Vocabulary

  • such as: For example; like
  • due to: Because of; owing to
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • result in: To cause or produce as a consequence.
  • as well as: Also; in addition to
  • same time: Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
  • in order to: For the purpose of; with the aim of.
  • rather than: More exactly; more correctly
  • on the other hand : Considering a different aspect of the matter; alternatively.
  • in terms of
  • in particular: Specifically; especially.
  • rely on: To depend on someone or something
  • lead to: To result in some action
  • in the future: At a later time; in times to come.
  • reduce the risk: To lessen the probability of something dangerous or harmful occurring.
  • factor in: To include something as an important element when making a decision or calculation.
  • hit with: To strike someone or something using an object.
  • in some places: In certain locations or areas, but not all.
  • crop yield: The amount of a crop produced per unit area of land.
  • grow up: To develop from a child into an adult
  • drop down: To go to a lower place, rank
  • to a large extent: Mostly or for the most part; primarily.
  • in the long run: Eventually; over a long period of time.
  • varieties of: Different kinds or types of something.
  • in part: To some extent; partially.
  • for instance: As an example.
  • along with: In addition to; together with.
  • evidence of: Facts, objects, or signs that make you believe that something is true.
  • number of people: The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
  • cope with: To deal successfully with a difficult situation.
  • as a result of: Because of something; owing to.
  • agricultural products: Goods produced through agriculture, including crops and livestock.
  • in favor of: Expressing support or approval for someone or something.
  • adversely affected: Negatively impacted or harmed.
  • have on: To be wearing something.
  • share in: To participate in something; to have a part or interest in something.
  • information technology: The study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
  • above all: Most importantly; more than anything else.
  • speed up: To move more quickly
  • in comparison: When compared to something else.
  • in the process of: During the course of; while something is happening or being done.
  • in isolation: Separately from other people or things; alone.
  • knock on: To strike a door or window to attract attention.
  • in turn: One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
  • increased risk: A greater chance of something harmful or dangerous happening.
  • get up to: To do something slightly naughty
  • in areas: Located or occurring within specific regions or locations.
  • of the century: The most notable or important in a hundred-year period.
  • at the same time: Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
  • consists of: Is made up or composed of.
  • in addition to: Besides; as well as
  • depending on: To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • wake up: To stop sleeping
  • change: To exchange one set of clothes for another
  • food: What people and animals eat to live
  • rice: Person's name
  • study: To focus on learning something usually at school
  • water: Clear liquid that forms the seas, rivers and rain
  • weather: Whether it is raining, sunny, cold etc. outside
  • farming: To use land for raising plants or animals for food
  • poor: Inferior; below the normal standard
  • sea: Very large group of people, similar-looking things
  • planting: To firmly position something (in the ground)
  • project: To predict what will happen in the future
  • temperature: When you your body heat is above normal
  • gas: Elements in our air, like oxygen or nitrogen
  • level: Specific height of something
  • high: Excited or relaxed from taking drugs
  • forest: Large area with many trees
  • national: Concerning a nation as a whole
  • forestry: Science of caring for and managing forests
  • include: To make someone, something part of a group
  • main: Most important; most often used
  • climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
  • crop: Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
  • increase: To make or become larger in size or amount
  • security: Department in a company in charge of protection
  • land: Region or country
  • development: Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
  • decrease: To reduce the size, amount or number of something
  • report: Account of the necessary facts and information
  • expect: To believe something is probably going to happen
  • reduce: To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
  • regional: Of a particular area, not the whole of a country
  • develop: To explain something in steps and in detail
  • economic: Concerning trade, industry, and money
  • region: Part of a country, of the world, area, etc.
  • southern: Concerning a region in the south
  • agriculture: The science of farming
  • agricultural: Concerning farming, or the land
  • global: Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
  • warming: To become more friendly or to like something
  • carbon: Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
  • dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
  • assessment: Conclusion, opinion formed after due consideration
  • production: Process of producing or growing food naturally
  • affect: To cause a change in something else
  • soil: Conditions in which something develops
  • affected: Putting on an act; not genuine
  • confidence: Feeling that you can do well at something
  • assess: To judge something's value or suitability
  • rural: Concerning the country as opposed to the city
  • potential: Capable of happening or becoming reality
  • adaptation: Music, movie or play, changed to a new form
  • productivity: Rate at which people or machines produce
  • conclude: To finish or cause to finish; end
  • ozone: Gas protecting the earth from the sun
  • erosion: Process of wearing away by water, wind, or ice
  • grain: Seeds of plants used for food
  • vulnerability: Being weak and able to be easily hurt or damaged
  • vulnerable: Being open to attack or damage
  • retreat: Act of a force moving back from a winning enemy
  • greenhouse: Greenhouse gas that makes the Earth get warmer
  • maize: Corn; a yellow cereal
  • livestock: Any animals kept for use or profit
  • al: AL is an acronym
  • mitigation: Act of making less severe or serious
  • nitrogen: A colorless chemical element without a smell
  • yield: To bend or break because of a strong force
  • deforestation: Process of removing the trees from an area
  • rainfall: Water falling from the sky
  • irrigation: Supplying land with water using pipes
  • elevate: To make something higher
  • methane: Colorless gas without smell often used as fuel
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    • above all

