Vocabulary

• have to: Must do
• regardless of
• threat to: A person or thing likely to cause damage or danger.
• out there: In or to a place that is far away
• after all: In spite of what was expected; used to introduce a statement that supports a previous statement or explains why it was made
• come from: To have as your native country or city
• no matter: Regardless of; it does not matter.
• around the world: In or to many countries.
• in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
• bring about: To cause to happen
• sit down: To take a seat
• got to: To arrive at some place
• lame duck: An official (especially an elected one) in the final period of office, after the election of a successor.
• turn to: To go to someone for help, advice, or information.
• figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
• in the face of: When confronted with something difficult or challenging.
• come together: To assemble or unite; to start working together.
• from the start: From the very beginning; from the outset.
• step back: To move backwards; to move away from something.
• take out: To apply for and get a license
• shut down: To close an operating system, e.g. on a computer
• on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
• as one: Acting or moving together at the same time.
• those times: A period in the past, often remembered fondly.
• in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
• put together: To build or assemble something small, e.g. a toy
• barely getting by: Managing to survive or live with very little money or resources.
• force in: To enter a place by applying physical force.
• work to do: Tasks or activities that need to be accomplished.
• walk around: To stroll or wander in a leisurely way.
• climb into: To get into or onto something by climbing.
• in reverse: In the opposite direction.
• turned out: To arrive for a public event or entertainment
• instead of: When one thing is replaced by another
• fair point: A valid or reasonable statement; a good argument.
• spend money: To use money to buy or pay for something.
• used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
• in reason: Within sensible or acceptable limits.
• guard against: To take precautions against something undesirable.
• withdraw from: To take out or remove (something) from a place or container.
• stand for: To support a particular idea, e.g. in politics
• give up: To lose hope or admit defeat
• in public: In a place where anyone can see or hear you.
• power on: To activate or switch on a device or machine.
• stand up for: To support someone or an idea, e.g. human rights
• enter into: To begin or become involved in something, such as an agreement or activity.
• write off: To cancel a debt; to recognize as a loss.
• sit back: To relax and take it easy.
• of ours: Belonging to us; associated with us.
• at stake: At risk; that can be lost if something is not successful
• of a lifetime: Describes something very special or unique in one's life.
• on the internet: Located or available on the internet.
• in real life: In the physical world; not online or in a fictional setting.
• lace up: To fasten shoes or other garments with laces.
• show up: To arrive or be seen at a place, e.g. a party
• dive in: To start doing something with a lot of enthusiasm.
• care for: To want or desire a thing
• above all: Most importantly; more than anything else.
• in ways: In a manner or by methods that.
• at home: In one's own residence or country.
• good humor: A cheerful or agreeable mood.
• in the spotlight: Receiving a lot of public attention; at the center of attention.
• in the bargain: In addition; as an extra benefit or consequence.
• grow up: To develop from a child into an adult
• get the better of: To defeat or overcome someone or something, especially emotions.
• in good hands: Under the care and protection of someone competent and trustworthy.
• chance on: To find or discover something unexpectedly.
• at heart: In one's real or essential nature; fundamentally.
• for now: Temporarily; for the present time.
• sort: To organize things by putting them into groups
• essential: Extremely or most important and necessary
• applause: The sound made by clapping a performance or speech
• embrace: Act of holding someone closely
• character: Person in a story, movie or play
• matter: To be of great importance; to count
• progress: To move forward or toward a place or goal
• sense: Certain mental feeling or emotion
• audience: Group of people attending a play, movie etc.
• purpose: Reason for which something is done; aim; goal
• common: Area in a city or town that is open to everyone
• fear: Unpleasant feeling caused by being aware of danger
• achieve: To succeed in doing good, usually by working hard
• climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
• reverse: Setting that makes the vehicle go backward
• discrimination: Ability to recognize the difference between things
• vigilant: Being watchful; careful to monitor events
• prosperity: State of being financially/economically successful
• political: Being active or interested in government matters
• faith: Belief in a god or gods; religion
• jealous: Wishing you were like someone or had their things
• democracy: System of government in which everyone is equal
• require: To demand that someone does something
• reach: To come to or arrive at a goal or destination
• minority: Group that is smaller and different from the rest
• generation: Act or process of producing or causing something
• military: Army or armed forces
• spirit: Person's strong determination or attitude
• threat: Warning of probable trouble
• accept: To agree to receive or take something offered
• conviction: Act of finding someone guilty of a crime
• social: Involving activity with people, e.g. in free time
• rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
• fair: Neither very good nor very bad; average
• rural: Concerning the country as opposed to the city
• withdraw: To take money out of a bank account
• inequality: Situation where things are not equal, fair
• constitution: Statement of fundamental principles of a country
• economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
• solidarity: Feeling of unity between people sharing ideas etc.
• aggression: Use of energy and determination to achieve a goal
• ballot: Piece of paper used for the purpose of voting
• citizen: Person who belongs to and has rights in a country
• middle: Place that is halfway between two things
• hallmark: Quality that is typical or defines person or thing
• government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
• change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
• grow: To get bigger and more mature; make plants do this
• nation: Area or region controlled by a government and army
• tyranny: Cruel government by a ruler who has complete power
• cynicism: An ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Antisthenes and Diogenes, advocating that virtue is the only good and that true freedom comes from living simply and rejecting all artificial desires and social conventions.
• patriotic: Having a great love for your country
• politic: Careful what you say; diplomatic
• participation: Act of being involved in something
• creed: Set of beliefs/principles by which people live
• homeland: Country where you were born