Vocabulary

  • on earth: Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
  • figure out: To understand the behavior of someone
  • in fact: Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
  • thanks to: Because of; as a result of.
  • based on: To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
  • over time: Gradually; as time passes.
  • think of: To look on as (being something specific); consider
  • know about: To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
  • turn back: To stop and move backward on some issue
  • have to: Must do
  • in on: To be involved in a secret or plan.
  • allow me: A polite way of offering to do something for someone.
  • take it away: To remove something.
  • for example: As an illustration or instance.
  • for instance: As an example.
  • on the scene: Present at a location, especially where something has happened.
  • piece together: To assemble or put together from fragments or parts.
  • look at: To use your eyes to focus on something
  • come up with: To think of an idea or solution; produce
  • all at once: Suddenly; at the same time
  • at once: Immediately; without delay
  • as for: Concerning; regarding.
  • shake up: To completely rethink or reorganize something
  • school of thought: A particular philosophy or set of beliefs; a way of thinking.
  • in other words: Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
  • used to: Did regularly before, but don't do now
  • back into: To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
  • check out
  • made with: Containing a particular ingredient or material.
  • stuff: Generic description for things, materials, objects
  • episode: One separate event in a series of events
  • figure: To appear in a game, play or event
  • period: Set amount of time during which events take place
  • scale: Size, level, or amount when compared
  • sense: Certain mental feeling or emotion
  • solid: Being able to be trusted; reliable
  • bacteria: The very small creatures that can cause disease
  • climate: Typical weather conditions in a particular place
  • exist: To be present, alive or real
  • bond: Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
  • theory: Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
  • brain: To strike someone forcefully on the head
  • distinctive: Having a quality that is different from others
  • state: Region within a country, with its own government
  • form: Sports team or person's current winning record
  • huge: Very very large
  • scientific: Concerning academic study of the physical world
  • planet: One of the bodies that orbit the sun
  • pretty: Being attractive to the eye in a simple way
  • capture: To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
  • break: To create a new record e.g. running the 100m dash
  • civilization: A highly developed society
  • provide: To make available; to supply for use
  • oxygen: A gas in the air that we need to breathe
  • abandon: To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
  • major: High-ranking officer in the army
  • absolute: Complete; total; pure; not limited in any way
  • dissolve: To cause something to end
  • shape: The outer form of something, what it looks like
  • dioxide: An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
  • lot: What happens to a person in life from chance; fate
  • place: To put someone in a particular type of situation
  • kind: In a caring and helpful manner
  • peninsula: Narrow strip of land projecting into a sea or lake
  • decay: To be slowly destroyed by natural processes; rot
  • fact: Something that is known or proved to be true
  • accurately: Exactly and without any mistakes; correctly
  • relative: Measured or considered in comparison to another
  • steel: Very strong or determined character in a person
  • succession: Act of officially taking over someone's position
  • sage: Someone who is very wise
  • globe: A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
  • base: Place military personnel live, train, and operate
  • iron: Heavy metal device heated to smooth clothes
  • volcanic: (E.g. of a temperament) easily angered; violent
  • pendulum: Weight on chain/cord swinging from a fixed point
  • upper: Drug that improves mood or increases energy
  • radioactive: Emitting harmful energy from nuclear activity
  • soluble: Able to dissolve or be dissolved in a liquid
  • oxidation: Process of combining with oxygen
  • epoch: Specific period of history, e.g. a remarkable one
  • geology: Study of the Earth's rocks, soil etc.
  • eon: An immeasurably long period of time
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  • not found vocabularyNo vocabulary matches your filters
    • abandon

      US /əˈbændən/

      UK /ə'bændən/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To discard or intentionally get rid of an item
      • To withdraw your support, or leave someone
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Wild, carefree behavior
      B1
      More
    • absolute

      US /ˈæbsəˌlut/

      UK /ˈæbsəlu:t/

      • Adjective
      • Complete; total; pure; not limited in any way
      • Not capable of being doubted or questioned; certain.
      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Something that is complete, total, pure, certain
      • (in philosophy) a concept of an ultimate, unconditional reality
      A2
      More
    • accurately

      US /'ækjərətlɪ/

      UK /'ækjərətlɪ/

      • Adverb
      • Exactly and without any mistakes; correctly
      A2
      More
    • all at once

      US

      UK

      • Adverb
      • Suddenly; at the same time
      • At the same time; simultaneously
      • Phrase
      • Suddenly; at the same time
      A1
      More
    • allow me

