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  • - WELCOME TO SECTION 3

  • OF CARBOHYDRATES BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION.

  • I WANT TO EXPLAIN BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION.

  • I'M GOING TO USE THIS DIAGRAM,

  • SO FIRST I'M JUST GOING TO ORIENT YOU.

  • THIS IS GOING TO REPRESENT THE BLOODSTREAM

  • WITH THESE REPRESENTING GLUCOSE

  • AS THEY HAVE THROUGHOUT THIS LECTURE SERIES.

  • LIVER, INTESTINES, FAT, MUSCLE, AND PANCREAS,

  • THEY ARE OBVIOUSLY NOT IN THIS ORDER IN THE BODY,

  • BUT THIS IS JUST A DIAGRAM

  • TO HELP ILLUSTRATE SOME OF THE CONCEPTS.

  • SO AGAIN I'M GOING TO START WITH THE BAGEL.

  • AND AGAIN I LIKE TO USE THE WHITE BAGEL,

  • BECAUSE IT IS A PERFECT EXAMPLE

  • OF A VERY HIGHLY REFINED PRODUCT.

  • IT HAS MOSTLY STARCH WITH JUST A LITTLE BIT

  • OF PROTEIN AND FIBER, A FEW OTHER NUTRIENTS,

  • BUT IS VERY EASILY DIGESTIBLE.

  • AND WHEN YOU EAT THE BAGEL--

  • AND AS IT GOES THROUGH THE INTESTINES, REMEMBER,

  • IT GOES FROM STARCH TO THE GLUCOSE CHANGE TO MALTOSE,

  • VERY QUICKLY DIGESTED,

  • AND ENDS UP IN THE BLOODSTREAM AS GLUCOSE.

  • SO WHEN YOU EAT A BAGEL OR HIGHLY REFINED PRODUCT,

  • SUCH AS A BAGEL, THE BLOOD SUGAR GOES UP.

  • NOW HOW DOES THE BODY RESPOND TO THIS?

  • WELL, THE PANCREAS IS GOING TO RELEASE INSULIN,

  • AND INSULIN IS REPRESENTED HERE WITH THE EYE,

  • AND THIS INSULIN IS RELEASED IN RESPONSE TO HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE.

  • NOW, INSULIN'S ROLE IS TO ASSIST IN THE

  • TRANSPORT OF GLUCOSE INTO THE CELLS,

  • PARTICULARLY THE MUSCLE CELLS AND THE FAT CELLS.

  • THE GLUCOSE THEN LEAVES THE

  • BLOODSTREAM AND GOES INTO THE CELLS.

  • WELL, AS THE GLUCOSE IS LEAVING THE BLOODSTREAM,

  • ALL OF THESE GLUCOSE ARE NOW

  • GOING TO BE GOING INTO THE CELLS.

  • IT'S GOING TO BRING THE BLOOD GLUCOSE BACK TO A NORMAL LEVEL.

  • SO THE GOAL OF INSULIN, OUR STORAGE HORMONE,

  • IS BRINGING THAT ENERGY IN THE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATES,

  • IN THE FORM OF GLUCOSE,

  • INTO THE CELL SO IT CAN BE EITHER UTILIZED OR STORED.

  • SO INSULIN'S A STORAGE HORMONE,

  • WE LIKE TO THINK ABOUT IT THAT WAY.

  • SO NOW WE'RE BACK TO A NORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE.

  • SO LET'S THINK ABOUT THE OPPOSITE.

  • SO INSTEAD OF HAVING YOUR BAGEL FOR BREAKFAST,

  • MAYBE YOU SKIPPED BREAKFAST OR YOU

  • SKIPPED A MEAL AND YOU DIDN'T EAT.

  • WELL, HOW DOES THE BODY DEAL WITH THAT IF YOU'RE NOT EATING?

  • THE BODY HAS A FANTASTIC WAY OF DEALING WITH THIS.

  • IF YOU SKIP A MEAL, THE BLOOD SUGAR DOES GO DOWN.

  • SO NOW YOU DON'T HAVE THAT FORM OF ENERGY,

  • CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY,

  • IN YOUR BLOODSTREAM FOR THE CELLS TO USE,

  • BLOOD SUGAR GOES DOWN.

