warmer