      US /əˈbʌv ɔl/

      UK /əˈbʌv ɔ:l/

      • Phrase
      • Most importantly; more than anything else.
      A1
      More
    • adaptation

      US /ˌædæpˈteʃən/

      UK /ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Music, movie or play, changed to a new form
      • Changing to a new form; thing that is changed
      B1
      More
    • adversely affected

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • Negatively impacted or harmed.
      • Negatively impacted or harmed in terms of health.
      C2
      More
    • affect

      US /əˈfɛkt/

      UK /ə'fekt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • To pretend to have or feel (something).
      • Noun
      • (Psychology) Emotion or feeling.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • affected

      US /əˈfɛktɪd/

      UK /əˈfektɪd/

      • Adjective
      • Putting on an act; not genuine
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cause a change in something else
      • Pretended to have or feel (something).
      A2
      More
    • agricultural

      US /ˌæɡrɪ'kʌltʃərəl/

      UK /ˌæɡrɪ'kʌltʃərəl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning farming, or the land
      B1
      More
    • agricultural products

      US

      UK

      • Noun (plural)
      • Goods produced through agriculture, including crops and livestock.
      B2
      More
    • agriculture

      US /ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃɚ/

      UK /ˈægrɪkʌltʃə(r)/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • The science of farming
      • The study of farming and related sciences.
      A2
      More
    • along with

      US /əˈlɔŋ wɪð/

      UK /əˈlɔŋ wið/

      • Preposition
      • In addition to; together with.
      • Adverb
      • In company or together with someone or something.
      • Including; in addition to.
      A2
      More
    • as a result of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Because of something; owing to.
      A1
      More
    • as well as

      US /æz wɛl æz/

      UK /æz wel æz/

      • Adverb
      • Also; in addition to
      • Preposition
      • In addition to; and also.
      A1
      More
    • assess

      US /əˈsɛs/

      UK /əˈses/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To judge something's value or suitability
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • assessment

      US /əˈsɛsmənt/

      UK /əˈsesmənt/

      • Noun
      • Conclusion, opinion formed after due consideration
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • at the same time

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Simultaneously; at the identical moment.
      • Nevertheless; however; used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement.
      A1
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • carbon

      US /ˈkɑrbən/

      UK /'kɑ:bən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Chemical element with an atomic number of 6
      B1
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    • climate

      US /ˈklaɪmɪt/

      UK /ˈklaɪmət/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Typical weather conditions in a particular place
      • The general attitudes, feelings, or opinions that people have at a particular time.
      A2
      More
    • conclude

      US /kənˈklud/

      UK /kənˈklu:d/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To finish or cause to finish; end
      • To arrive at a judgment or opinion
      A2
      More
    • confidence

      US /ˈkɑnfɪdəns/

      UK /'kɒnfɪdəns/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Feeling that you can do well at something
      • Feeling you can trust someone
      A2
      More
    • consists of

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • Is made up or composed of.
      A1
      More
    • cope with

      US /kop wɪð/

      UK /kəup wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To deal successfully with a difficult situation.
      A1
      More
    • crop

      US /krɑp/

      UK /krɒp/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Plants grown on a farm for food, e.g. corn or rice
      • Section of short, thick hair
      • Transitive Verb
      • To cut something to a shorter length or size
      • To cut (something, especially hair) short.
      B1
      More
    • crop yield

      US

      UK

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • The amount of a crop produced per unit area of land.
      More
    • decrease

      US /dɪˈkris/

      UK /dɪˈkri:s/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To reduce the size, amount or number of something
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Amount by which something has been reduced
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • deforestation

      US //diːˌfɔːr.əˈsteɪ.ʃən//

      UK //diːˌfɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən//

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of removing the trees from an area
      C2
      More
    • depending on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To rely on for support (financial or emotional)
      • Influenced or determined by.
      • Preposition
      • Subject to; contingent on
      • Relying on someone or something for support or assistance.
      A2
      More
    • development