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • A polite way of offering to do something for someone.
      • A formal way to ask for permission or to introduce oneself.
      More
    • as for

      US /æz fɔr/

      UK /æz fɔ:/

      • Preposition
      • Concerning; regarding.
      • Phrase
      • Used to introduce a new topic or aspect of a subject.
      A1
      More
    • at once

      US /æt wʌns/

      UK /æt wʌns/

      • Adverb
      • Immediately; without delay
      • At the same time; simultaneously
      A2
      More
    • back into

      US /bæk ˈɪntu/

      UK /bæk ˈɪntuː/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To drive a vehicle backwards into a space or area.
      • To accidentally collide with something while moving backwards.
      A1
      More
    • bacteria

      US /bækˈtɪriə/

      UK /bæk'tɪərɪə/

      • Noun (plural)
      • The very small creatures that can cause disease
      B2
      More
    • base

      US /bes/

      UK /beɪs/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Place military personnel live, train, and operate
      • Bottom part of an object that touches a surface
      • Transitive Verb
      • To use as the starting point or origin for
      • To have as the main location for (company, etc.)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • based on

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use something as the foundation or starting point for something else.
      • Preposition
      • Using something as the main idea or foundation.
      • Relying on something as evidence or justification.
      A1
      More
    • bond

      US /bɑnd/

      UK /bɒnd/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Rope, chain or other thing used to tie someone up
      • Closeness that is shared between people or groups
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To develop a close relationship with
      • To become joined or connected, e.g. using glue
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • capture

      US /ˈkæptʃɚ/

      UK /'kæptʃə(r)/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To attract and hold e.g. interest, attention
      • To record, tape, or film something
      • Noun
      • The act of seizing or taking control of something.
      B1
      More
    • check out

      US /tʃɛk aʊt/

      UK /tʃek aut/

      • Phrase
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To find out information about something
      • To take books out of a library
      A1
      More
    • civilization

      US /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeʃən/

      UK /ˌsɪvəlaɪ'zeɪʃn/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A highly developed society
      B2
      More
    • climate

      US /ˈklaɪmɪt/

      UK /ˈklaɪmət/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Typical weather conditions in a particular place
      • The general attitudes, feelings, or opinions that people have at a particular time.
      A2
      More
    • come up with

      US /kʌm ʌp wɪð/

      UK /kʌm ʌp wið/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To think of an idea or solution; produce
      A1
      More
    • decay

      US /dɪˈke/

      UK /dɪˈkeɪ/

      • Intransitive Verb
      • To be slowly destroyed by natural processes; rot
      • To lose health or strength
      • Uncountable Noun
      • Slow loss of physical or mental health
      B1
      More
    • dioxide

      US /daɪˈɑksaɪd/

      UK /daɪˈɒksaɪd/

      • Noun
      • An oxide containing two oxides per molecule
      B2
      More
    • dissolve

      US /dɪˈzɑ:lv/

      UK /dɪˈzɒlv/

      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To cause something to end
      • To dismiss, e.g. a law-making body
      B2
      More
    • distinctive

      US /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/

      UK /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Having a quality that is different from others
      • Having a quality or characteristic that makes a person or thing different from others; easily distinguishable.
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • eon

      US /ˈiən/

      UK /'i:ən/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • An immeasurably long period of time
      • A major division of geologic time, usually divided into eras.
      C2
      More
    • episode

      US /ˈɛpɪˌsod/

      UK /'epɪsəʊd/

      • Noun
      • One separate event in a series of events
      • Show which is part of a larger story
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • epoch

      US /ˈɛpək, ˈiˌpɑk/

      UK /'i:pɒk/

      • Noun
      • Specific period of history, e.g. a remarkable one
      C1
      More
    • figure out

      US /ˈfɪɡjɚ aʊt/

      UK /ˈfiɡə aut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To understand the behavior of someone
      • To think through logically to find a solution
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To understand or find an answer to something.
      • To find a solution to a problem or understand something.
      A1
      More
    • for example

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • As an illustration or instance.
      More
    • for instance

      US /fɔr ˈɪnstəns/

      UK /fɔ: ˈinstəns/

      • Adverb
      • As an example.
      • Phrase
      • As an example.
      • As an illustration or case in point
      B1
      More
    • geology

      US /dʒiˈɑlədʒi/

      UK /dʒɪ'ɒlədʒɪ/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Study of the Earth's rocks, soil etc.
      B1
      More
    • globe

