Name: Philosophy: Original Position
Uploaded: 2015-10-18T00:11:06.000Z
Duration: 6 min 24 s
Description: Thousands of YouTube videos with English-Chinese subtitles! Now you can learn to understand native speakers, expand your vocabulary, and improve your pronunciation...

and I am an assistant[br]professor of philosophy

How would you set up a[br]society that is just?

to evaluate our social and[br]political institutions.

of those who feel like they[br]have been treated unjustly,

having just social and[br]political institutions

is essential for having[br]a peaceful society.

For example, African Americans[br]have held marches,

endured fire hoses and death,[br]throughout various periods

Also, Tibetan monks have[br]set themselves on fire

So as we can see, justice[br]is an important idea.

Before we discuss possible ways[br]of creating a just society,

we should first have an[br]idea about what it means

The ancient Greek philosopher[br]Plato, for example,

described justice as an[br]internal harmony, that is,

the parts of some thing, say[br]an individual or a society,

For example, Aristotle says[br]that justice is the equal.

And others have tied justice[br]to the idea of dessert,

The notion of justice[br]that we will focus on

The famous political[br]philosopher John Rawls

came up with a way of[br]developing principles of justice

associated with our social[br]and political practices

Rawls imagines free,[br]mutually disinterested,

in an initial situation that[br]is structured to be fair

has to do with the kind of considerations

the representatives in[br]this original position

For instance, no one can[br]tailor principles selfishly

A unique feature of[br]Rawls' original position

is what we might refer to[br]as the epistemic constraints

to the kinds of things a person can know.

They do not know their race, age, gender,

their strength,[br]intelligence or psychology,

what they find valuable[br]or important in life.

Of course, agents in the original position

They know the kinds of[br]facts that are given to us

Rawls believes that the[br]principles of justice

the agents construct in[br]the original position,

under the veil of ignorance,[br]will be fair simply

because the situation[br]itself is set up fairly.

in the original position[br]are mutually disinterested

I should probably take a[br]moment to say a little more

Agents in the original[br]position will not be moved

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Philosophy: Original Position

think

important

famous

early