activation
US /ˌæktɪ'veɪʃn/
UK /ˌæktɪ'veɪʃn/
- Noun
- Act of making something (e.g. a bomb) active
B1Moreapproach
US /əˈprəʊtʃ/
UK /ə'prəʊtʃ/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- To request someone to do something specific
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Means of reaching a place, often a road or path
- Request of someone with a specific goal in mind
A2TOEICMorebarrier
US /ˈbæriɚ/
UK /'bærɪə(r)/
- Noun
- Difficult situation preventing something happening
- Structure or object that stops free movement
B1TOEICMorebond
US /bɑnd/
UK /bɒnd/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
- Closeness that is shared between people or groups
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- To develop a close relationship with
- To become joined or connected, e.g. using glue
A2TOEICMorechannel
US /ˈtʃænəl/
UK /'tʃænl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Long hole dug in the ground, e.g. to move water
- TV or radio station or its programs
- Transitive Verb
- To dig a long hole for carrying water
- To send (e.g. money) to a certain place or person
B1Morecollision
US /kəˈlɪʒən/
UK /kəˈlɪʒn/
- Noun
- Act of crashing into someone or something else
- A clash of opposing ideas or interests.
B2Morecounter
US /ˈkaʊntɚ/
UK /'kaʊntə(r)/
- Transitive Verb
- To say or do something in opposition or resistance
- To try to prevent, as by making a different point
- Prefix
- Being opposite or against something
B1Moredepend
US /dɪˈpend/
UK /dɪˈpend/
- Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
- Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- To rely on someone or something for support, help, or existence.
B1TOEICMorediagram
US /ˈdaɪəˌɡræm/
UK /'daɪəɡræm/
- Noun
- A drawing intended to explain how something works
- Transitive Verb
- To show or explain something by drawing a picture
B1Moredictate
US /ˈdɪkˌtet/
UK /dɪk'teɪt/
- Transitive Verb
- To speak while someone writes down your words
- To make a thing necessary
B1TOEICMoredirection
US /dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ-/
UK /də'rekʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- When someone tells people what to do
- Describes the way you are going, e.g. North
A2TOEICMorediscrepancy
US /dɪˈskrɛpənsi/
UK /dɪs'krepənsɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Difference between amounts that should be the same
- A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.
B1Moreessentially
US /ɪˈsenʃəli/
UK /ɪˈsenʃəli/
- Adverb
- Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
- Used to emphasize the basic truth or fact of a situation.
A2Morefavor
US /ˈfevɚ/
UK /'feɪvə/
- Noun
- Support or approval from people
- Small gift given out at a party
- Transitive Verb
- To prefer or promote over another
A2Morefavorable
US /ˈfevərəbəl, ˈfevrə-/
UK /'feɪvərəbl/
- Adjective
- When a good result or positive outcome is likely
B2TOEICMorefeature
US /ˈfitʃɚ/
UK /'fi:tʃə(r)/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Special report in a magazine or paper
- Distinctive or important point of something
- Transitive Verb
- To highlight or give special importance to
- To give prominence to; to present or promote as a special or important item.
A2TOEICMoregrab
US /ɡræb/
UK /ɡræb/
- Transitive Verb
- To take and hold something quickly
A2Moreinvolve
US /ɪnˈvɑlv/
UK /ɪn'vɒlv/
- Transitive Verb
- To have or be included as a part of something
- To cause (a person or group) to take part in an event or activity.
A2TOEICMoreion
US /ˈaɪən/
UK /'aɪən/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Atoms with either a positive or negative charge
B2Morekinetic
US /kɪˈnɛtɪk, kaɪ-/
UK /kɪˈnetɪk/
- Adjective
- Of or relating to movement
C1Moremolecule
US /ˈmɑlɪˌkjul/
UK /ˈmɒlɪkju:l/
- Noun
- Two or more atoms chemically combined
B2Moreoccur
US /əˈkɚ/
UK /əˈkɜ:(r)/
- Intransitive Verb
- To come to pass or to happen
- To be found to exist; to be present.
A2TOEICMoreoffset
US /ˈɔ:fset/
UK /ˈɒfset/
- Transitive Verb
- To compensate for or counterbalance the effect of
- Noun
- Compensation or counterbalance
- A printing technique in which the image is transferred to a rubber surface and then to paper.
B1TOEICMoreopportunity
US /ˌɑpɚˈtunɪti, -ˈtju-/
UK /ˌɒpə'tju:nətɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
- A favorable time or occasion for doing something.
A2TOEICMoreparticipate
US /pɑ:rˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
UK /pɑ:ˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
- Intransitive Verb
- To take part with others in doing something
- To be involved in a discussion or conversation.