      US /gloʊb/

      UK /gləʊb/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • A round object, e.g. like the earth; sphere
      B1TOEIC
      More
    • have to

      US /hæv tu/

      UK /ˈhæv tə/

      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Must do
      A1
      More
    • huge

      US /hjudʒ/

      UK /hju:dʒ/

      • Adjective
      • Very very large
      A2
      More
    • in fact

      US /ɪn fækt/

      UK /in fækt/

      • Adverb
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that contrasts with or contradicts something else.
      • Used to introduce a more detailed or surprising piece of information.
      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize the truth of a statement, especially one that is surprising or contrary to what might be expected.
      C1
      More
    • in on

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • To be involved in a secret or plan.
      • To be aware of something that is secret or not generally known.
      A1
      More
    • in other words

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Stating something in a different way, often to make it clearer or more understandable.
      More
    • iron

      US /ˈaɪərn/

      UK /ˈaɪən/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Heavy metal device heated to smooth clothes
      • Golf club with a metal head
      • Transitive Verb
      • To use a hot flat-based machine to smooth clothes
      B1
      More
    • know about

      US /noʊ əˈbaʊt/

      UK /nəʊ əˈbaut/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To have information or understanding of a subject or situation.
      More
    • look at

      US /lʊk æt/

      UK /luk æt/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To use your eyes to focus on something
      • To focus your eyes on something carefully
      A1
      More
    • made with

      US

      UK

      • Phrase
      • Containing a particular ingredient or material.
      • Created or produced using a specific tool, method, or process.
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To offer or provide something, often quickly or unexpectedly.
      A1
      More
    • major

      US /ˈmedʒɚ/

      UK /'meɪdʒə(r)/

      • Countable Noun
      • High-ranking officer in the army
      • Main subject you study at university
      • Adjective
      • Main league; esp. referring to American baseball
      • Important, serious, or large in scope, size
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • on earth

      US /ɑn ɚθ/

      UK /ɔn ə:θ/

      • Phrase
      • Used to emphasize a question expressing surprise or anger.
      • Used to emphasize that something is not possible or will not happen.
      A1
      More
    • on the scene

      US /ɑn ði sin/

      UK /ɔn ðə si:n/

      • Phrase
      • Present at a location, especially where something has happened.
      • Involved or active in a particular area or activity.
      B1
      More
    • over time

      US /ˈovɚ taɪm/

      UK /ˈəuvə taim/

      • Phrase
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      • During a long period.
      • Adverb
      • Gradually; as time passes.
      B1
      More
    • oxidation

      US /ˌɑksɪˈdeʃən/

      UK /ˌɒksɪ'deɪʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Process of combining with oxygen
      C1
      More
    • oxygen

      US /ˈɑksɪdʒən/

      UK /'ɒksɪdʒən/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • A gas in the air that we need to breathe
      • Oxygen administered as a medical treatment.
      B1
      More
    • pendulum

      US /ˈpɛndʒələm, ˈpɛndjə-, ˈpɛndə-/

      UK /'pendjələm/

      • Countable Noun
      • Weight on chain/cord swinging from a fixed point
      B2
      More
    • peninsula

      US /pəˈnɪnsjələ, -sələ/

      UK /pə'nɪnsjələ/

      • Noun
      • Narrow strip of land projecting into a sea or lake
      B2
      More
    • piece together

      US /pis təˈɡɛðɚ/

      UK /pi:s təˈɡeðə/

      • Transitive Verb
      • To assemble or put together from fragments or parts.
      • Phrasal Verb
      • To assemble or construct something from individual parts or pieces.
      • To try to understand something by considering all the separate facts or pieces of information that you have.
      A1
      More
    • planet

      US /ˈplænɪt/

      UK /'plænɪt/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • One of the bodies that orbit the sun
      • A different world or sphere of existence.
      • Proper Noun
      • The earth.
      A2
      More
    • radioactive

      US /ˌredioˈæktɪv/

      UK /ˌreɪdɪəʊ'æktɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Emitting harmful energy from nuclear activity
      B2
      More
    • relative

      US /ˈrɛlətɪv/

      UK /ˈrelətɪv/

      • Adjective
      • Measured or considered in comparison to another
      • (Grammar) referring to words that appear earlier
      • Countable Noun
      • Members of the family
      • Humans or animals sharing the same family history
      A2
      More
    • sage

      US /sedʒ/

      UK /seɪdʒ/

      • Countable Noun
      • Someone who is very wise
      • Adjective
      • Very wise
      B2
      More
    • scale

