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  • This is me. I'm a human.

  • These are my parents, they're clearly humans too.

  • My grandfather, human.

  • My great-grandfather and great-great-grandfather?

  • Humans without a doubt.

  • But my grandfather 185 million generations removed?

  • Not a human.

  • He was a fish.

  • So imagine you could take a picture of every ancestor down the line and put them in a big stack.

  • Every father's father's father's father's [etc.] father.

  • And well, that would be a very big stack, with me at the top and my fishy forefather all the way down at the bottom.

  • Maybe we should lay this stack down on its side, that would be a little safer.

  • As we journey back in this stack, let's pull out a few snapshots from history.

  • 1,000 generations back we're just a few inches in, and we find a human.

  • 10,000 generations ago, just two steps further and well, still human but not like we'd recognize.

  • 75,000 generations ago, that's a million and a half years back, not a human.

  • That's Homo erectus.

  • Now here we are just a few hundred steps back in our journey, a million and a half generations ago.

  • This ancestor looks more like today's Old World monkeys, but still a primate.

  • 15 million generations ago and this ancestor looks more like a tree rodent than a monkey.

  • Let's jump all the way back to my 120 millionth great-grandparent, this is 12 kilometers back down the line.

  • This is a decidedly non-human, non-primate shrew-like mammal, but it's kinda cute!

  • My 165 millionth great-grandparent is not even a mammal, it's a prehistoric lizard that predates even the dinosaurs.

  • They've got their own photo album, their own stack, that joins up with ours somewhere around here.

  • In fact, every species has their own stack that branches off somewhere down the line.

  • And here we are 185 million generations ago at our ancestral fish.

  • You see the resemblance?

  • So where along the stack was the first human?

  • There wasn't one.

  • Photo #4,632?

  • Human.

  • Photo #79,221?

  • Well, that's Homo erectus.

  • There's no single point where one became the other.

  • Every photo that we pull from this stack looks pretty much like the photo on either side.

  • Every generation is the same species as its parents, and the same species as its children.

  • Homo erectus had Homo erectus parents and Homo erectus kids.

  • Our fishy ancestor?

  • Had fishy fathers and fishy children.

  • You can never pinpoint the exact moment that a species came to be, because it never did.

  • It's just like how you used to be a baby, and now you're older.

  • But there was no single day when you went to bed young and woke up old, although sometimes it feels that way.

  • There was no first human.

  • It sounds like a paradox, it sounds like it breaks the whole theory of evolution.

  • But it's really a key to truly understanding how evolution works.

  • Evolution happens like a movie, with frames moving by both quickly and gradually, and we often can't see the change while it's occurring.

  • Every time we find a fossil, it's a snapshot back in time, often with thousands of frames missing in between, and we're forced to reconstruct the whole film.

  • Life is what happens in between the snapshots.

  • Instead of a nice smooth road, this is a journey on stepping stones, and we give each one their own name.

  • Stay curious.

  • This journey was inspired by Richard Dawkins' book "The Magic of Reality" and there is a link down in the description.

This is me. I'm a human.

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