Vocabulary

• on to: Toward something; forward
• move on: To decide to change or go to a different place
• prior to: Before a particular time or event.
• such as: For example; like
• goes to show: To demonstrate or prove something.
• on the books: Recorded in official documents or laws.
• on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
• in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
• over your head: Too difficult to understand.
• in any event: Regardless of what happens; whatever may be the case.
• in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
• flaw in: A defect or imperfection in something.
• at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
• same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
• as long as: For the period that; provided that.
• answer to: To be responsible to someone and have to explain your actions to them.
• in circulation: Available and being used by the public.
• from the first: From the very beginning.
• by extension: Using a word or phrase in a wider context than is usual, typically to include situations that are similar to the one that the word or phrase was originally used for.
• in effect: In reality; in practice; virtually
• take on: To acquire a new characteristic
• dollar: A basic unit of money equal to 100 cent
• money: Coins or notes we use to pay for things
• note: To notice or pay particular attention to something.
• window: Opening in a wall or door to let in light
• country: An area of land that is controlled by a government
• paper: Academic writing or a talk on a specific topic
• pay: To give money for goods or work done
• world: All the humans, events, activities on the earth
• gold: Dark yellow color often seen in sunsets
• lender: Person or business that lends money
• hold: To agree to keep something for someone
• history: Established pattern or record
• fall: Season after summer and before winter; Autumn
• corner: To force into a position impossible to escape from
• decide: To make a choice or choose after thinking about it
• war: Situation where armies fight each other
• climb: To rise gradually and steadily to a higher point
• happen: To take place or occur
• lift: Picking someone up in a car and taking to a place
• reserve: To arrange for a room or table be kept for you
• currency: Widespread acceptance
• exchange: Sharing/directing a look, etc. at someone else
• system: Set of organized, planned ideas that work together
• period: Set amount of time during which events take place
• government: Group of people and system that rule a nation
• remove: To get rid of something completely
• resort: Act of choosing something to help with a problem
• emergency: Sudden event needing an immediate action
• remain: To be left behind; to continue to exist
• section: A part of a whole
• shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
• total: Whole number or amount of something
• force: Group of persons trained for military action; army
• create: To make, cause, or bring into existence
• debt: Sum of money owed to someone that is not yet paid
• supply: Availability of products and services for use
• chart: Drawing showing information in a clear way
• nation: Area or region controlled by a government and army
• rapid: Moving or happening very quickly
• global: Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
• stock: Animals such as cattle kept for breeding
• slam: To criticize sharply
• decline: To bend towards the ground
• banking: To put or keep your money in a bank
• recovery: Process of returning to a former (good) state
• predictable: Capable of being guessed before it happens
• consequence: Importance of a person or thing
• existence: State of being present, alive or real
• current: Electricity flowing through wires
• foundation: Base or important starting point
• status: Position or rank relative to others in a society
• payable: Due to be paid; must be paid
• allied: Related by a common purpose or characteristic
• shorten: To make something, e.g. a skirt, shorter
• prosperous: Being successful and having a lot of money
• drastic: Serious, severe or extreme
• radically: Completely or extremely
• monetary: Concerning a country's economic system
• backing: To bet money on something
• accumulation: Act of becoming bigger or more over time
• restraint: Device that prevents physical movement
• catastrophic: Causing a lot of damage or suffering
• speculative: Not based on sure knowledge; based on intuition
• surplus: More than is needed or wanted
• turmoil: Very confused situation where things are not clear
• retain: To continue to have or use; keep the quality of
• circulation: Movement of blood through the body
• federal: Consisting of several united states
• cartel: Groups united for a common (illegal) action
• ounce: Unit of weight equal to 1/16 pound or 28 grams
• pilgrim: Traveler going to a place with religious meaning
• seizure: Act of taking control of something by force
• devalue: To reduce the value or worth of a currency, etc.
• halt: To stop, or cause something, e.g. a car, to stop
• wartime: Period of time when there is armed conflict
• bankruptcy: State of having no money and unable to pay debts
• rigor: Precision or thoroughness in carrying out a task
• redeem: To exchange (coupon/voucher) for merchandise, etc.
• exponential: (Of an increase) at a faster and faster rate
• colony: Group (bees, etc.) that live in the same place