      US /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/

      UK /dɪ'veləpmənt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Act or process of growing bigger or more advanced
      • A new event related to a previous event
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • dioxide

      US /daɪˈɑksaɪd/

      UK /daɪˈɒksaɪd/

      • Noun
      • An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
      B2
      More
    • drop down

      US /drɑp daʊn/

      UK /drɔp daun/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To go to a lower place, rank
      A1
      More
    • due to

      US /du tu/

      UK /dju: tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; owing to
      • Adjective
      • Attributable to; caused by.
      A1
      More
    • economic

      US /ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk, ˌikə-/

      UK /ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning trade, industry, and money
      • Financially worthwhile; profitable.
      • Noun
      • A system relating to economics
      • A factor relating to economics
      A2
      More
    • elevate

      US /ˈɛləˌvet/

      UK /ˈelɪveɪt/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To make something higher
      • To raise something in status, importance, feeling
      B2
      More
    • erosion

      US /ɪˈrəʊʒ(ə)n/

      UK /ɪ'rəʊʒn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of wearing away by water, wind, or ice
      • The gradual destruction or diminution of something.
      B1
      More
    • evidence of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Facts, objects, or signs that make you believe that something is true.
      • Something that shows that something else exists or is true.
      A1
      More
    • factor in

      US /ˈfæktɚ ɪn/

      UK /ˈfæktə in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To include something as an important element when making a decision or calculation.
      B2
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for instance

      US /fɔr ˈɪnstəns/

      UK /fɔ: ˈinstəns/

      • Adverb
      • As an example.
      • Phrase
      • As an example.
      • As an illustration or case in point
      B1
      More
    • forestry

      US /ˈfɔrɪstri/

      UK /ˈfɒrɪstri/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Science of caring for and managing forests
      A2
      More
    • gas

      US /ɡæs/

      UK /ɡæs/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Elements in our air, like oxygen or nitrogen
      • Fuel used for cooking, heating houses etc.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To kill or disable someone with poisoned air
      A2
      More
    • get up to

      US /ɡɛt ʌp tu/

      UK /ɡet ʌp tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To do something slightly naughty
      A1
      More
    • global

      US /ˈgloʊbl/

      UK /ˈgləʊbl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning, involving, affecting all of something
      • Of, affecting, or involving the entire world
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • grain

      US /ɡren/

      UK /greɪn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Seeds of plants used for food
      • Natural pattern in something, e.g. wood
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • greenhouse

      US /ˈɡrinˌhaʊs/

      UK /'ɡri:nhaʊs/

      • Adjective
      • Greenhouse gas that makes the Earth get warmer
      • Countable Noun
      • Glass building used for growing plants
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • grow up

      US /ɡro ʌp/

      UK /ɡrəu ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To develop from a child into an adult
      A1
      More
    • have on

      US /hæv ɑn/

      UK /hæv ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To be wearing something.
      • To deceive or trick someone, often in a playful way.
      A1
      More
    • hit with

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To strike someone or something using an object.
      • To suddenly realize or understand something.
      A1
      More
    • in addition to

      US /ɪn əˈdɪʃən tu/

      UK /in əˈdiʃən tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Besides; as well as
      • Phrase
      • Besides; as well as.
      • Furthermore; moreover.
      B1
      More
    • in areas

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Located or occurring within specific regions or locations.
      • Relating to specific fields, subjects, or disciplines.
      A1
      More
    • in comparison

      US /ɪn kəmˈpærɪsən/

      UK /in kəmˈpærisən/

      • Adverb
      • When compared to something else.
      • Phrase
      • When compared to something else.
      • When considering the differences between two or more things.
      A1
      More
    • in favor of

      US /ɪn ˈfevɚ ʌv/

      UK /in ˈfeivə ɔv/

      • Phrase
      • Expressing support or approval for someone or something.
      • To the advantage of; benefiting.
      • Preposition
      • Supporting or approving of something.
      • To the advantage of; to the benefit of.
      A1
      More
    • in isolation

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Separately from other people or things; alone.
      • Considered separately and without reference to other related things.
      C1
      More
    • in order to

      US /ɪn ˈɔrdɚ tu/

      UK /in ˈɔ:də tu:/

      • Preposition
      • For the purpose of; with the aim of.
      • Phrase
      • In a specific sequence or arrangement.
      • With the aim of; for the purpose of.
      C1
      More
    • in part

