approval
US /əˈpruvəl/
UK /əˈpru:vl/
- Uncountable Noun
- Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
- Positive opinion of something or someone
A2TOEICMoreaverage
US /ˈævərɪdʒ, ˈævrɪdʒ/
UK /'ævərɪdʒ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Total of numbers divided by the number of items
- Transitive Verb
- To add numbers then divide by the number of items
A2TOEICMorebattleground
US /ˈbætlˌɡraʊnd/
UK /'bætlɡraʊnd/
- Noun
- Region where a battle was, or is being fought
- A situation or subject where there is a lot of disagreement or conflict.
C2Moredecade
US /ˈdɛkˌed, dɛˈked/
UK /ˈdekeɪd/
- Countable Noun
- Period of 10 years
B1TOEICMoredemocratic
US /ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk/
UK /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/
- Adjective
- (Of government) giving the people power, a vote
- Based on the principle that all members have equal rights.
B2Moredescription
US /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/
UK /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/
- Noun
- Explanation of what something is like, looks like
- The type or nature of someone or something.
A2TOEICMoredigit
US /ˈdɪdʒɪt/
UK /ˈdɪdʒɪt/
- Countable Noun
- Person's finger or toe
- Written symbol of the numbers from 0 to 9
B2Moredisappointing
US /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ/
UK /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To not meet the expectations of others or yourself
- Adjective
- Feeling you did not meet expectations
- Causing someone to feel unhappy because something did not happen or was not as good as expected.
B1Moreelection
US /ɪˈlɛkʃən/
UK /ɪ'lekʃn/
- Noun
- Process of choosing someone by voting
B1TOEICMoreenormous
US /ɪˈnɔrməs/
UK /iˈnɔ:məs/
- Adjective
- Huge; very big; very important
- Very great in size, amount, or degree.
A2Morefamiliar
US /fəˈmɪljɚ/
UK /fəˈmɪliə(r)/
- Adjective
- Well-known or easily recognized
- Having a good knowledge of something.
- Noun
- A close friend or associate.
- (In folklore) a spirit, often in animal form, believed to attend and serve a witch.
A2TOEICMorefavorable
US /ˈfevərəbəl, ˈfevrə-/
UK /'feɪvərəbl/
- Adjective
- When a good result or positive outcome is likely
B2TOEICMoreflip
US /flɪp/
UK /flɪp/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To turn your body in the air, as in gymnastics
- To move into a different position quickly
- Noun
- Act of turning your body in the air; somersault
- Movement of something from one position to another
B2Morefortify
US /ˈfɔrtəˌfaɪ/
UK /'fɔ:tɪfaɪ/
- Transitive Verb
- To protect against military attack, as with walls
- To make someone or something stronger
B2Moregain
US /ɡen/
UK /ɡeɪn/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To increase in something, such as weight
- To get something wanted, needed or valued
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- An increase in something, such as weight
A2TOEICMorehistorical
US /hɪˈstɔrɪkəl,-ˈstɑr-/
UK /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/
- Adjective
- Connected with the past
B1Morehistorically
US /hɪsˈtɔrɪkl:ɪ/
UK /hɪ'stɒrɪklɪ/
- Adverb
- In history; in the past
B1Morein fact
US /ɪn fækt/
UK /in fækt/
- Adverb
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
- Phrase
- Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
C1Morein the house
US
UK
- Phrase
- Located inside a building used as a dwelling.
- Within a legislative body, such as a parliament or congress.
A1Moreincumbent
US /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/
UK /ɪn'kʌmbənt/
- Countable Noun
- A person who holds a particular office or position
C1TOEICMoreinflation
US /ɪnˈfleʃən/
UK /ɪn'fleɪʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Act of filling something with air or gas
- Continual rise in the prices of products
B1TOEICMoreironically
US /aɪ'rɒnɪklɪ/
UK /aɪ'rɒnɪklɪ/
- Adverb
- Contrary to plan or expectation
B2Moreissue
US /ˈɪʃu/
UK /'ɪʃu:/
- Transitive Verb
- To make something available to be used or sold
- To deliver a statement, etc. in an official manner
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Important topic discussed, debated or argued over
- Single edition of a magazine
A2TOEICMorelead to
US /lid tu/
UK /li:d tu:/
- Phrasal Verb
- To result in some action
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To have something as a consequence or result.
A1Morelook at
US /lʊk æt/
UK /luk æt/
- Phrasal Verb
- To use your eyes to focus on something
- To focus your eyes on something carefully
A1Morelook back
US /lʊk bæk/
UK /luk bæk/
- Phrasal Verb
- To think about past events
A1Moremid
US /mɪd/
UK /mɪd/
- Adjective
- At (or near) the middle point
B2Moremitigate
US /ˈmɪtˌɪɡet/
UK /'mɪtɪɡeɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To make less severe or serious
B2TOEICMoreof course
US /ʌv kɔː(r)s/
UK /ɔv kɔː(r)s/
- Adverb
- Sure ; Certainly
- Phrase
- For sure; certainly
A2Moreperformance
US / pɚˈfɔrməns/
UK /pə'fɔ:məns/
- Noun
- Act of doing something
- Activity done to entertain an audience
A2TOEICMorepoll
US /pol/
UK /pəʊl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Process of gathering opinions by asking questions
- Polls where you go to cast your vote in elections
- Transitive Verb
- To ask a group of people in a vote or election
B1TOEICMorepotentially
US /pəˈtɛnʃəlɪ/
UK /pə'tenʃəlɪ/
- Adverb
- That could happen or become reality
B1Moreprecedent
US /ˈprɛsɪdənt/
UK /ˈpresɪdənt/
- Countable Noun
- A similar action happening before now
B1Morepresident
US /ˈprɛzɪdənt,-ˌdɛnt/
UK /ˈprezɪdənt/
- Noun
- Person in charge of a country, or organization
- The highest-ranking executive in a corporation or organization.