      US /skel/

      UK /skeɪl/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Size, level, or amount when compared
      • Small hard plates that cover the body of fish
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To change the size of but keep the proportions
      • To climb something large (e.g. a mountain)
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • school of thought

      US

      UK

      • Noun
      • A particular philosophy or set of beliefs; a way of thinking.
      • A particular approach or method.
      B1
      More
    • scientific

      US /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

      UK /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

      • Adjective
      • Concerning academic study of the physical world
      • Systematic and precise, following a methodology.
      • Noun
      • Relating to or used in science.
      A2
      More
    • shake up

      US /ʃek ʌp/

      UK /ʃeik ʌp/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To completely rethink or reorganize something
      A2
      More
    • solid

      US /ˈsɑlɪd/

      UK /'sɒlɪd/

      • Adjective
      • Being able to be trusted; reliable
      • Substance that is hard or of fixed shape
      • Noun
      • Something firm or hard; not gas or liquid
      A2
      More
    • soluble

      US /ˈsɑ:ljəbl/

      UK /ˈsɒljəbl/

      • Adjective
      • Able to dissolve or be dissolved in a liquid
      • Able to be solved
      B2
      More
    • steel

      US /stil/

      UK /sti:l/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Very strong or determined character in a person
      • Very strong metal made of iron, etc.
      • Transitive Verb
      • To prepare yourself for something difficult
      A2
      More
    • stuff

      US /stʌf/

      UK /stʌf/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Generic description for things, materials, objects
      • Transitive Verb
      • To push material inside something, with force
      B1
      More
    • succession

      US /səkˈsɛʃən/

      UK /səkˈseʃn/

      • Uncountable Noun
      • Act of officially taking over someone's position
      • Things that happen one after another in a series
      B2
      More
    • take it away

      US

      UK

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To remove something.
      • Idiom
      • To begin playing or performing.
      C1
      More
    • thanks to

      US /θæŋks tu/

      UK /θæŋks tu:/

      • Preposition
      • Because of; as a result of.
      A1
      More
    • theory

      US /ˈθiəri, ˈθɪri/

      UK /ˈθiəri/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Ideas or principles that explain facts or events
      • An idea or belief about something
      A2TOEIC
      More
    • think of

      US /θɪŋk ʌv/

      UK /θiŋk ɔv/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To look on as (being something specific); consider
      • To consider or remember something.
      • Verb (Transitive/Intransitive)
      • To imagine or call something to mind
      A1
      More
    • turn back

      US /tɚn bæk/

      UK /tə:n bæk/

      • Phrasal Verb
      • To stop and move backward on some issue
      B2
      More
    • upper

      US /ˈʌpɚ/

      UK /ˈʌpə(r)/

      • Noun (Countable/Uncountable)
      • Drug that improves mood or increases energy
      • Something happy or encouraging
      • Adjective
      • Located above others of the same kind
      • Being the northern part of a region
      B1
      More
    • used to

      US /juzd tu/

      UK /ˈju:st tə/

      • Adjective
      • Did regularly before, but don't do now
      • Auxiliary Verb
      • Have done before, but do not do now
      A1
      More
    • volcanic

      US /vɑ:lˈkænɪk/

      UK /vɒlˈkænɪk/

      • Adjective
      • (E.g. of a temperament) easily angered; violent
      • Of or relating to a volcano or volcanoes
      B1
      More
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    01:03

    She took a brave step forward, leaving behind her comfort zone to chase her dreams.

    Vocabulary
    • brave

      adj. Having courage

    • comfort zone

      phr. A familiar situation where one feels safe

    Explanation
    a brave step is a noun phrase, where brave is an adjective modifying the noun step, meaning "a courageous step". forward is an adverb modifying step, meaning "ahead". The whole phrase serves as the object, answering the "what" of took (verb) — she took a brave step forward.

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    brave

    US/brev/
    UK/breɪv/
    adj.Brave
    v.t.To bravely face
    A2 Elementary

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    A2
    #CrashCourse#earth#iron#dating#planet#oxygen

    How old is the Earth?: Crash Course Geology #17

    0
    林宜悉 posted on 2026/09/11
    Ever wondered how geologists figure out the age of our planet? This video dives into the fascinating concept of geologic time, breaking down eons, eras, and periods to help you understand Earth's billions of years of history. You'll also learn about key events like the Great Oxidation and pick up some cool vocabulary along the way!

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