B1TOEICMorepathway
US /ˈpæθˌwe, ˈpɑθ-/
UK /ˈpɑ:θweɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- A path or way that you can walk
B1Morepi
US /paɪ/
UK /paɪ/
- Noun
- The ratio of the circumference to the diameter
B2Moreping
US /pɪŋ/
UK /pɪŋ/
- Intransitive Verb
- To make a high sharp sound, as bullet hitting rock
C1Moreportion
US /ˈpɔrʃən, ˈpor-/
UK /'pɔ:ʃn/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Serving of food that is intended for one person
- Part of something shared that belongs to a whole
- Transitive Verb
- To separate something to divide among people
B1Moreprinciple
US /ˈprɪnsəpəl/
UK /ˈprɪnsəpl/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Moral rule or belief governing a person's behavior
- Natural law that explains how things work
A2TOEICMoreproton
US /ˈproʊtɑ:n/
UK /ˈprəʊtɒn/
- Countable Noun
- Tiny part of atom with positive electrical charge
B2Morereaction
US /riˈækʃən/
UK /rɪ'ækʃn/
- Noun
- Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- Feeling or action in response to something
A2Morerelevant
US /ˈrɛləvənt/
UK /ˈreləvənt/
- Adjective
- Having an effect on an issue; related or current
A2TOEICMorerepresent
US /ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/
UK /ˌreprɪ'zent/
- Transitive Verb
- To depict art objects, figures, scenes; to portray
- To show or describe something in a particular way
A2TOEICMoreslightly
US /ˈslaɪtli/
UK /ˈslaɪtli/
- Adverb
- Only a little
B1Morestructure
US /ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ/
UK /ˈstrʌk.tʃə/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- A building or other man-made object.
- Transitive Verb
- To plan, organize, or arrange the parts of something
A2TOEICMorestuff
US /stʌf/
UK /stʌf/
- Uncountable Noun
- Generic description for things, materials, objects
- Transitive Verb
- To push material inside something, with force
B1Moresubstitute
US /ˈsʌbstɪˌtut, -ˌtjut/
UK /'sʌbstɪtju:t/
- Transitive Verb
- To perform the tasks instead of someone else
- To replace one person or thing for another
- Noun
- A person or thing acting in place of another
B2TOEICMoresubstrate
US /ˈsʌbˌstret/
UK /ˈsʌbstreɪt/
- Noun
- A substance which a catalyst has an effect on
B2Moresudden
US /ˈsʌdn/
UK /ˈsʌdn/
- Adjective
- Happening or done quickly or unexpectedly
B1Moretakeaway
US /ˈtekəˌwe/
UK /ˈteɪkəweɪ/
- Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
- Employee benefit deleted in union contract
- A meal bought at a restaurant but eaten elsewhere.
C2More
Vocabulary
- stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
- relevant: Having an effect on an issue; related or current
- essentially: Basically; (said when stating the basic facts)
- approach: To get close to reaching something or somewhere
- opportunity: Time, situation when a thing might be done; chance
- situation: Place, position or area that something is in
- grab: To take and hold something quickly
- slightly: Only a little
- experience: Thing a person has done or that happened to them
- structure: The way in which the parts of a system or object are arranged or organized, or a system arranged in this way
- represent: To depict art objects, figures, scenes; to portray
- barrier: Difficult situation preventing something happening
- molecule: Two or more atoms chemically combined
- feature: Special report in a magazine or paper
- bit: Device put in a horse's mouth to control it
- bond: Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
- portion: Serving of food that is intended for one person
- substitute: To perform the tasks instead of someone else
- occur: To come to pass or to happen
- draw: To attract attention to someone or something
- dictate: To speak while someone writes down your words
- explain: To make clear or easy to understand by describing
- direction: When someone tells people what to do
- form: Sports team or person's current winning record
- principle: Moral rule or belief governing a person's behavior
- reaction: Bodily response to a drug or something eaten
- apply: To spread a substance or liquid over a surface
- compare: To consider how similar and different things are
- involve: To have or be included as a part of something
- counter: To say or do something in opposition or resistance
- pretty: Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
- reason: To think and make conclusions in a logical manner
- favor: Support or approval from people
- produce: Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables
- participate: To take part with others in doing something
- collision: Act of crashing into someone or something else
- notice: To become aware by sight, touch, or hearing
- lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
- discrepancy: Difference between amounts that should be the same
- depend: Be controlled or determined by (someone/something)
- channel: Long hole dug in the ground, e.g. to move water
- control: A device designed to operate a machine
- support: To give assistance or advice to someone
- sudden: Happening or done quickly or unexpectedly
- offset: To compensate for or counterbalance the effect of
- pathway: A path or way that you can walk
- diagram: A drawing intended to explain how something works
- kinetic: Of or relating to movement
- favorable: When a good result or positive outcome is likely
- activation: Act of making something (e.g. a bomb) active
- takeaway: Employee benefit deleted in union contract
- proton: Tiny part of atom with positive electrical charge
- ion: Atoms with either a positive or negative charge
- substrate: A substance which a catalyst has an effect on
- ping: To make a high sharp sound, as bullet hitting rock
- pi: The ratio of the circumference to the diameter
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01:03
She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.
Vocabulary
- brave
adj. Having courage
- comfort zone
phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe
Explanation
a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step".
forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead".
The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.
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brave
US/brev/
UK/breɪv/
adj.Brave
v.t.To bravely face
A2 Elementary
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80
Regioselective Enolization and Thermodynamic vs. Kinetic Control
0
Ken Lee posted on 2026/09/29Ever wondered how chemists control reactions to get exactly the product they want? This video dives into regioselective enolization, explaining the fascinating difference between thermodynamic and kinetic control using real examples like sodium hydroxide and LDA. You'll pick up key terms and understand how reaction conditions can steer chemistry towards the most stable or fastest-forming product!
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