A2TOEICMorereality
US /riˈælɪti/
UK /rɪ'ælətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
- The state of things as they actually exist, rather than as they may appear or might be imagined.
A2Morereferendum
US /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/
UK /ˌrefəˈrendəm/
- Noun
- Public vote on an issue
B2Morerough
US /rʌf/
UK /rʌf/
- Adjective
- Causing or involving violence, force, and harm
- (Of situations) tough; difficult to get through
- Adverb
- In a manner that is difficult, or violent
A2Moresenate
US /ˈsɛnɪt/
UK /'senət/
- Noun
- A board of governors at a college or university
B2Moreskewed
US
UK
- Adjective
- Not accurate or correct; biased
- Transitive Verb
- To affect data making them incorrect or inaccurate
- To affect ideas/thoughts making them incorrect
C2Morestruggle
US /ˈstrʌɡəl/
UK /'strʌɡl/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To try very hard to do something difficult
- To fight or struggle violently
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Strong efforts made to do something difficult
- A difficult or challenging situation or task
A2Moresucceed
US /səkˈsid/
UK /sək'si:d/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To have achieved what you were trying to achieve
- To take over position of one who has died or left
A2TOEICMoretend
US /tɛnd/
UK /tend/
- Intransitive Verb
- To move or act in a certain manner
- Transitive Verb
- To take care of
A2Morethink of
US /θɪŋk ʌv/
UK /θiŋk ɔv/
- Phrasal Verb
- To look on as (being something specific); consider
- To consider or remember something.
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To imagine or call something to mind
A1Moretranslate
US /trænsˈlet/
UK /trænsˈleɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To change something into a different state
- To be equivalent to; equate to
A2Moreunpopular
US /ʌnˈpɑpjəlɚ/
UK /ʌnˈpɒpjələ(r)/
- Adjective
- Disliked by many people
B1Moreunusual
US /ʌnˈjuʒuəl/
UK /ʌnˈju:ʒuəl/
- Adjective
- Being rare or uncommon; not ordinary; strange
- Remarkable or interesting because different from or better than others.
B1More
Vocabulary
- look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
- in the house: Located inside a building used as a dwelling.
- in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
- of course: Sure ; Certainly
- lead to: To result in some action
- look back: To think about past events
- think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
- struggle: To try very hard to do something difficult
- enormous: Huge; very big; very important
- situation: Place, position or area that something is in
- description: Explanation of what something is like, looks like
- average: Total of numbers divided by the number of items
- potentially: That could happen or become reality
- flip: To turn your body in the air, as in gymnastics
- tend: To move or act in a certain manner
- familiar: Well-known or easily recognized
- describe: To tell the appearance, sound, smell of something
- reality: What is true, as opposed to what is imagined
- decade: Period of 10 years
- bit: Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- issue: To make something available to be used or sold
- draw: To attract attention to someone or something
- inflation: Act of filling something with air or gas
- rough: Causing or involving violence, force, and harm
- compare: To consider how similar and different things are
- pretty: Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- performance: Act of doing something
- democratic: (Of government) giving the people power, a vote
- rate: To assess something or consider its qualities
- lead: Wire for electricity, computer, etc.; cable
- ironically: Contrary to plan or expectation
- economy: Using money, resources in a careful, effective way
- shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
- poll: Process of gathering opinions by asking questions
- gain: To increase in something, such as weight
- mitigate: To make less severe or serious
- approval: Agreement that person/thing is acceptable
- important: Having power or authority
- place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
- single: One run in cricket or a hit baseball
- sound: Sensible, dependable and reliable
- president: Person in charge of a country, or organization
- control: A device designed to operate a machine
- referendum: Public vote on an issue
- election: Process of choosing someone by voting
- succeed: To have achieved what you were trying to achieve
- precedent: A similar action happening before now
- skewed: Not accurate or correct; biased
- senate: A board of governors at a college or university
- fortify: To protect against military attack, as with walls
- translate: To change something into a different state
- unusual: Being rare or uncommon; not ordinary; strange
- historical: Connected with the past
- incumbent: A person who holds a particular office or position
- digit: Person's finger or toe
- historically: In history; in the past
- favorable: When a good result or positive outcome is likely
- disappointing: To not meet the expectations of others or yourself
- mid: At (or near) the middle point
- battleground: Region where a battle was, or is being fought
- unpopular: Disliked by many people
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
How the midterms looked for both parties in past elections
0
林宜悉 posted on 2026/10/07Ever wonder how past midterm elections shape the political landscape? This video breaks down the historical trends and key factors like approval ratings and voter concerns, giving you a great chance to pick up essential political vocabulary like 'headwinds' and 'referendum' while exploring how parties strategize for election night.
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