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  • Hello everyone, welcome back to yet another very interesting lesson. I had a wonderful

  • weekend, wanna know why? Well, I managed to read two of my favourite books. Now I'll tell

  • you what, this book was a lot more interesting than this one. Or shall I say, this book was

  • not as interesting as this one. Which one do you think is correct? Confused? well, I

  • would also be confused however you don't need to be confused anymore because today's lesson

  • is gonna deal with how we can talk about similarities and differences when we are going to draw

  • or compare adjectives of various things. And of course, learning English is all about saying

  • different things in the right way or in different ways, correct? So today's lesson is going

  • to show you how you can compare and contrast various different adjectives while you are

  • talking. So stay tuned, I am Ceema and I'll show you how to compare and contrast.

  • Alright, now when we are comparing and contrasting as children when we were learning English,

  • what did we learn? We were always told about using the positive, the comparative

  • and the superlative forms of adjectives, right? Well for those who don't know what positive,

  • comparative and superlative degrees or forms of adjectives are. They are using adjectives

  • in different forms. So for example, you say, big which is the positive degree, which in

  • the comparative degree turns to bigger and in the superlative, it becomes biggest. So

  • if I am smart, you are smarter and someone else could be smartest, right? However, as

  • I told you awhile ago, learning and speaking good English is always using English or using

  • new words in various different ways, right? So, we don't always have to use the positive,

  • comparative or the superlative forms of adjectives. You can actually use or compare adjectives

  • in various different ways and that's what I'm going to be dealing with today.

  • So let's see how we can do that. Now sometimes, we need to talk about a huge difference in

  • various adjectives. A huge difference not a small difference but a huge difference.

  • So using these forms may not do justice to the way of speaking. So, we need to use some

  • different words, what are they? Okay, look at this sentence, it says the demand for clothes

  • this month is much higher than last month. Over here, you are going to use the word,

  • much before the comparative degree because we don't know the exact difference between

  • the sales or the demand for clothes between this month and the month that just went by.

  • So, when we're talking about a huge difference but we don't really know what the exact difference

  • is, we always use the word, much before the comparative form of the adjective. Okay, now

  • there is another way of talking about a huge difference. You could use a word or two words

  • which are a lot. So, he is a lot stronger than you. There is a difference between the

  • strength that you possess and that your brother possesses, right? But you don't know the exact

  • difference but it is a huge difference. So, you can say, he is a lot stronger than you.

  • Okay, isn't that a more interesting way of putting it? Right, the third way of doing

  • that is by using another set of words which could be more. So you can say this watch is

  • more cheaper than the one you wore last night because over here again, you don't have

  • to just use the comparative form. You can use a word like, more in front of the comparative

  • form. So, this watch is more cheaper than the one you wore last night. so, in all these

  • three sentences, you can see how you're actually talking about a huge difference between the

  • adjectives or between things but instead of just using the comparative form, you are trying

  • to make your English sound a little bit better by using words like, much, a lot and more

  • and there is another word you can use. Okay, if two people or say me and my sister, you

  • know we're very different, there is a huge difference, right? So you could simply say,

  • we are very different or you could use the word, far different. so when we're talking

  • about a huge difference, in addition to using these words, which is much, a lot and more,

  • you could also use very different or far different, okay.

  • Now, when we are going to talk about a small difference, what words are we going to use?

  • Now there are very interesting ways of also bringing about the contrast and comparison

  • between adjectives with a small difference. Okay, so what are they? The first sentence

  • says sales in December were slightly higher than sales this month. so a very small difference,

  • so let's say, sales in December were may be £75000 but may be you know it was a little

  • lower this month, a slight difference, right? so, instead of using lower which is the comparative

  • form, you can simply say, sales in December were slightly and then you use the comparative

  • form of the verb, of the adjective, I'm sorry. So instead of just using the comparative

  • form again, you can use a word like slightly to show the small difference between the adjectives.

  • Alright, now our second sentence deals with another word or two words rather, which is

  • a bit to show a small difference, you could say, you are a bit taller than me probably

  • half an inch, right? It's a small difference but you don't wanna talk about inches, that's

  • too technical, right? So you'll just say, you're a bit taller than me or you're slightly

  • taller than me.

  • Okay, the third sentence is, these are not much more prettier than those. Okay so when

  • you are saying not much more, again you are talking about a difference which is very,

  • very tiny. A very small difference, okay that's when you say, these are not much more prettier

  • than those or these are not much more expensive than the one you wore yesterday.

  • Okay, so these are the different ways in which you will talk about comparing or contrasting

  • adjectives when you want to talk about a huge difference between adjectives or a small difference.

  • Sometimes, you also want to make comparisons even when there is no difference. So instead

  • of being boring and talking about you know technical things like a person's height or

  • their weight or their age, you can use some words that show that there is no difference

  • between people's height, weight or let's say any other adjective that you can possibly

  • think about.

  • Okay, so if we're talking about comparing even though there is no difference, there

  • are some more interesting words or ways of speaking to do that. So we got a sentence

  • which says, he's exactly the same age as my brother. So, when you say the same age or

  • the same height, we're talking about no difference but we don't wanna talk about the same height.

  • We don't wanna get into the technicality. So we may just use the word same followed

  • by whatever you're comparing. So in this case, may be you or the guy you're talking to is

  • 6 feet tall and so is your brother. So, he's exactly the same age as my brother.

  • Okay, moving on, to the next way of showing no difference is by using a phrase which is,

  • more or less. More or less again denotes no difference which means it's very similar,

  • right? So, the flowers are more or less the same colour as our curtains. so may be your

  • curtains are a nice shade of pink, a soft pink and the flowers you're looking at, that

  • you're comparing happen to be the same colour but you don't wanna talk about the colour

  • because you don't know what the colour really is. So you will simply say, the flowers are

  • more or less the same colours as our curtains.

  • Okay, the next sentence compares food. We all love to compare food, right? This food's

  • more bland, that food's more spicy, that food's more tastier but we can compare even there

  • is no difference. How do you do that? So, talking about Thai food, so Thai food is similar

  • to Chinese food. So when there is no difference between the two foods, you can use a phrase

  • which says, similar to. So, Thai food is similar to Chinese food which in other words, means

  • that there is no difference between the two foods, okay.

  • Well, that's it from me on this lesson about how you can compare and contrast and thus

  • effectively bring about the similarities and differences when you are using adjectives.

  • I'm sure if you use them in the right way while talking your English is going to definitely

  • improve. So I'll be back with some more lessons, until then, it's me saying keep practising,

  • take care.

Hello everyone, welcome back to yet another very interesting lesson. I had a wonderful

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