      US /ɪn pɑrt/

      UK /in pɑ:t/

      • Adverb
      • To some extent; partially.
      A1
      More
    • in particular

      US /ɪn pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/

      UK /in pəˈtikjulə/

      • Phrase
      • Specifically; especially.
      • Detailed or precise.
      A1
      More
    • in some places

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • In certain locations or areas, but not all.
      A1
      More
    • in terms of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • With regard to; concerning a particular aspect.
      A1
      More
    • in the future

      US /ɪn ði ˈfjutʃɚ/

      UK /in ðə ˈfju:tʃə/

      • Phrase
      • At a later time; in times to come.
      A1
      More
    • in the long run

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Eventually; over a long period of time.
      A1
      More
    • in the process of

      US /ɪn ði ˈprɑsˌɛs ʌv/

      UK /in ðə ˈprəuses ɔv/

      • Phrase
      • During the course of; while something is happening or being done.
      A1
      More
    • in turn

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • One after the other in a sequence or rotation.
      A1
      More
    • increased risk

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A greater chance of something harmful or dangerous happening.
      • A higher probability of financial loss in an investment.
      B2
      More
    • information technology

      US

      UK

      • Uncountable Noun
      • The study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
      • The industry related to computers, software, and telecommunications.
      • Countable Noun
      • A department within an organization responsible for managing computer systems and networks.
      B1
      More
    • irrigation

      US /ˌɪrɪ'ɡeɪʃn/

      UK /ˌɪrɪ'ɡeɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Supplying land with water using pipes
      • The process of washing out a body cavity or wound with a stream of fluid
      B1
      More
    • knock on

      US /nɑk ɑn/

      UK /nɔk ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To strike a door or window to attract attention.
      • Intransitive Verb
      • (In rugby) to drop the ball forward.
      A1
      More
    • lead to

      US /lid tu/

      UK /li:d tu:/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To result in some action
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To have something as a consequence or result.
      A1
      More
    • level

      US /ˈlɛvəl/

      UK /'levl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Specific height of something
      • Amount of ability you have compared to others
      • Transitive Verb
      • To aim a gun at someone
      • To destroy a building; flatten an area completely
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • livestock

      US /ˈlaɪvˌstɑk/

      UK /ˈlaɪvstɒk/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Any animals kept for use or profit
      B2
      More
    • maize

      US /mez/

      UK /meɪz/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Corn; a yellow cereal
      B2
      More
    • methane

      US /ˈmeθeɪn/

      UK /ˈmi:θeɪn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Colorless gas without smell often used as fuel
      B2
      More
    • mitigation

      US /ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃn/

      UK /ˌmɪtɪˈgeɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of making less severe or serious
      B2
      More
    • national

      US /ˈnæʃənəl, ˈnæʃnəl/

      UK /'næʃnəl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning a nation as a whole
      • Countable Noun
      • A person of a particular country
      A2
      More
    • nitrogen

      US /ˈnaɪtrədʒən/

      UK /ˈnaɪtrədʒən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • A colorless chemical element without a smell
      B2
      More
    • number of people

      US /ˈnʌmbɚ ʌv ˈpipəl/

      UK /ˈnʌmbə ɔv ˈpi:pl/

      • Phrase
      • The total count of individuals within a group or gathering.
      • A statistical figure representing the population size or a subset thereof.
      A1
      More
    • of the century

      US /ʌv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri/

      UK /əv ðə ˈsenʧəri/

      • other
      • The most notable or important in a hundred-year period.
      B2
      More
    • on the other hand

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Considering a different aspect of the matter; alternatively.
      A1
      More
    • ozone

      US /ˈoʊzoʊn/

      UK /ˈəʊzəʊn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Gas protecting the earth from the sun
      • Fresh and pure air, usually near the sea
      B2
      More
    • planting

      US

      UK

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To firmly position something (in the ground)
      • To put seeds, flowers, trees in the ground
      • Noun
      • The activity of putting plants in the ground.
      • The action of placing (something) in a particular spot, especially in order to deceive someone.
      A2
      More
    • potential

      US /pəˈtɛnʃəl/

      UK /pəˈtenʃl/

      • Adjective
      • Capable of happening or becoming reality
      • Having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future.
      • Uncountable Noun
      • someone's or something's ability to develop, achieve, or succeed
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • production

      US /prəˈdʌkʃən, pro-/

      UK /prəˈdʌkʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of producing or growing food naturally
      • Process of making something on a large scale
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • productivity

      US /ˌprɑ:dʌkˈtɪvəti/

      UK /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Rate at which people or machines produce
      • A measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factory, system, etc., in converting inputs into useful output.
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • rainfall