  • NOW THIS IS OF COURSE GOING TO STIMULATE,

  • YOU KNOW, MAKE YOU A LITTLE LIGHTHEADED MAYBE, FATIGUED.

  • YOU DEFINITELY WILL GET HUNGRY,

  • BUT YOUR BODY CAN RESPOND TO THIS.

  • YOU DON'T NECESSARILY ALWAYS HAVE TO EAT RIGHT THEN,

  • BECAUSE THE PANCREAS IS GOING TO RELEASE GLUCAGON.

  • GLUCAGON IS A HORMONE THAT'S GOING TO

  • TELL THE LIVER TO RELEASE GLYCOGEN.

  • NOW REMEMBER, GLYCOGEN IS OUR STORAGE FORM OF GLUCOSE,

  • OUR STORAGE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATES,

  • MAINLY STORED IN THE LIVER IN THE MUSCLE,

  • AND THE LIVER LIKES TO SHARE ITS GLUCOSE, SHARE ITS GLYCOGEN.

  • SO ONCE THE GLYCOGEN IS RELEASED,

  • IT WILL THEN BREAKDOWN, REMEMBER, INTO GLUCOSE.

  • SO WHAT WILL THAT DO?

  • THAT IS THEN RELEASED INTO THE BLOODSTREAM,

  • AND WE BRING THE BLOOD SUGAR,

  • THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS, BACK TO NORMAL.

  • SO AGAIN YOUR BODY HAS A WAY OF DEALING WITH HIGH BLOOD

  • SUGARS AND LOW BLOOD SUGARS TO BRING THEM BACK TO NORMAL.

  • NOW IF YOU'RE EATING WHOLE FOODS,

  • AND THERE ARE WHOLE FOODS, HIGH FIBER, I SAY LOW SUGAR,

  • BUT ALSO LOW STARCH, LOW REFINED PRODUCTS,

  • THEN YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE A SLOWER ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE.

  • REMEMBER, WE JUST WENT THROUGH THE

  • DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION PROCESS,

  • BUT WHEN YOU EAT REALLY REFINED PRODUCTS AND SUGARS,

  • THEY'RE GOING TO GO INTO THE BLOODSTREAM VERY QUICKLY.

  • BUT IF YOU HAVE SOMETHING WITH HIGH FIBER,

  • ALSO IF YOU HAVE A MIX WITH

  • WHOLE FOODS WITH PROTEIN AND FAT,

  • IT'S GOING TO SLOW THE ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE,

  • SO YOU DON'T GET THAT BIG SPIKE OF SUGAR IN THE BLOODSTREAM.

  • SO THEN YOU MIGHT--

  • INSULIN AND GLUCAGON WILL STILL BE WORKING TOGETHER,

  • BUT IT'S NOT GOING TO BE THESE

  • REALLY HIGH AND REALLY LOW SPIKES.

  • NOW LET'S GO BACK TO OUR BAGEL EXAMPLE.

  • THE BAGEL, HIGH IN STARCH.

  • IT DIGESTS VERY QUICKLY.

  • IT ABSORBS VERY QUICKLY INTO THE BLOODSTREAM.

  • SO YOU EAT THIS BAGEL AND, BOOM,

  • YOU HAVE A BLOODSTREAM FULL OF SUGAR.

  • WELL, THE BODY'S GOING TO RESPOND TO THAT.

  • IT DOESN'T WANT THAT HIGH SUGAR, THE PANCREAS RELEASES INSULIN.

  • SO NOW THE BLOODSTREAM IS FULL OF SUGAR AND INSULIN,

  • GLUCOSE AND INSULIN. RIGHT?

  • WELL, WHAT'S INSULIN'S JOB?

  • IT'S A STORAGE HORMONE.

  • IT'S GOING TO PULL THIS SUGAR OUT OF THE BLOODSTREAM,

  • WANTS TO GET IT BACK TO A NORMAL LEVEL,

  • WANTS TO BRING IT INTO THE MUSCLE IF IT NEEDS IF FOR USE,

  • OR IT'LL BRING IT INTO FAT, TO BE STORED AS FAT.

  • REMEMBER, IT'S A STORAGE HORMONE.