      US /ˈrenˌfɔl/

      UK /ˈreɪnfɔ:l/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Water falling from the sky
      B1
      More
    • rather than

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • More exactly; more correctly
      • Preferably; instead
      • Preposition
      • Instead of
      A1
      More
    • reduce

      US /rɪˈdus, -ˈdjus/

      UK /rɪ'dju:s/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To try to decrease, e.g. your weight if overweight
      • To boil a liquid until it has decreased in amount
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • reduce the risk

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • To lessen the probability of something dangerous or harmful occurring.
      A1
      More
    • region

      US /ˈridʒən/

      UK /'ri:dʒən/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Part of a country, of the world, area, etc.
      • A part of the body
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • regional

      US /ˈridʒənəl/

      UK /ˈri:dʒənl/

      • Adjective
      • Of a particular area, not the whole of a country
      • Characteristic of a particular region.
      B1
      More
    • rely on

      US /rɪˈlaɪ ɑn/

      UK /riˈlai ɔn/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To depend on someone or something
      A2
      More
    • result in

      US /rɪˈzʌlt ɪn/

      UK /riˈzʌlt in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To cause or produce as a consequence.
      More
    • retreat

      US /rɪˈtrit/

      UK /rɪ'tri:t/

      • Noun
      • Act of a force moving back from a winning enemy
      • A place away from home and work to relax
      • Intransitive Verb
      • (Of army, etc.) to move back from a winning enemy
      • To go away from home and work for a vacation
      B2
      More
    • rural

      US /ˈrʊrəl/

      UK /ˈruərəl/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning the country as opposed to the city
      B1
      More
    • same time

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Occurring simultaneously or at the same point in time.
      • At the identical time as before; recurring at a fixed hour.
      • Noun
      • An equal duration or period.
      A1
      More
    • security

      US /sɪˈkjʊrɪti/sə'kjurətɪ/

      UK /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/

      • Noun
      • Department in a company in charge of protection
      • Financial document, like stocks, bonds and notes
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • share in

      US /ʃɛr ɪn/

      UK /ʃɛə in/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To participate in something; to have a part or interest in something.
      • To receive a portion of something, such as profits or losses.
      A1
      More
    • soil

      US /sɔɪl/

      UK /sɔɪl/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Conditions in which something develops
      • Mix of natural material in which plants grow
      • Transitive Verb
      • To get or become dirty
      B1
      More
    • southern

      US /ˈsʌðərn/

      UK /ˈsʌðən/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning a region in the south
      A2
      More
    • speed up

      US /spid ʌp/

      UK /spi:d ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To move more quickly
      A2
      More
    • such as

      US /sʌtʃ æz/

      UK /sʌtʃ æz/

      • Preposition
      • For example; like
      A1
      More
    • temperature

      US /ˈtɛmpərəˌtʃʊr,-tʃɚ,ˈtɛmprə-/

      UK /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • When you your body heat is above normal
      • How hot or cold something is, e.g. the weather
      A2
      More
    • to a large extent

      US /tə ə ˌlɑrdʒ ɪkˈstɛnt/

      UK /tə ə ˌlɑ:dʒ ikˈstent/

      • other
      • Mostly or for the most part; primarily.
      B2
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • varieties of

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Different kinds or types of something.
      • A range of different things.
      A2
      More
    • vulnerability

      US /ˌvʌlnərə'bɪlətɪ/

      UK /ˌvʌlnərə'bɪlətɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Being weak and able to be easily hurt or damaged
      • A weakness or flaw that makes something susceptible to harm or damage.
      B1
      More
    • vulnerable

      US /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/

      UK /ˈvʌlnərəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Being open to attack or damage
      • Being easily harmed, hurt, or wounded
      B1
      More
    • wake up

      US /wek ʌp/

      UK /weik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To stop sleeping
      • To become fully aware and alert to a situation.
      A1
      More
    • yield

      US /jild/

      UK /ji:ld/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To bend or break because of a strong force
      • To give way to someone or something else
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Amount of crops grown
      • Amount of profit you make
      A2TOEIC
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    B1
    #climate#climate change#agriculture#agricultural#crop#adaptation

    Climate change and agriculture

    0
    richardwang posted on 2015/10/15
    Ever wondered how climate change is shaking up our food supply? This video dives deep into the impacts on agriculture, equipping you with advanced vocabulary like 'anthropogenic' and 'phenology' to discuss these critical issues. You'll gain a richer understanding of adaptation strategies and the challenges faced by smallholder farmers worldwide!

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