  • SO BAGELS, STARCH [ INAUDIBLE ] A GLUCOSE CHANGE,

  • MALTOSE, GLUCOSE, HIGH,

  • HIGH SPIKE IN YOUR BLOOD SUGAR, SPIKE UP INSULIN.

  • THEN THE INSULIN WORKS, DRIVES THE GLUCOSE OUT OF THE

  • BLOODSTREAM AND LEAVES US WITH JUST A LITTLE TINY BIT OF SUGAR.

  • WELL, WHAT DOES THAT DO?

  • MAKES YOU TIRED, MAKES YOU HUNGARY.

  • RIGHT? SO THEN WHAT HAPPENS?

  • YOU EAT THE BAGEL,

  • AND YOU FEEL HIGH, YOU FEEL GOOD.

  • YOU ALMOST HAVE THIS SUGAR BUZZ, BECAUSE, RIGHT,

  • IT BRAKES DOWN INTO GLUCOSE, WHICH IS OUR FORM OF SUGAR,

  • AND THEN THAT SUGAR GETS PULLED OUT INTO THE CELLS,

  • YOU KNOW, IF YOU'RE SEDENTARY,

  • IT'S GOING TO JUST BE STORED AS FAT,

  • AND THEN BE DROPPED BACK DOWN AGAIN.

  • SO NOW YOU HAVE THAT SUGAR LOW.

  • YOU KNOW, YOU'RE TIRED,

  • YOU [ INAUDIBLE ] HUNGRY, SO WHAT DO YOU DO?

  • YOU EAT THE BAGEL AGAIN.

  • SO NOW YOU'RE FEELING GOOD AGAIN FOR THAT LITTLE BIT OF TIME,

  • AND THEN AGAIN YOU HAVE THAT SUGAR LOW.

  • SO EVEN THOUGH IT'S NOT SUGAR, STILL,

  • I CALL IT THE SUGAR BUZZ, THE SUGAR LOW,

  • THAT FEELING OF TIREDNESS AND FATIGUE AFTER EATING,

  • AND IT COULD BE A LOT OF CALORIES.

  • SO TO AVOID THIS SUGAR HIGH OR SUGAR BUZZ,

  • SUGAR LOW, THIS IS WHERE I

  • GO BACK TO WHAT I'VE BEEN SAYING THROUGHOUT THE

  • WHOLE SEMESTER IS THE MORE REFINED PRODUCTS,

  • THE MORE PROCESSED THE PRODUCTS ARE, MORE SUGAR,

  • THE MORE ADDED SUGAR, NOT NATURALLY OCCURRING,

  • ADDED SUGAR IN THEM, THEN THE MORE LIKELY

  • YOU'RE GOING TO BE ON THIS ROLLER COASTER RIDE.

  • AND WHEN YOU'RE EATING THIS FOOD,

  • YOU DON'T REALLY NEED IT.

  • IT'S JUST GOING TO BE STORED AS FAT,

  • BECAUSE IT'S JUST THE INSULIN IS PULLING IT INTO THE FAT CELLS.

  • WHAT IS A BETTER IDEA,

  • JUST TO GET BACK TO WHAT I'VE BEEN SAYING OVER AND OVER AGAIN,

  • IS TO EAT MORE WHOLE FOODS.

  • AND WE TALKED ABOUT THE PACKAGE THAT

  • THE FOOD COMES IN OR THE SUGAR COMES IN,

  • AND AS SOON AS YOU HAVE IT WITH FIBER,

  • IT'S GOING TO SLOW THAT ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE.

  • IT'S ALSO GOING TO GIVE YOU ADDED NUTRIENTS,

  • AND IT'S GOING TO HELP KEEP US A LITTLE BIT MORE NORMALIZED.

  • AND WE'LL TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW FIBER AND SUGAR,

  • WHICH ALMOST ALWAYS OCCUR TOGETHER IN NATURE,

  • NEVER REALLY HAVE SUGAR ALONE WITH THE EXCEPTION

  • OF MAYBE HONEY IN NATURE, BUT HAVING THOSE TOGETHER

  • REALLY WILL IMPACT YOUR BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS.

  • AND WE'LL TALK ABOUT THAT NEXT.

  •  

- WELCOME TO SECTION 3

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